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Hygrobates (Lurchibates) incognitus sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype female, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0023, parasitic on Paramesotriton guangxiensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae); newt was collected in China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Ningming (mites were collected from unnumbered voucher specimens stored in the CIB collection, without detailed geographic information), preserved in 70% ethanol; mite was attached to the axilla and groin of the newt (CIB 200404064). Paratypes: Two females CIB INV 0024, same newt specimen than holotype; CIB INV 0025, same collecting data, different newt specimen (CIB 200404060). Distribution: All specimens of H. (L.) incognitus sp. nov. were collected from Paramesotriton guangxiensis. The new species is probably limited to the same distribution as its host (southern Guangxi, China and northeastern Cao Bang Province, Vietnam (Frost 2021)). Derivatio nominis: incognitus (Latin = unknown, not visible, unexpected); referring to the fact that this species in the molecular analysis (28S) could not be separated from macrochela sp. nov.. Diagnosis: Coxal field relatively broad; gnathosoma anterior heavily curved; female genital plates broad kidney-shaped, flanking posterior 4/5 of genital opening; P-4 relatively slender, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 large, blunt cone-shaped; cheliceral claw relatively curved, slender. Description, Male: Unknown. Description, Female (n = 3): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.43 (1.40), L/W 1680 (1344)/1176 (960); fused anterior coxae of both sides elongated, triangular, Cx-I + II L/W 432 (360–400)/636 (564–582), ratio 0.68 (0.62–0.71), medio-posterior margin only slightly extended by secondary sclerotization, posteriorly convex, lateral extension straight, pointing postero-laterally, Cx-I basal width 228 (209–212); gnathosoma anteriorly heavily curved, broad, rounded tips far projecting, lateral margin with Cx-I posteriorly clearly converging (Fig. 30); anterior and posterior coxal groups laterally clearly separated, medially diverging; posterior coxae far separated, inclined heart-shaped, antero-medial margin curved, medial edges nose-shaped projecting, formed by Cx-IV only, Cx-IV nearly rectangular, posterior margin transverse, lateral margin convex (Fig. 30), posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + Cx-IV of one side) L/W 354 (318–322)/341 (294–306); genital field overall broad oval, acetabular plates broad kidney-shaped, slightly inclined to lateral, flanking 4/5 of genital opening, pre- and postgenitale laying completely under integument, genital field L/W 258 (234–252)/378 (336–342), single genital plate L/W 174 (178–188)/102 (92–94); acetabula of similar size, irregular oval, Ac-2 and Ac-3 laying beside each other, L/W Ac-1 76 (79–82)/43 (41–42), Ac-2 82 (82–85)/46 (41–48), Ac-3 89 (83–84)/40 (49–51), 18/20 (20/18, 20/22) setae of similar size on anterior, lateral and posterior margin of each plate, antero-medial of the plates 4/3 (2/3, 3/4), postero-medial 3/0 (0, 1/1) additional setae in the soft integument beside the pre- and postgenital sclerites (see Fig. 30); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae, especially dorso-distally at basal segments (Figs. 31–35); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5 325 (322–325)/54 (54), I-leg-6 266 (240–258)/50 (49–50); II-leg-5 342 (342–346)/54 (54– 55), II-leg-6 276 (259–270)/54 (52–54); III-leg-5 378 (372–384)/56 (58–60), III-leg-6 312 (300–312)/54 (54–55); IV-leg-3 236 (236–242)/72 (67–68), IV-leg-5 396 (396–414)/58 (54), IV-leg-6 354 (342–355)/52 (53); chelicerae strong; cheliceral claws very large, curved, distally sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal half with strong serration continuing proximally in a lateral serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 36, 37); palps strong, relatively slender (Figs. 38–40), ventral margin of P-2 very slightly concave (sharp bend in Fig. 38 probably misshapen), antero-ventral corner with single denticles (in some specimens none), P-3 ventrally straight to slightly convex with loose field of denticles in distal 2/3, P-4 relatively long and slender, slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal fourth; P-5 with a blunt, cone-shaped ventro-proximal projection, dorso-distally with a compact, denticle-like distal claw, distally with a pair of large, strong, similar, ventrally-buckled claws; mouthpart measurements: Chelicera H 151 (basal part in all specimens broken), claw L 261, curvation of cheliceral claw 26°; palp total L 617 (604–616), L/H P-1 71 (61–63)/87 (85–87), P-2 161 (165–169)/99 (96–101), P-3 122 (118–122)/87 (87–92), P-4 212 (204–212)/76 (63–68), P-5 52 (52–54)/45 (54–56).

Annotations to the subgenus Lurchibates Comparison Hygrobates (Lurchibates) to Hygrobates (s. str.) The most obvious character separating Lurchibates from other subgenera of Hygrobates, beside the life-style as newt parasites, are the by far larger, stronger and overall more massive mouthparts (Figs. 46, 47). In contrast, the morphology of the idiosoma and the legs does not show any specific modifications (Figs. 45 vs. 48). Sexual dimorphism in Lurchibates As mentioned before (Goldschmidt & Fu 2011, Goldschmidt et al. 2020), sexual dimorphism in the subgenus Lurchibates mainly refers to the shape of the coxal field (the basal width of Cx-I in general is larger in females), thus the main difference is found in the shape of the genital field (following the general pattern of Hygrobates) (Figs. 51 vs. 52): In males the acetabular plates are fused forming a single wing-like, dumbbell- or apple-shaped genital plate (Fig. 51); in females the acetabular plates are always separated, not connected with the pre- and post-genital sclerites, flanking the genital opening (in some species shifted to posterior), their shape varies from kidney- to crescent-shaped (Fig. 52). Furthermore females are generally larger than males and show a wider variation in size: E.g. the idiosoma length in H. (L.) aloisii in the type series varies from 948–1134 in males and 1488–1932 in females (in the present study from 756–852 in males, 864–1320 in females). In H. (L.) macrochela sp. nov. the idiosoma length varies from 660–924 in males and 882–1536 in females. The size differences of males vs. females are again intensified by an enormous increase of size in ovigerous females: H. (L.) aloisii (present study), 864–1260 (non-ovigerous females) vs. 1320 (ovigerous female); H. (L.) macrochela sp. nov., 882–1104 (non- ovigerous females) vs. 1284–1536 (ovigerous females) (Figs. 52, 53). The so far studied specimens of most species included as well several ovigerous females, however the number of eggs per specimen is rather variable within the species. Based on the current data no differences between the species are visible in this respect. The number of eggs per ovigerous female varies overall between one and 100 (average 38, median 42). Whereas the egg size not varies much, neither between nor among species (overall diameter 140–165). The sexual dimorphism documented in H. (L.) intermedius, idiosoma L 900 (males) vs. 1824 (female), is probably strongly biased by the fact, that the only female used in the study was an ovigerous specimen (Goldschmidt et al. 2020). Additional information to the so far known species of Lurchibates So far the only records of the subgenus Lurchibates have been the species descriptions. Consequently any information on the morphological variability was exclusively based upon the type series of the respective species. In the present study (Goldschmidt et al. 2020, present paper), besides the seven new species, further specimens of three out of four already known species were found: H. (L.) forcipifer, H. (L.) ancistrophorus and H. (L.) aloisii. Therefore, we are providing some additional measurement data for these species (see Tab. 2, appendix): The new measurement data for the males of H. (L.) forcipifer and the single female of H. (L.) ancistrophorus are mostly within the already known range, just the male genital field of H. (L.) forcipifer is slightly smaller in the present study (Tab. 2, appendix). Yet the measurements of the three males and four females of H. (L.) aloisii are greatly extending the known size range of that species, the specimens of the present study (males as well as females) are clearly smaller than the ones of the type series (Tab. 2, appendix). Distribution of the so far known species of Lurchibates The genus Lurchibates seems to be limited to SE-Asia, the distribution of the individual species could be derived from the distribution pattern of their respective hosts (Fig. 54). Relationship among Lurchibates species based on morphometric analysis In order to confirm and visualize the separation of the so far known species of Hygrobates (Lurchibates), and to get an idea of phylogenetic relationships among the species, a character matrix was analyzed. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on raw data results in an ordination of individuals showing most species grouped together (Fig. 55) whereas there are as well certain overlaps between all species when the first two principal axes are plotted, except for ancistrophorus which is placed distant from all others. The first three components account for 79.2% of total variation (PC1 58.1, PC2 15.1, PC3 6.0). Highest loadings on PC1 showed the variables W of Cx-III and Cx-IV (one side) with 0.221 and P1-dorsal length with 0.296. On PC 2 the variables Ac-1 width, Ac-2 width and Ac-3 width showed the highest loadings with 0.367, 0.394 and 0.482 respectively. The variables Ac-2 length, P-5 length and P-2 height showed the highest loadings on PC3 with values of 0.366, 0.394 and 0.378. Variation explained by PC1 is related to size and shows that size contributes considerably to species separation. PCA on size corrected data results in larger overlaps between the species, whereas individuals are scattered on two distinctly separated “groups”: The first group with macrochela, robustipalpis, intermedius and malosimilis and the second group including ancistrophorus, pilosus, aloisii, incognitus and forcipifer. Lurchibates salamandrarum is clearly isolated in this analysis, by far separated from remaining individuals (Fig. 56). The first three components account for 74.1% of total variation (PC1 40.1, PC2 20.8, PC3 13.2). Highest loadings were shown in the variable width of coxa I+II. Non metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) on raw data shows a clear morphometric distinction between all species, again with certain overlaps but with a stress of 0.1004 (Fig. 57)., Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F., Pfingstl, Tobias, Jiang, Jian-Ping & Shimano, Satoshi, 2021, Systematics, distribution and morphology of the newt parasitic water mites of the subgenus Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011 (Acari, Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae, Hygrobates Koch, 1837), including the description of four new species and a key to all so far known species, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4985 (1) on pages 15-21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4929035, {"references":["Goldschmidt, T. & Fu, V. (2011) Description of Hygrobates aloisii sp. nov. from Hong Kong, a new species Hygrobates (Lurchibates) subgen. nov. (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), with data on the parasite - host relationship to the Hong Kong Newt Paramesotriton hongkongensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 250, 19 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2010.10.002","Goldschmidt, T., Nishikawa, K., Hiruta, S. F. & Shimano, S. (2020) Description of three new water mite species of Hygrobates Koch, 1837 (Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011) (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), parasitic in newts of the genera Paramesotriton and Pachytriton (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) from China. Zootaxa, 4768 (1), 25 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4768.1.3","Goldschmidt, T., Gerecke, R. & Alberti, G. (2002) Hygrobates salamandrarum sp. nov. (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) from China: the First Record of a Freshwater Mite Parasitizing Newts (Amphibia, Urodela). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 241, 297 - 304. https: // doi. org / 10.1078 / 0044 - 5231 - 00073","Chang, M. L. Y. (1933) On the salamanders of Chekiang. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China. Zoological Series, 9, 305 - 328.","Goldschmidt, T. & Koehler, G. (2007) New species of the Hygrobates salamandrarum - group (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) from SE-Asia. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 246, 73 - 89. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2007.01.001","Stuart, B. L. & Papenfuss, T. J. (2002) A new salamander of the genus Paramesotriton (Caudata: Salamandridae) from Laos. Journal of Herpetology, 36, 145 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.1670 / 0022 - 1511 (2002) 036 [0145: ANSOTG] 2.0. CO; 2","Bourret, R. (1934) Notes herpetologiques sur l'Indochine francaise. VI. Sur diverses collections de serpents appartenants a l'Universite de Hanoi. VII. Une salamandre nouvelle vivant au Tonkin. Annexe au Bulletin General de l'Instruction Publique. Hanoi, 1934, 83 - 84.","Huang, Z. - Y., Tang, Z. - Y. & Tang, Z. - M. (1983) A new species of the genus Trituroides from Guangxi, China. Acta Herpetologica Sinica / Liangqi baxing dongwu yanjiu. New Series. Chengdu, 2 (2), 37 - 39.","Myers, G. S. & Leviton, A. E. (1962) The Hong Kong newt described as a new species. Occasional Papers. Division Of Systematic Biology, Stanford University, 10, 1 - 4.","Yuan, Z. - Y., Zhao, H. - P., Jiang, K., Hou, M., He, L., Murphy, R. W. & Che, J. (2014) Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Paramesotriton (Caudata: Salamandridae) with the description of a new species from Qixiling Nature Reserve, Jiangxi, southeastern China and a key to the species. Asian Herpetological Research, 5, 67 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.3724 / SP. J. 1245.2014.00067","Wu, Y. - K., Jiang, K. & Hanken, J. (2010) A new species of newt of the genus Paramesotriton (Salamandridae) from southwestern Guangdong, China, with a new northern record of P. longliensis from western Hubei. Zootaxa, 2494 (1), 45 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2494.1.3","Nishikawa, K., Jiang, J. - P., Matsui, M. & Mo, Y. - M. (2011) Unmasking Pachytriton labiatus (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae), with description of a new species of Pachytriton from Guangxi, China. Zoological Science, 28 (6), 453 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zsj. 28.453"]}

Hygrobates (Lurchibates) malosimilis sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0022, parasitic on Pachytriton inexpectatus (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae); newt was collected in China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Mt. Dayao 24°06’27’’ N, 110°13’52’’ E, 1210 m a.s.l. on September 10 th 2008, preserved in 70% ethanol; mite was attached to the hindlimb of the newt (CIB GX20081008). Distribution: The only specimen of H. (L.) malosimilis sp. nov. was collected from Pachytriton inexpectatus from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. The new species is at maximum limited to the same distribution as its host, which is so far known from Eastern Guizhou, southwestern and southern Hunan, extreme northwestern Guangdong, and northern and eastern Guangxi, China. Derivatio nominis: malosimilis; derived from malum (Latin = apple) and similis (Latin = similar); named for the apple-shaped male genital field. Diagnosis (only male): Idiosoma relatively small; anterior coxal group narrow, very slender, basally of intermediate width (compared to most other species of the subgenus), regularly rounded; posterior coxal group medially pointed, very irregular triangular; male genital field apple-shaped; palp relatively compact, P-3 ventro-distally with a patch of denticles, P-4 relatively short, slightly curved, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 blunt, flat cone-shaped, large distal claws of different size (medial smaller), smaller one slender; cheliceral claw curved, extended in distal half. Description, Male (n = 1): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.23, L/W 684/558; fused anterior coxae of both sides slender, narrow triangular, Cx-I + II L/W 264/324, ratio 0.81, secondary sclerotization at medio-posterior margin rather small (posteriorly forming a regular curve, lateral apodemes oriented towards antero-lateral); Cx-I basal width 139, gnathosoma slender, posteriorly only slightly and regularly converging, lateral separation posteriorly only reaching slightly more than half the length of anterior coxal group, widely fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, anterior tip of gnathosoma slightly projecting, anterior margin straight to concave (Fig. 20); posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + Cx-IV of one side) L/W 222/174, anterior and posterior coxal groups laterally very close, medially diverging; posterior coxae irregularly triangular, medial edges pointed, formed by Cx-IV only, anterior and posterior margin heavily undulating, lateral margin slightly undulating, nearly parallel to longitudinal axis (Fig. 20); genital field apple-shaped, anteriorly nose-like pointed, posteriorly with broad, deep, apically rounded indentation, with 17 pairs of setae irregularly arranged at outer margin and laterally beneath elongate-oval genital opening (Fig. 20), genital field L/W 162/210; Ac-1 irregularly drop-shaped, L/W 63/31, Ac-2 lenticular, L/W 77/32, Ac-3 irregularly rectangular drop-shaped, L/W 70/42; genital skeleton partly distorted, L/W 207/150 as far as visible brachia distalia strong, brachia proximalia strong, parallel to longitudinal axis (Fig. 21); all legs slender (especially segments 4–6), bearing several heavy setae, mainly distally at most segments (Figs. 22–25); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5 186/40, I-leg-6 158/38; II-leg-5 198/42, II-leg-6 180/42; III-leg-5 216/43, III-leg-6 200/42; IV-leg-3 148/50, IV-leg-5, 228)/41, IV-leg-6 212/40; chelicerae very strong, with a relatively short, high basal segment and mid-sized basal groove; cheliceral claws very heavy, strongly curved, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal half extended, with strong serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 26, 27); palps relatively compact (Figs. 28, 29), P-2 dorsally regularly curved, ventral margin slightly concave, without denticles, ventro-distal corner of P- 3 rounded, distal half with small field of denticles, P-4 relatively short, slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae near ventro-distal corner, distal margin convex, rotated ventrally, P-5 with a well developed, blunt cone-shaped ventro-distal projection, dorso-distal seta relatively slender, distal claws clearly different, medial one slender, slightly curved, lateral one clearly stronger, nearly rectangularly hooked; mouthpart measurements: Chelicera total L 342, H 104, L/H ratio 3.3, basal segment L 254, claw L 160, basal segment/claw ratio 1.6; curvation of cheliceral claw 30°, palp total L 376, L/H P-1 33/61, P-2 110/82, P-3 73/67, P-4 118/49, P-5 42/38. Female (unknown), Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F., Pfingstl, Tobias, Jiang, Jian-Ping & Shimano, Satoshi, 2021, Systematics, distribution and morphology of the newt parasitic water mites of the subgenus Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011 (Acari, Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae, Hygrobates Koch, 1837), including the description of four new species and a key to all so far known species, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4985 (1) on pages 8-10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4929035

Hygrobates (Lurchibates) incognitus sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype female, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0023, parasitic on Paramesotriton guangxiensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae); newt was collected in China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Ningming (mites were collected from unnumbered voucher specimens stored in the CIB collection, without detailed geographic information), preserved in 70% ethanol; mite was attached to the axilla and groin of the newt (CIB 200404064). Paratypes: Two females CIB INV 0024, same newt specimen than holotype; CIB INV 0025, same collecting data, different newt specimen (CIB 200404060). Distribution: All specimens of H. (L.) incognitus sp. nov. were collected from Paramesotriton guangxiensis. The new species is probably limited to the same distribution as its host (southern Guangxi, China and northeastern Cao Bang Province, Vietnam (Frost 2021)). Derivatio nominis: incognitus (Latin = unknown, not visible, unexpected); referring to the fact that this species in the molecular analysis (28S) could not be separated from macrochela sp. nov.. Diagnosis: Coxal field relatively broad; gnathosoma anterior heavily curved; female genital plates broad kidney-shaped, flanking posterior 4/5 of genital opening; P-4 relatively slender, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 large, blunt cone-shaped; cheliceral claw relatively curved, slender. Description, Male: Unknown. Description, Female (n = 3): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.43 (1.40), L/W 1680 (1344)/1176 (960); fused anterior coxae of both sides elongated, triangular, Cx-I + II L/W 432 (360–400)/636 (564–582), ratio 0.68 (0.62–0.71), medio-posterior margin only slightly extended by secondary sclerotization, posteriorly convex, lateral extension straight, pointing postero-laterally, Cx-I basal width 228 (209–212); gnathosoma anteriorly heavily curved, broad, rounded tips far projecting, lateral margin with Cx-I posteriorly clearly converging (Fig. 30); anterior and posterior coxal groups laterally clearly separated, medially diverging; posterior coxae far separated, inclined heart-shaped, antero-medial margin curved, medial edges nose-shaped projecting, formed by Cx-IV only, Cx-IV nearly rectangular, posterior margin transverse, lateral margin convex (Fig. 30), posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + Cx-IV of one side) L/W 354 (318–322)/341 (294–306); genital field overall broad oval, acetabular plates broad kidney-shaped, slightly inclined to lateral, flanking 4/5 of genital opening, pre- and postgenitale laying completely under integument, genital field L/W 258 (234–252)/378 (336–342), single genital plate L/W 174 (178–188)/102 (92–94); acetabula of similar size, irregular oval, Ac-2 and Ac-3 laying beside each other, L/W Ac-1 76 (79–82)/43 (41–42), Ac-2 82 (82–85)/46 (41–48), Ac-3 89 (83–84)/40 (49–51), 18/20 (20/18, 20/22) setae of similar size on anterior, lateral and posterior margin of each plate, antero-medial of the plates 4/3 (2/3, 3/4), postero-medial 3/0 (0, 1/1) additional setae in the soft integument beside the pre- and postgenital sclerites (see Fig. 30); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae, especially dorso-distally at basal segments (Figs. 31–35); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5 325 (322–325)/54 (54), I-leg-6 266 (240–258)/50 (49–50); II-leg-5 342 (342–346)/54 (54– 55), II-leg-6 276 (259–270)/54 (52–54); III-leg-5 378 (372–384)/56 (58–60), III-leg-6 312 (300–312)/54 (54–55); IV-leg-3 236 (236–242)/72 (67–68), IV-leg-5 396 (396–414)/58 (54), IV-leg-6 354 (342–355)/52 (53); chelicerae strong; cheliceral claws very large, curved, distally sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal half with strong serration continuing proximally in a lateral serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 36, 37); palps strong, relatively slender (Figs. 38–40), ventral margin of P-2 very slightly concave (sharp bend in Fig. 38 probably misshapen), antero-ventral corner with single denticles (in some specimens none), P-3 ventrally straight to slightly convex with loose field of denticles in distal 2/3, P-4 relatively long and slender, slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal fourth; P-5 with a blunt, cone-shaped ventro-proximal projection, dorso-distally with a compact, denticle-like distal claw, distally with a pair of large, strong, similar, ventrally-buckled claws; mouthpart measurements: Chelicera H 151 (basal part in all specimens broken), claw L 261, curvation of cheliceral claw 26°; palp total L 617 (604–616), L/H P-1 71 (61–63)/87 (85–87), P-2 161 (165–169)/99 (96–101), P-3 122 (118–122)/87 (87–92), P-4 212 (204–212)/76 (63–68), P-5 52 (52–54)/45 (54–56)., Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F., Pfingstl, Tobias, Jiang, Jian-Ping & Shimano, Satoshi, 2021, Systematics, distribution and morphology of the newt parasitic water mites of the subgenus Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011 (Acari, Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae, Hygrobates Koch, 1837), including the description of four new species and a key to all so far known species, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4985 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4929035, {"references":["Frost, D. R. (2021) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1 (Date of access). Electronic Database. American Museum of Natural History, New York. Available from: https: // amphibiansoftheworld. amnh. org / index. php."]}

Hygrobates (Lurchibates) fragmentarius sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Unfortunately the only specimen of this new species is severely damaged, nevertheless the few morphological data as well as the molecular information (28S) clearly demonstrate that it’s a new species. Even though, a complete species description is not possible, we are giving all available information here. Material examined: Fragment of unknown sex, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0026, parasitic on Paramesotriton yunwuensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae); newt was collected in China, Guangdong (mite was collected from unnumbered voucher specimen stored in the CIB collection, without detailed geographic information) preserved in 70% ethanol; mite was attached to the groin of the newt. Distribution: The only specimen of H. fragmentarius sp. nov. was collected from Paramesotriton yunwuensis. The new species is probably limited to the same distribution as its host, southwestern Guangdong Province, China (Wu et al., 2010). Derivatio nominis: fragmentarius (Latin = fragmented, fragmentary); referring to the poor condition of the only available specimen. Diagnosis: Anterior coxal group very slender; gnathosoma anterior heavily curved; palp strong and slender; P-4 relatively slender, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 large, blunt cone-shaped; cheliceral claw relatively curved. Description, Sex unknown (n = 1): Idiosoma heavily damaged; fused anterior coxae of both sides elongated, triangular, Cx-I + II L/W 366/492, ratio 0.74, medio-posterior margin clearly extended by secondary sclerotization, posteriorly narrow rounded, postero-lateral extension slightly hook-shaped, Cx-I basal width 122, ratio Cx-I L/Cx-I basal width 3.0; gnathosoma anteriorly heavily curved, rounded tips far projecting, lateral margin with Cx-I posteriorly clearly converging, connection with posterior part of Cx-I narrow; gnathosoma and Cx-I anteriorly separated by deep indentation (Fig. 41); chelicerae strong; cheliceral claws very large, curved, distally sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal half with strong serration that continues proximally in a lateral serration, medially and laterally striated, basal part with long ventral groove (Figs. 42, 43); palps strong, relatively slender (Fig. 44), ventral margin of P-2 straight, without denticles, P-3 ventrally straight with field of denticles in distal 2/3, P-4 relatively long and slender, slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal fourth; P-5 with a blunt, cone-shaped ventro-proximal projection, dorso-distally with a compact, denticle-like distal claw, distally with a pair of large, strong, similar, ventrally curved claws; mouthpart measurements: Chelicera L 442, H 122, basal segment L 287, claw L 202, curvation of cheliceral claw 26°; palp total L 556, L/H P-1 52/69, P-2 148 /96, P-3 110/63, P-4 194/61, P-5 52/54. Remarks on the new species described above: Hygrobates (Lurchibates) macrochela sp. nov. and H. (L.) malosimilis sp. nov. are very similar in the shape of the palp and especially the very characteristic heavy, distally thickened cheliceral claw, separating them from all other Lurchibates species (Figs. 7–10, 16–19, 26–29). They are clearly separated from each other in the shape of the male genital field: Wider in H. (L.) macrochela (Fig. 1), rather narrow in H. (L.) malosimilis (Fig. 20); and the shape of the anterior coxal group: Slightly more slender in H. (L.) macrochela, wider in H. (L.) malosimilis (Cx-I L/basal W 1.5 –1.8 in H. (L.) macrochela, 1.9 in H. (L.) malosimilis; Cx-I+II L/ W 0.67 –0.75 in H. (L.) macrochela, 0.81 in H. (L.) malosimilis). The narrow anterior coxal group (Fig. 20) is as well separating H. (L.) malosimilis from all other species of the subgenus (Cx-I+II L/ W 0.81 in H. (L.) malosimilis, 0.62–0.77 in all other species). Hygrobates (Lurchibates) incognitus sp. nov. unfortunately so far is only known in the female, nevertheless the species can clearly be separated from the other known species of Lurchibates by the shape of their mouthparts and genital field: H. (L.) incognitus is bearing a relatively slender, “normal” palp (P-4 L/H 2.8–3.3), whereas H. (L.) salamandrarum (P-4 L/H 2.1) and H. (L.) robustipalpis (P-4 L/H 2.5–2.6) are characterized by rather compact palps; H. (L.) ancistrophorus has a unique palp with P-5 missing the ventro-distal cone which is present in all other species of the subgenus. H. (L.) incognitus has large and strongly curved cheliceral claws, but these are not distally thickened, as they are in H. (L.) macrochela and H. (L.) malosimilis; Furthermore the cheliceral claw is relatively straight (claw curve 19–21°) in H. (L.) aloisii, H. (L.) intermedius and H. (L.) forcipifer, as well as in H. (L.) macrochela and H. (L.) malosimilis, whereas the cheliceral claw is more curved (claw curve 26–27°) in H. (L.) incognitus, H. (L.) pilosus (Figs. 36, 37) and H. (L.) fragmentarius sp. nov. (Figs. 42, 43). Moreover, in H. (L.) incognitus the acetabular plates are rather kidney-shaped, small, posteriorly not extending beyond the post-genital sclerite, the arrangement of the acetabula is rather triangular (Ac-3 beside Ac-2), there are three to four setae laying free in the integument antero-medial to the acetabular plates (Fig. 30); in contrast, in females of H. (L.) macrochela the crescent-shaped acetabular plates are slightly extending beyond the post-genital sclerite, the acetabula are forming an arc (Ac-3 clearly posterior to Ac-2), there are no setae antero-medial to the acetabular plates (Fig. 11); in H. (L.) pilosus and H. (L.) forcipifer the acetabular plates are as well not reaching beyond the post-genital sclerite, but in these species the acetabula are rather forming an arc; in H. (L.) aloisii and H. (L.) intermedius the acetabular plates are – as in H. (L.) incognitus – rather kidney-shaped, small, but they are shifted posteriorly, at least reaching the posterior end of the post-genital sclerite. Even though the only specimen of Hygrobates (Lurchibates) fragmentarius sp. nov. is heavily broken and fragmented, the species is clearly separated from all other so far known species of the subgenus by very long and slender gnathosoma and anterior coxae (Fig. 41), especially Cx-I is basally very narrow (Cx-I L/basal W 3.0 vs. 1.5–2.8 in other species); the palps are slender, especially P-3 (L/H 1.8 vs. 0.9–1.4 in all other species)., Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F., Pfingstl, Tobias, Jiang, Jian-Ping & Shimano, Satoshi, 2021, Systematics, distribution and morphology of the newt parasitic water mites of the subgenus Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011 (Acari, Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae, Hygrobates Koch, 1837), including the description of four new species and a key to all so far known species, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4985 (1) on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4929035, {"references":["Wu, Y. - K., Jiang, K. & Hanken, J. (2010) A new species of newt of the genus Paramesotriton (Salamandridae) from southwestern Guangdong, China, with a new northern record of P. longliensis from western Hubei. Zootaxa, 2494 (1), 45 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2494.1.3"]}

Hygrobates (Lurchibates) malosimilis sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0022, parasitic on Pachytriton inexpectatus (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae); newt was collected in China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Mt. Dayao 24°06’27’’ N, 110°13’52’’ E, 1210 m a.s.l. on September 10 th 2008, preserved in 70% ethanol; mite was attached to the hindlimb of the newt (CIB GX20081008). Distribution: The only specimen of H. (L.) malosimilis sp. nov. was collected from Pachytriton inexpectatus from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. The new species is at maximum limited to the same distribution as its host, which is so far known from Eastern Guizhou, southwestern and southern Hunan, extreme northwestern Guangdong, and northern and eastern Guangxi, China. Derivatio nominis: malosimilis; derived from malum (Latin = apple) and similis (Latin = similar); named for the apple-shaped male genital field. Diagnosis (only male): Idiosoma relatively small; anterior coxal group narrow, very slender, basally of intermediate width (compared to most other species of the subgenus), regularly rounded; posterior coxal group medially pointed, very irregular triangular; male genital field apple-shaped; palp relatively compact, P-3 ventro-distally with a patch of denticles, P-4 relatively short, slightly curved, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 blunt, flat cone-shaped, large distal claws of different size (medial smaller), smaller one slender; cheliceral claw curved, extended in distal half. Description, Male (n = 1): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.23, L/W 684/558; fused anterior coxae of both sides slender, narrow triangular, Cx-I + II L/W 264/324, ratio 0.81, secondary sclerotization at medio-posterior margin rather small (posteriorly forming a regular curve, lateral apodemes oriented towards antero-lateral); Cx-I basal width 139, gnathosoma slender, posteriorly only slightly and regularly converging, lateral separation posteriorly only reaching slightly more than half the length of anterior coxal group, widely fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, anterior tip of gnathosoma slightly projecting, anterior margin straight to concave (Fig. 20); posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + Cx-IV of one side) L/W 222/174, anterior and posterior coxal groups laterally very close, medially diverging; posterior coxae irregularly triangular, medial edges pointed, formed by Cx-IV only, anterior and posterior margin heavily undulating, lateral margin slightly undulating, nearly parallel to longitudinal axis (Fig. 20); genital field apple-shaped, anteriorly nose-like pointed, posteriorly with broad, deep, apically rounded indentation, with 17 pairs of setae irregularly arranged at outer margin and laterally beneath elongate-oval genital opening (Fig. 20), genital field L/W 162/210; Ac-1 irregularly drop-shaped, L/W 63/31, Ac-2 lenticular, L/W 77/32, Ac-3 irregularly rectangular drop-shaped, L/W 70/42; genital skeleton partly distorted, L/W 207/150 as far as visible brachia distalia strong, brachia proximalia strong, parallel to longitudinal axis (Fig. 21); all legs slender (especially segments 4–6), bearing several heavy setae, mainly distally at most segments (Figs. 22–25); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5 186/40, I-leg-6 158/38; II-leg-5 198/42, II-leg-6 180/42; III-leg-5 216/43, III-leg-6 200/42; IV-leg-3 148/50, IV-leg-5, 228)/41, IV-leg-6 212/40; chelicerae very strong, with a relatively short, high basal segment and mid-sized basal groove; cheliceral claws very heavy, strongly curved, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal half extended, with strong serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 26, 27); palps relatively compact (Figs. 28, 29), P-2 dorsally regularly curved, ventral margin slightly concave, without denticles, ventro-distal corner of P- 3 rounded, distal half with small field of denticles, P-4 relatively short, slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae near ventro-distal corner, distal margin convex, rotated ventrally, P-5 with a well developed, blunt cone-shaped ventro-distal projection, dorso-distal seta relatively slender, distal claws clearly different, medial one slender, slightly curved, lateral one clearly stronger, nearly rectangularly hooked; mouthpart measurements: Chelicera total L 342, H 104, L/H ratio 3.3, basal segment L 254, claw L 160, basal segment/claw ratio 1.6; curvation of cheliceral claw 30°, palp total L 376, L/H P-1 33/61, P-2 110/82, P-3 73/67, P-4 118/49, P-5 42/38. Female (unknown)

Subgenus Hygrobates (Lurchibates) Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011 Diagnosis: Integument fine, irregularly striated, glandularia little sclerotized, lateral eyes not in capsules; genital field with 3 pairs of acetabula; excretory pore with very weak sclerotization; legs without swimming hairs, I-leg-5 ventro-distally with a pair of strong setae, I-leg-6 straight; gnathosoma large, posteriorly broadly fused to the anterocoxal plate; cheliceral claws extremely large, with dorsal margin distally curved and serrated, proximally concave; palpus robust, P-2 without projection, P-3 ventrally smooth or denticulate, P-5 short, compact and formed like a grasping organ due to the presence of a proximo-ventral extension (flat to extended, pointed) and two strong, curved distal claws. There is a clear sexual dimorphism in the shape of the genital field (for details see Goldschmidt & Fu 2011)., Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F., Pfingstl, Tobias, Jiang, Jian-Ping & Shimano, Satoshi, 2021, Systematics, distribution and morphology of the newt parasitic water mites of the subgenus Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011 (Acari, Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae, Hygrobates Koch, 1837), including the description of four new species and a key to all so far known species, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4985 (1) on page 3, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4929035, {"references":["Goldschmidt, T. & Fu, V. (2011) Description of Hygrobates aloisii sp. nov. from Hong Kong, a new species Hygrobates (Lurchibates) subgen. nov. (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), with data on the parasite - host relationship to the Hong Kong Newt Paramesotriton hongkongensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 250, 19 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2010.10.002"]}

Hygrobates (Lurchibates) macrochela sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0017, parasitic on Pachytriton inexpectatus (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae); newt was collected in China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan 24°08’1’’ N, 110°11’5.9’’ E, 1140 m a.s.l. on October 10 th 2008, preserved in 70% ethanol; mite was attached to the fingers of the newt (CIB GX20081028). Paratypes (as well parasitic on Pachytriton inexpectatus): Two males (CIB INV 0019, 0020) from fingers and toes of the same newt (CIB GX20081028), two females (CIB INV 0018) from left hindlimb of the newt (CIB 200712004) collected in China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Ziyuan, Maoershan 25°54’44.3’’ N, 110°27’55.8’’ E, 1651 m a.s.l. on December 12 th 2007 and (CIB INV 0021) from fore- or hindlimb of the newt (CIB GX20081003) collected at same locality as holotype on October 9 th 2008. Distribution: All specimens of H. (L.) macrochela sp. nov. were recorded on Pachytriton inexpectatus from China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. The new species is at maximum limited to the same distribution as its host, which is so far known from Eastern Guizhou, southwestern and southern Hunan, extreme northwestern Guangdong, and northern and eastern Guangxi, China (Fig. 54). Derivatio nominis: macrochela; a combination of the words macro, derived from μακρός (makrós) (Greek = large) and chela, χηλή (Greek = claw); named for the fact that the cheliceral claws of the new species are the most massive within the species of Lurchibates. Diagnosis: Anterior coxal group basally broad (compared to most other species of the subgenus), posterior coxal group medially rounded, therefore irregular triangular; male genital field broad apple-shaped, surrounded by rather few setae; female genital plates crescent-shaped, about same length as genital opening (slightly shifted to posterior); palp relatively compact, P-3 ventrally with rather large field of denticles, covering distal half of segment, P-4 relatively short, curved, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 blunt, cone-shaped, large distal claws slightly different in size, small one slender; cheliceral claw curved, characteristically extended in distal half. Description, Male (n = 3): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.33 (1.19–1.24), L/W 864 (624–756)/648 (504–636); fused anterior coxae of both sides slightly elongate (Cx-I + II L/W 276 (256–264)/378 (372–382), ratio 0.73 (0.67–0.71)), medio-posterior margin convex, postero-laterally extended by secondary sclerotization (lateral tips small, not reaching medial margin of Cx-III/IV), Cx-I basal broad, W 155 (157–162), Cx-I L/basal W 1.78 (1.62–1.63); gnathosoma broad, posteriorly clearly converging, widely fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, anterior margin of gnathosoma curved (Fig. 1); posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + IV of one side) L/W 216 (229–233)/204 (168–199), laterally closely approached to anterior plates (Cx-II postero-laterally overlapping antero-lateral corners of Cx-III), medially clearly diverging from anterior coxae, medial edges rounded, pointing towards anterior, formed by Cx-IV only, antero-medial and posterior margin irregular curved, Cx-III antero-laterally extended, lateral margin straight, Cx-IV compact, lateral margin convex (Fig. 1); genital field broad apple-shaped (genital plates and pre- and postgenitale seamless fused), anterior with small indentations between fused acetabular plates and pregenitale, posterior with deep, broad rhombic indentation (Ac-2 and Ac-3 posteriorly far extending beyond postgenitale), genital opening elongated-oval, margins nearly straight, genital field L/W 174 (170–180)/246 (240–256); acetabula irregular oval-drop-shaped (Ac-3 kidney-shaped), L/W Ac-1 70 (64–73)/34 (37–40), Ac-2 86 (83–89)/33 (31–34), Ac-3 92 (72–80)/42 (39–42), 17 (19–22) setae (of different size) on each side of plate, irregularly arranged at the margins of the genital plate (Fig. 1); excretory pore slit-shaped; genital skeleton L/W (200–207)/(143–153), compact (L/W ratio (1.35–1.39), shape typical for the subgenus, brachia distalia strong, slightly curved, brachia proximalia strong, distally broadened, parallel to longitudinal axis (Fig. 2); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae (Figs. 3–6); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5 186 (198)/42 (42), I-leg-6 176 (174)/40 (40); II-leg-5 204 (211–220)/42 (44–46), II-leg-6 188 (190–192)/41 (42); III-leg-5 222 (234–240)/47 (44–48), III-leg-6 204 (210–214)/42 (36–44); IV-leg-3 152 (162–172)/65 (54–58), IV-leg-5 229 (244–246)/48 (42– 48), IV-leg-6 216 (222–224)/42 (41–42); chelicerae very strong, with a compact basal segment and short basal groove; cheliceral claws very heavy, strongly curved, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal half extended, with strong serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 7, 8); palps strong, rather compact (Figs. 9, 10), dorsal margin of P-2 regularly curved, ventrally without denticles, P-3 ventrally straight with a small field of pointed denticles in the distal half, P-4 relatively short and curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal third, distal margin curved; P- 5 with a well developed, blunt cone-shaped ventro-distal projection, dorso-distally P-5 bearing one small, relatively slender distal claw and distally a pair of clearly different, large, strong, pointed, slightly curved claws (medial claws clearly more slender than lateral ones); mouthpart measurements: Chelicera total L 372 (378), H 108 (113–114), L/ H ratio 3.44 (3.35), basal segment L 255 (261), claw L 162 (174–176), basal segment/claw ratio 1.6 (1.5); curvation of cheliceral claw 30° (30°); palp total L 381 (411–414), L/H P-1 35 (33–35)/61 (66–67), P-2 116 (132)/92 (92–94), P-3 71 (78–80)/74 (79–81), P-4 119 (125–127)/49 (52–56), P-5 40 (42)/38 (39–40). Description, Female (n = 2): Idiosoma similar to male, larger, L/W 882–960/600–672, less rounded (L/W ratio 1.43–1.47); unpaired anterior coxal group slightly more compact, basally broader than in males (Cx-I + II L/W 312–342/444–456, ratio 0.70–0.75), basal width Cx-I 197–202; medio- and latero-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization, lateral apodemes slightly larger than in males, more hook-shaped; gnathosoma broadly fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, lateral margins straight, posterior converging, anterior margin slightly convex, nearly straight; coxal groups slightly further separated than in males, laterally not overlapping (Fig. 11); posterior coxal groups similar to males, L/W 258–276/216–222, roughly triangular in shape, medial margin formed by Cx-IV (Fig. 11); genital field with strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale, genital plates well distant from each other, separated by soft integument, crescent- to kidney-shaped, anteriorly and posteriorly rounded, about as long as genital opening, however slightly shifted to posterior, total genital field L/W 204–206/306–312, individual genital plate L/W 162–169/73; Ac-1 irregularly-oval, L/W 64–66/36–39, Ac-2 elongated-oval, L/W 83–89/36–42, Ac-3 irregularly triangular, apically pointed, L/W 66–70/57–66); 18–21 setae arranged mainly at the anterior and posterior margins of the genital plates (Fig. 11); egg diameter 150, number of eggs five to 53 (four ovigerous females are not part of the type series); legs similar to males, slightly more slender (Figs. 12–15); measurements of distal leg segments: L/H I-leg-5 228–235/44–52, I-leg-6 180–198/32–42; II-leg-5 246–252/48–52, II-leg-6 196–210/42–43; III-leg-5 264–281/50–55, III-leg-6 228–240/42–44; IV-leg-3 186–187/62–66, IV-leg-5 274–294/42–48, IV-leg-6 246–252/42–42; chelicerae of similar shape as in males, slightly larger (Figs. 16, 17); palps similar to males, slightly less compact (Figs. 18, 19); mouthpart measurements: Chelicera total L 468–511, H 138–144, L/H ratio 3.4–3.6, basal segment L 315–355, claw L 212–244, basal segment/claw ratio 1.5; cheliceral claw curve 30–31°; palp total L 472–501, L/H P-1 40–42/80–82, P-2 155–165/106–115, P-3 78–89/89–96, P-4 146–157/59–66, P-5 49–52/47., Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F., Pfingstl, Tobias, Jiang, Jian-Ping & Shimano, Satoshi, 2021, Systematics, distribution and morphology of the newt parasitic water mites of the subgenus Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011 (Acari, Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae, Hygrobates Koch, 1837), including the description of four new species and a key to all so far known species, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4985 (1) on pages 3-7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4929035

Hygrobates (Lurchibates) macrochela sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0017, parasitic on Pachytriton inexpectatus (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae); newt was collected in China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan 24°08’1’’ N, 110°11’5.9’’ E, 1140 m a.s.l. on October 10 th 2008, preserved in 70% ethanol; mite was attached to the fingers of the newt (CIB GX20081028). Paratypes (as well parasitic on Pachytriton inexpectatus): Two males (CIB INV 0019, 0020) from fingers and toes of the same newt (CIB GX20081028), two females (CIB INV 0018) from left hindlimb of the newt (CIB 200712004) collected in China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Ziyuan, Maoershan 25°54’44.3’’ N, 110°27’55.8’’ E, 1651 m a.s.l. on December 12 th 2007 and (CIB INV 0021) from fore- or hindlimb of the newt (CIB GX20081003) collected at same locality as holotype on October 9 th 2008. Distribution: All specimens of H. (L.) macrochela sp. nov. were recorded on Pachytriton inexpectatus from China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. The new species is at maximum limited to the same distribution as its host, which is so far known from Eastern Guizhou, southwestern and southern Hunan, extreme northwestern Guangdong, and northern and eastern Guangxi, China (Fig. 54). Derivatio nominis: macrochela; a combination of the words macro, derived from μακρός (makrós) (Greek = large) and chela, χηλή (Greek = claw); named for the fact that the cheliceral claws of the new species are the most massive within the species of Lurchibates. Diagnosis: Anterior coxal group basally broad (compared to most other species of the subgenus), posterior coxal group medially rounded, therefore irregular triangular; male genital field broad apple-shaped, surrounded by rather few setae; female genital plates crescent-shaped, about same length as genital opening (slightly shifted to posterior); palp relatively compact, P-3 ventrally with rather large field of denticles, covering distal half of segment, P-4 relatively short, curved, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 blunt, cone-shaped, large distal claws slightly different in size, small one slender; cheliceral claw curved, characteristically extended in distal half. Description, Male (n = 3): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.33 (1.19–1.24), L/W 864 (624–756)/648 (504–636); fused anterior coxae of both sides slightly elongate (Cx-I + II L/W 276 (256–264)/378 (372–382), ratio 0.73 (0.67–0.71)), medio-posterior margin convex, postero-laterally extended by secondary sclerotization (lateral tips small, not reaching medial margin of Cx-III/IV), Cx-I basal broad, W 155 (157–162), Cx-I L/basal W 1.78 (1.62–1.63); gnathosoma broad, posteriorly clearly converging, widely fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, anterior margin of gnathosoma curved (Fig. 1); posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + IV of one side) L/W 216 (229–233)/204 (168–199), laterally closely approached to anterior plates (Cx-II postero-laterally overlapping antero-lateral corners of Cx-III), medially clearly diverging from anterior coxae, medial edges rounded, pointing towards anterior, formed by Cx-IV only, antero-medial and posterior margin irregular curved, Cx-III antero-laterally extended, lateral margin straight, Cx-IV compact, lateral margin convex (Fig. 1); genital field broad apple-shaped (genital plates and pre- and postgenitale seamless fused), anterior with small indentations between fused acetabular plates and pregenitale, posterior with deep, broad rhombic indentation (Ac-2 and Ac-3 posteriorly far extending beyond postgenitale), genital opening elongated-oval, margins nearly straight, genital field L/W 174 (170–180)/246 (240–256); acetabula irregular oval-drop-shaped (Ac-3 kidney-shaped), L/W Ac-1 70 (64–73)/34 (37–40), Ac-2 86 (83–89)/33 (31–34), Ac-3 92 (72–80)/42 (39–42), 17 (19–22) setae (of different size) on each side of plate, irregularly arranged at the margins of the genital plate (Fig. 1); excretory pore slit-shaped; genital skeleton L/W (200–207)/(143–153), compact (L/W ratio (1.35–1.39), shape typical for the subgenus, brachia distalia strong, slightly curved, brachia proximalia strong, distally broadened, parallel to longitudinal axis (Fig. 2); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae (Figs. 3–6); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5 186 (198)/42 (42), I-leg-6 176 (174)/40 (40); II-leg-5 204 (211–220)/42 (44–46), II-leg-6 188 (190–192)/41 (42); III-leg-5 222 (234–240)/47 (44–48), III-leg-6 204 (210–214)/42 (36–44); IV-leg-3 152 (162–172)/65 (54–58), IV-leg-5 229 (244–246)/48 (42– 48), IV-leg-6 216 (222–224)/42 (41–42); chelicerae very strong, with a compact basal segment and short basal groove; cheliceral claws very heavy, strongly curved, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal half extended, with strong serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 7, 8); palps strong, rather compact (Figs. 9, 10), dorsal margin of P-2 regularly curved, ventrally without denticles, P-3 ventrally straight with a small field of pointed denticles in the distal half, P-4 relatively short and curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal third, distal margin curved; P- 5 with a well developed, blunt cone-shaped ventro-distal projection, dorso-distally P-5 bearing one small, relatively slender distal claw and distally a pair of clearly different, large, strong, pointed, slightly curved claws (medial claws clearly more slender than lateral ones); mouthpart measurements: Chelicera total L 372 (378), H 108 (113–114), L/ H ratio 3.44 (3.35), basal segment L 255 (261), claw L 162 (174–176), basal segment/claw ratio 1.6 (1.5); curvation of cheliceral claw 30° (30°); palp total L 381 (411–414), L/H P-1 35 (33–35)/61 (66–67), P-2 116 (132)/92 (92–94), P-3 71 (78–80)/74 (79–81), P-4 119 (125–127)/49 (52–56), P-5 40 (42)/38 (39–40). Description, Female (n = 2): Idiosoma similar to male, larger, L/W 882–960/600–672, less rounded (L/W ratio 1.43–1.47); unpaired anterior coxal group slightly more compact, basally broader than in males (Cx-I + II L/W 312–342/444–456, ratio 0.70–0.75), basal width Cx-I 197–202; medio- and latero-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization, lateral apodemes slightly larger than in males, more hook-shaped; gnathosoma broadly fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, lateral margins straight, posterior converging, anterior margin slightly convex, nearly straight; coxal groups slightly further separated than in males, laterally not overlapping (Fig. 11); posterior coxal groups similar to males, L/W 258–276/216–222, roughly triangular in shape, medial margin formed by Cx-IV (Fig. 11); genital field with strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale, genital plates well distant from each other, separated by soft integument, crescent- to kidney-shaped, anteriorly and posteriorly rounded, about as long as genital opening, however slightly shifted to posterior, total genital field L/W 204–206/306–312, individual genital plate L/W 162–169/73; Ac-1 irregularly-oval, L/W 64–66/36–39, Ac-2 elongated-oval, L/W 83–89/36–42, Ac-3 irregularly triangular, apically pointed, L/W 66–70/57–66); 18–21 setae arranged mainly at the anterior and posterior margins of the genital plates (Fig. 11); egg diameter 150, number of eggs five to 53 (four ovigerous females are not part of the type series); legs similar to males, slightly more slender (Figs. 12–15); measurements of distal leg segments: L/H I-leg-5 228–235/44–52, I-leg-6 180–198/32–42; II-leg-5 246–252/48–52, II-leg-6 196–210/42–43; III-leg-5 264–281/50–55, III-leg-6 228–240/42–44; IV-leg-3 186–187/62–66, IV-leg-5 274–294/42–48, IV-leg-6 246–252/42–42; chelicerae of similar shape as in males, slightly larger (Figs. 16, 17); palps similar to males, slightly less compact (Figs. 18, 19); mouthpart measurements: Chelicera total L 468–511, H 138–144, L/H ratio 3.4–3.6, basal segment L 315–355, claw L 212–244, basal segment/claw ratio 1.5; cheliceral claw curve 30–31°; palp total L 472–501, L/H P-1 40–42/80–82, P-2 155–165/106–115, P-3 78–89/89–96, P-4 146–157/59–66, P-5 49–52/47.

Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F., Pfingstl, Tobias, Jiang, Jian-Ping, Shimano, Satoshi (2021): Systematics, distribution and morphology of the newt parasitic water mites of the subgenus Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011 (Acari, Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae, Hygrobates Koch, 1837), including the description of four new species and a key to all so far known species. Zootaxa 4985 (1): 1-36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.1

Hygrobates salamandrarum Goldschmidt, Gerecke and Alberti, 2002 (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) is the firstknown water mite parasitizing adult newts. After its description, three further species of newt-parasitizing mites were described and the subgenus Lurchibates Goldschmidt and Fu, 2011 was proposed for the group, now containing four newtparasitizing mites. Until now, each water mite species parasitizes a different newt species (Table 1), suggesting possible mite-newt co-speciation. In order to test this hypothesis, we need an accurate taxonomy of both of the hosts and parasites. However, the taxonomy of those Asian newt genera known to be parasitized by Lurchibates mites has been substantially revised after the initial description of the H. salamandrarum. To account for these taxonomic changes, we here revise the host-parasite species list and amend the host species name as shown in Table 1. Hygrobates salamandrarum was collected from the body of Pachytriton labiatus (Unterstein, 1930) obtained via pet trade (Goldschmidt et al., 2002). However the identity of this newt species was revised by Nishikawa et al. (2011a). These authors found that the type specimen of Pac. labiatus belonged to a different genus (Paramesotriton), and its name therefore changed to Paramesotriton labiatus (Unterstein, 1930). By this taxonomic change, the Pachytriton newt that had been considered as ��� Pachytriton labiatus ��� and from which the mites were collected, came to have no name. Further, Nishikawa et al. (2011a) found that the ��� Pachytriton labiatus ��� could be separated into two species, and consequently they revived Pachytriton granulosus Chang, 1933 for populations from Zhejiang and Anhui provinces, and newly described Pac. inexpectatus Nishikawa, Jiang, Matsui and Mo, 2011 for those from Guizhou, Henan, and Guangdong provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. After that, Nishikawa et al. (2011b) revised the taxonomy of Pachytriton, and the Anhui population of Pac. granulosus was described as Pac. feii Nishikawa, Jiang, and Matsui, 2011 and some populations from Guangxi, sympatric to Pac. inexpectatus, were described as Pac. moi Nishikawa, Jiang, and Matsui, 2011. Unfortunately, the symbiotypes (host newt specimens) of H. salamandrarum were not assigned and the specimens were lost. The specimens originated from the pet-trade, and therefore no locality information is available for them. Judging from the measurements and color pattern from the photos of the newts (Fig. 1), the host most probably can be assigned to be Pac. granulosus Chang, 1933. At least one of the specimens (Fig. 1A and C) is a matured male with swollen cloaca. Its snout-vent length [SVL] can be estimated from the available photos, which contained a scale, as ca. 61mm. This adult male size is within the ranges of P. granulosus (range 59.0��� 78.9mm, mean 69.0mm) and P. feii (range 58.5���90.5mm, mean 73.3mm: Nishikawa et al., 2009) but smaller than other species of the genus (Nishikawa et al., 2011b). Further, the host newts had body proportions more similar to P. granulosus than to P. feii in the ratio of forelimb length versus SVL (male 22.2% and unknown sex 22.6% vs. male mean 23.2% in P. granulosus, but vs. male mean 25.8% and female mean 23.7% in P. feii) and that of hindlimb length versus SVL (male 24.4% and unknown sex 26.2% vs. male mean 25.3% in P. granulosus, but vs. male mean 29.6% and female mean 28.3% in P. feii [Nishikawa et al., 2009]). The color pattern is also similar between the host newts and P. granulosus (ventral markings are large and widely occupy the venter and cloacal marking connects with that of ventral tail: see Figs. 4 and 5 in Nishikawa et al., 2009), but not P. feii (markings are small and blotched and cloacal marking does not connect with that of ventral tail: see Fig. 5 in Nishikawa et al., 2011b). We, thus, propose to revise the symbiotypic species of H. salamandrarum as to be Pac. granulosus. For Hygrobates ancistrophorus Goldschmidt and Koehler, 2007, the mites were collected from Paramesotriton laoensis Stuart and Papenfuss, 2002, which has subsequently been transferred to a different genus, Laotriton Dubois and Raffa��lli, 2009 (Frost, 2019). Thus, the host newt of H. ancistrophorus is now Laotriton laoensis (Stuart and Papenfuss, 2002)., Published as part of Nishikawa, Kanto, Goldschmidt, Tom, Hiruta, Shimpei F. & Shimano, Satoshi, 2020, Taxonomic amendments of Southeast Asian newt species of the genera Pachytriton, Paramesotriton and Laotriton (Amphibia, Urodela, Salamandridae) parasitized by water mites of the subgenus Lurchibates (Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae, Hygrobates), pp. 297-300 in Zootaxa 4768 (2) on pages 297-299, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.2.11, http://zenodo.org/record/3779798, {"references":["Goldschmidt, T., Gerecke, R. & Alberti, G. (2002) Hygrobates salamandrarum sp. nov. (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) from China: the first record of a freshwater mite parasitizing newts (Amphibia, Urodela). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 241, 297 - 304. https: // doi. org / 10.1078 / 0044 - 5231 - 00073","Goldschmidt, T. & Fu, V. (2011) Description of Hygrobates aloisii sp. nov. from Hong Kong, a new species Hygrobates (Lurchibates) subgen. nov. (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), with data on the parasite - host relationship to the Hong Kong Newt Paramesotriton hongkongensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 250, 19 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2010.10.002","Unterstein, W. (1930) Beitrage zur Lurch- und Kriechtierfauna Kwangsi's. 2. Schwanzlurche. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, 1930, 313 - 315.","Goldschmidt, T. & Koehler, G. (2007) New species of the Hygrobates salamandrarum - group (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) from SE-Asia. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 246, 73 - 89. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2007.01.001","Stuart, B. L. & Papenfuss, T. J. (2002) A new salamander of the genus Paramesotriton (Caudata: Salamandridae) from Laos. Journal of Herpetology, 36, 145 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.1670 / 0022 - 1511 (2002) 036 [0145: ANSOTG] 2.0. CO; 2","Myers, G. S. & Leviton, A. E. (1962) The Hong Kong newt described as a new species. Occasional Papers. Division Of Systematic Biology, Stanford University, 10, 1 - 4.","Nishikawa, K., Jiang, J. - P., Matsui, M. & Mo, Y. - M. (2011 a) Unmasking Pachytriton labiatus (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae), with description of a new species of Pachytriton from Guangxi, China. Z o o l o g i c a l S c i e n c e, 28, 453 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zsj. 28.453","Chang, M. L. Y. (1933) On the salamanders of Chekiang. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China. Zoological Series, 9, 305 - 328.","Nishikawa, K., Jiang, J. - P. & Matsui, M. (2011 b) Two new species of Pachytriton from Anhui and Guangxi, China (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae). Current Herpetology, 30, 15 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.5358 / hsj. 30.15","Nishikawa, K., Jiang, J. - P., Matsui, M. & Chen, C. - S. (2009) Morphological variation in Pachytriton labiatus and a re-assessment of the taxonomic status of P. granulosus (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae). Current Herpetology, 28, 49 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.3105 / 018.028.0202","Dubois, A. & Raffaelli, J. (2009) A new ergotaxonomy of the family Salamandridae Goldfuss, 1820 (Amphibia, Urodela). Alytes, 26, 1 - 85."]}

Nishikawa, Kanto, Goldschmidt, Tom, Hiruta, Shimpei F., Shimano, Satoshi (2020): Taxonomic amendments of Southeast Asian newt species of the genera Pachytriton, Paramesotriton and Laotriton (Amphibia, Urodela, Salamandridae) parasitized by water mites of the subgenus Lurchibates (Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae, Hygrobates). Zootaxa 4768 (2): 297-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.2.11

Subgenus Hygrobates (Lurchibates) Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011 The new material treated in the present publication allows us to give a slightly modified and extended diagnosis of the subgenus compared with the original one given by Goldschmidt & Fu (2011). Diagnosis: Integument fine, irregularly striated, dorsal and postero-ventral muscle attachment sites not sclerotized; lateral eyes not in capsules; glandularia weakly sclerotized, gland pores and their accompanying setae closely associated, but not on a common platelet; genital field with three pairs of acetabula on more or less triangular plates, males with a single genital plate formed by the fusion of both acetabular plates with the strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale; excretory pore with very weak sclerotization; legs without swimming hairs, their claws with ventral claw blade, I-leg-5 ventro-distally with a pair of strong, short, blunt setae, distal leg segments straight; gnathosoma large, posteriorly broadly fused to the little extended antero-coxal plate, rostrum moderately projecting; cheliceral claws extremely large, with dorsal margin distally curved and serrated, proximally concave; palp robust, P-2 with- out projection, P-2 and P-3 ventrally smooth or denticulate, P-5 short, compact and formed like a grasping organ due to the presence of a proximo-ventral extension (flat to extended, pointed) and a pair of large, strong, curved distal claws; a fine distally ramified seta inserted ventro-laterally between the proximal projection and the strong palp claws; clear sexual dimorphism in the shape of the genital field, in general slight sexual dimorphism in the shape of the coxal field; no sexual dimorphism in the morphology of legs, palps and chelicerae., Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F. & Shimano, Satoshi, 2020, Description of three new water mite species of Hygrobates Koch, 1837 (Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011) (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), parasitic in newts of the genera Paramesotriton and Pachytriton (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) from China, pp. 25-42 in Zootaxa 4768 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3777804, {"references":["Goldschmidt, T. & Fu, V. (2011) Description of Hygrobates aloisii sp. nov. from Hong Kong, a new species of Hygrobates (Lurchibates) subgen. nov. (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), with data on the parasite - host relationship to the Hong Kong Newt Paramesotriton hongkongensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 250, 19 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2010.10.002"]}

Hygrobates intermedius sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0001, parasitic on Paramesotriton qixilingensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae): newt was collected in China, Jiangxi Province, Yongxin County, Shenyuan Station; N 26�� 46��� 25.2������, E 114�� 10��� 53.7������, 375m a.s.l. on March 26th 2014, preserved in 70% Ethanol; mite was attached to the fore- or hindlimb of the newt (CIB 140328). Paratypes: one female CIB INV 0002 from fore- or hindlimb of the newt (CIB 140328), one male CIB INV 0003 from mouth cavity, limbs, or lateral body of the newt (CIB 140327, 29���31, or 33)���newts data are the same as holotype���s host. Distribution: All three specimens of H. intermedius sp. nov. have been recorded on Paramesotriton qixilingensis. The type locality of the newt (Qixiling Nature Reserve, Mount Shenyuan, Yongxin County, Jiangxi, China) is the only known collecting site for both, the newt and the mite. Derivatio nominis: intermedius (lat.)���located between, intermediate; named for the fact that most characters of the new species are somehow intermediate between all other species of Lurchibates. Diagnosis: Characters of the subgenus Lurchibates; anterior coxal group relatively narrow posteriorly (compared to most other species of the subgenus), posterior coxal group triangular; male genital field rounded dumbbell-shaped, regularly surrounded by many setae; female genital plates crescent-shaped, relatively short (flanking only posterior 2/3 of genital opening); palp relatively long and slender, P-3 ventrally with dense field of denticles, P-4 long, straight, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 blunt, cone-shaped; cheliceral claw relatively straight, long and slender. Description, Male (n = 2): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.34 (1.25), L/W 900 (900)/672 (720); fused anterior coxae of both sides slightly elongate (Cx-I + II L/W 294 (310)/462 (439)), medio-posterior margin straight to slightly convex, laterally extended by secondary sclerotization (swallow-tail shaped, lateral tips reaching under medial margin of Cx-III/IV), Cx-I basal W 160 (150); gnathosoma broad, posteriorly only slightly converging, widely fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, anterior margin of gnathosoma curved (Fig. 1); posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + IV of one side) L/W 288 (283)/270 (270), laterally closely approached to anterior plates (Cx- II postero-laterally overlapping antero-lateral corners of Cx-III), medially clearly diverging from anterior coxae, nearly regularly triangular in shape, small, rounded medial edges formed by Cx-IV only, Cx-IV short and broad, nearly triangular, posterior margin straight to slightly convex, medially pointing towards anterior, lateral margin straight to convex (Fig. 1); genital field dumbbell-shaped (Ac-1 and Ac-3 anteriorly and especially posteriorly extending beyond pre- and postgenitale), outline broad-oval (anteriorly and laterally rounded, posteriorly straight), pregenitale nose-shaped, anteriorly extended, genital opening relatively small, elongated egg-shaped, genital field L/W 198 (204)/ 348 (384); Ac-1 elongated oval, Ac-2 irregularly oval, Ac-3 elongated triangular, anteriorly pointed (L/W Ac-1, 104 (100)/54 (51), Ac-2, 118 (107)/51 (54), Ac-3, 113 (116)/77 (64)), 25���28 setae on each side of plate, arranged at the margins of the genital plate (Fig. 1); excretory pore slit-shaped; genital skeleton L/W 223 (252)/183 (181), compact (L/W ratio 1.22 (1.39)), shape typical for the subgenus, brachia distalia long, strong, laterally strongly curved, brachia proximalia strong, distally broadened, parallel to longitudinal axis, (Fig. 2); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae (Figs. 3���6); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5, 252 (248)/54 (48), I-leg-6, 216 (199)/48 (50); II-leg-5, 264 (277)/54 (54), II-leg-6, 228 (240)/48 (49); III-leg-5, 294 (259)/56 (53), III-leg-6, 252 (222)/52 (48); IV-leg-3, 180 (175)/68 (66), IV-leg-5, 300 (306)/49 (54), IV-leg-6, 282 (270)/43 (48); chelicerae very strong, with a relatively short, high basal segment and long basal groove; cheliceral claws very large, slender, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal third with strong serration that continues proximally in a lateral serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 7, 8); palps strong (Figs. 9, 10), ventral margin of P-2 slightly concave, antero-ventral margin rounded, without denticles, P-3 ventrally straight with a field of pointed denticles in the distal half, occasionally the distal two thirds, P-4 relatively long and straight, distally slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal third; P-5 with a well developed, blunt cone-shaped ventro-proximal projection, dorsodistally P-5 bears one compact, denticle-like distal claw and ventro-distally a pair of similar large, strong, pointed, slightly curved claws; mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 408 (394), maximum H 102 (96), L/H ratio 4.0 (4.1), basal segment L 259 (244), claw L 198 (190), basal segment/claw ratio 1.3 (1.3); curvation of cheliceral claw 21�� (20��), palp total L 486 (493), L/H P-1, 47 (45)/63 (68), P-2, 129 (134)/81 (80), P-3, 94 (94)/75 (75), P-4, 169 (173)/56 (56), P-5, 47 (47)/45 (47). Description, Female (n = 1): Idiosoma similar to male, much larger, L/W 1824/1464, and more rounded (L/W ratio 1.25); unpaired anterior coxal group slightly more compact, basally broader than in males (Cx-I + II L/W 408/589), basal width Cx-I 211; medio- and latero-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization, Cx-I latero-posteriorly with apodemes similar to those in males, however more hook-shaped; gnathosoma broadly fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, lateral margins straight, nearly parallel, coxal groups further separated than in males, medially heavily diverging (Fig. 11); paired posterior coxal groups well distanced from each other and from the anterior coxal group, L/W 356/320, roughly triangular in shape with medial edges only slightly diverging from longitudinal axis, postero-medial corner less pointed, medial margin formed by Cx-IV and Cx-III (Fig. 11); genital field far distant from coxae, rather small, with strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale, genital plates well distant from each other, separated by soft integument, slightly kidney-shaped, anteriorly rounded, flanking posterior 2/3 of genital opening, total genital field L/W 312/420; acetabula irregularly-oval (L/W Ac-1, 83/54, Ac- 2, 109/54, Ac-3, 101/58); 20/22 setae arranged mainly at the anterior, posterior and lateral margins of the genital plates, two, respectively three, setae anterior to genital plates (Fig. 11); legs similar to males, slightly more slender (Figs. 12���15); measurements of distal leg segments: L/H I-leg-5, 276/54, I-leg-6, 276/54; II-leg-5, 294/54, II-leg-6, 257/54; III-leg-5, 324/60, III-leg-6, 282/53; IV-leg-3, 228/85, IV-leg-5, 354/60, IV-leg-6, 312/48; anterior margin of the gnathosoma by far more projecting than in males, anterior half completely separated from Cx-I (Fig. 11); chelicerae similar to males, slightly more compact (Figs. 16, 17); palps similar to males (Figs. 18, 19); mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 456, maximum H 126, L/H ratio 3.6, basal segment L 282, claw L 221, basal segment/claw ratio 1.3; cheliceral claw curve 21��; palp total L 550, L/H P-1, 54/78, P-2, 150/94, P-3, 110/85, P-4, 188/62, P-5, 47/49., Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F. & Shimano, Satoshi, 2020, Description of three new water mite species of Hygrobates Koch, 1837 (Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011) (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), parasitic in newts of the genera Paramesotriton and Pachytriton (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) from China, pp. 25-42 in Zootaxa 4768 (1) on pages 27-31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3777804

Hygrobates intermedius sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0001, parasitic on Paramesotriton qixilingensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae): newt was collected in China, Jiangxi Province, Yongxin County, Shenyuan Station; N 26° 46’ 25.2’’, E 114° 10’ 53.7’’, 375m a.s.l. on March 26th 2014, preserved in 70% Ethanol; mite was attached to the fore- or hindlimb of the newt (CIB 140328). Paratypes: one female CIB INV 0002 from fore- or hindlimb of the newt (CIB 140328), one male CIB INV 0003 from mouth cavity, limbs, or lateral body of the newt (CIB 140327, 29–31, or 33)—newts data are the same as holotype’s host. Distribution: All three specimens of H. intermedius sp. nov. have been recorded on Paramesotriton qixilingensis. The type locality of the newt (Qixiling Nature Reserve, Mount Shenyuan, Yongxin County, Jiangxi, China) is the only known collecting site for both, the newt and the mite. Derivatio nominis: intermedius (lat.)—located between, intermediate; named for the fact that most characters of the new species are somehow intermediate between all other species of Lurchibates. Diagnosis: Characters of the subgenus Lurchibates; anterior coxal group relatively narrow posteriorly (compared to most other species of the subgenus), posterior coxal group triangular; male genital field rounded dumbbell-shaped, regularly surrounded by many setae; female genital plates crescent-shaped, relatively short (flanking only posterior 2/3 of genital opening); palp relatively long and slender, P-3 ventrally with dense field of denticles, P-4 long, straight, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 blunt, cone-shaped; cheliceral claw relatively straight, long and slender. Description, Male (n = 2): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.34 (1.25), L/W 900 (900)/672 (720); fused anterior coxae of both sides slightly elongate (Cx-I + II L/W 294 (310)/462 (439)), medio-posterior margin straight to slightly convex, laterally extended by secondary sclerotization (swallow-tail shaped, lateral tips reaching under medial margin of Cx-III/IV), Cx-I basal W 160 (150); gnathosoma broad, posteriorly only slightly converging, widely fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, anterior margin of gnathosoma curved (Fig. 1); posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + IV of one side) L/W 288 (283)/270 (270), laterally closely approached to anterior plates (Cx- II postero-laterally overlapping antero-lateral corners of Cx-III), medially clearly diverging from anterior coxae, nearly regularly triangular in shape, small, rounded medial edges formed by Cx-IV only, Cx-IV short and broad, nearly triangular, posterior margin straight to slightly convex, medially pointing towards anterior, lateral margin straight to convex (Fig. 1); genital field dumbbell-shaped (Ac-1 and Ac-3 anteriorly and especially posteriorly extending beyond pre- and postgenitale), outline broad-oval (anteriorly and laterally rounded, posteriorly straight), pregenitale nose-shaped, anteriorly extended, genital opening relatively small, elongated egg-shaped, genital field L/W 198 (204)/ 348 (384); Ac-1 elongated oval, Ac-2 irregularly oval, Ac-3 elongated triangular, anteriorly pointed (L/W Ac-1, 104 (100)/54 (51), Ac-2, 118 (107)/51 (54), Ac-3, 113 (116)/77 (64)), 25–28 setae on each side of plate, arranged at the margins of the genital plate (Fig. 1); excretory pore slit-shaped; genital skeleton L/W 223 (252)/183 (181), compact (L/W ratio 1.22 (1.39)), shape typical for the subgenus, brachia distalia long, strong, laterally strongly curved, brachia proximalia strong, distally broadened, parallel to longitudinal axis, (Fig. 2); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae (Figs. 3–6); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5, 252 (248)/54 (48), I-leg-6, 216 (199)/48 (50); II-leg-5, 264 (277)/54 (54), II-leg-6, 228 (240)/48 (49); III-leg-5, 294 (259)/56 (53), III-leg-6, 252 (222)/52 (48); IV-leg-3, 180 (175)/68 (66), IV-leg-5, 300 (306)/49 (54), IV-leg-6, 282 (270)/43 (48); chelicerae very strong, with a relatively short, high basal segment and long basal groove; cheliceral claws very large, slender, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal third with strong serration that continues proximally in a lateral serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 7, 8); palps strong (Figs. 9, 10), ventral margin of P-2 slightly concave, antero-ventral margin rounded, without denticles, P-3 ventrally straight with a field of pointed denticles in the distal half, occasionally the distal two thirds, P-4 relatively long and straight, distally slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal third; P-5 with a well developed, blunt cone-shaped ventro-proximal projection, dorsodistally P-5 bears one compact, denticle-like distal claw and ventro-distally a pair of similar large, strong, pointed, slightly curved claws; mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 408 (394), maximum H 102 (96), L/H ratio 4.0 (4.1), basal segment L 259 (244), claw L 198 (190), basal segment/claw ratio 1.3 (1.3); curvation of cheliceral claw 21° (20°), palp total L 486 (493), L/H P-1, 47 (45)/63 (68), P-2, 129 (134)/81 (80), P-3, 94 (94)/75 (75), P-4, 169 (173)/56 (56), P-5, 47 (47)/45 (47). Description, Female (n = 1): Idiosoma similar to male, much larger, L/W 1824/1464, and more rounded (L/W ratio 1.25); unpaired anterior coxal group slightly more compact, basally broader than in males (Cx-I + II L/W 408/589), basal width Cx-I 211; medio- and latero-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization, Cx-I latero-posteriorly with apodemes similar to those in males, however more hook-shaped; gnathosoma broadly fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, lateral margins straight, nearly parallel, coxal groups further separated than in males, medially heavily diverging (Fig. 11); paired posterior coxal groups well distanced from each other and from the anterior coxal group, L/W 356/320, roughly triangular in shape with medial edges only slightly diverging from longitudinal axis, postero-medial corner less pointed, medial margin formed by Cx-IV and Cx-III (Fig. 11); genital field far distant from coxae, rather small, with strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale, genital plates well distant from each other, separated by soft integument, slightly kidney-shaped, anteriorly rounded, flanking posterior 2/3 of genital opening, total genital field L/W 312/420; acetabula irregularly-oval (L/W Ac-1, 83/54, Ac- 2, 109/54, Ac-3, 101/58); 20/22 setae arranged mainly at the anterior, posterior and lateral margins of the genital plates, two, respectively three, setae anterior to genital plates (Fig. 11); legs similar to males, slightly more slender (Figs. 12–15); measurements of distal leg segments: L/H I-leg-5, 276/54, I-leg-6, 276/54; II-leg-5, 294/54, II-leg-6, 257/54; III-leg-5, 324/60, III-leg-6, 282/53; IV-leg-3, 228/85, IV-leg-5, 354/60, IV-leg-6, 312/48; anterior margin of the gnathosoma by far more projecting than in males, anterior half completely separated from Cx-I (Fig. 11); chelicerae similar to males, slightly more compact (Figs. 16, 17); palps similar to males (Figs. 18, 19); mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 456, maximum H 126, L/H ratio 3.6, basal segment L 282, claw L 221, basal segment/claw ratio 1.3; cheliceral claw curve 21°; palp total L 550, L/H P-1, 54/78, P-2, 150/94, P-3, 110/85, P-4, 188/62, P-5, 47/49.

Hygrobates pilosus sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0008, parasitic on Paramesotriton yunwuensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae): newt from pet shop, preserved in 99% Ethanol; mite was attached to the waist of the newt (KUHE 49342). Paratypes: three females CIB INV 0009, CIB INV 0010, CIB INV 0011, five males CIB INV 0012, CIB INV 0013, CIB INV 0014, CIB INV 0015, CIB INV 0016 from head, lateral body, or groin of the newt (KUHE 49340)���same data as holotype, but fixed by freezing (-80��C) [therefore the mites were in poor conditions and could only partly be measured and illustrated]. Distribution: All specimens of H. pilosus sp. nov. have been collected from Paramesotriton yunwuensis. The new species is probably limited to the same distribution as its host, which was described from Yunwu Mountains, Luoding, Guangdong Province, China, and is only known from there. Derivatio nominis: pilosus lat. hairy���referring to the many long setae at the margin of the male genital plate. Diagnosis: Characters of the subgenus; coxal field relatively slender (compared to other species of the subgenus), anterior coxal group triangular, posteriorly narrow, elongated, posterior margin rounded; male genital field broad-oval, bearing many long setae; female genital plates crescent-shaped, anteriorly narrow, rounded; P-4 relatively slender, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 large, triangularly pointed; cheliceral claw relatively straight, long and slender. Description, Male (n = 6): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.42 (1.36���1.39), L/W 888 (816���864)/624 (588���636); fused anterior coxae of both sides elongated, triangular (Cx-I + II L/W 312 (330���336)/442 (456���492)), medio-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization (posteriorly convex, curved tips of lateral extension reaching under medial margin of Cx-III), Cx-I basal width 136 (120���136); gnathosoma relatively long and slender, anteriorly only very slightly projecting, lateral margin with Cx-I posteriorly clearly converging, at fusion with the posterior part of the Cx-I relatively narrow (Fig. 39); anterior and posterior coxal groups laterally very close (but not overlapping), medially slightly diverging (the clear lateral separation at one side given in Fig. 39, is an artifact, as the integument of the respective side is broken between Cx-II and -III); posterior coxae very close to each other, triangular, medial edges smoothly rounded, formed by Cx-IV only, Cx-IV nearly rectangular, posterior margin transverse, slightly undulating, lateral margin straight, parallel to longitudinal axis of idiosoma (Fig. 39), posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + Cx-IV of one side) L/W 276 (270���288)/241 (269���288); genital plate very broad oval to wing-like, acetabular plates smoothly fused with strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale, genital opening broad egg-shaped, anteriorly obtuse-angled, genital field L/W 174 (198���216)/366 (354���390); acetabula relatively far distant from each other (about the width of an acetabulum), Ac-1 and -2 irregularly oval, Ac-3 triangularly rounded, L/W Ac-1 76 (63���82)/33 (36���40), Ac-2 70 (63���72)/43 (36���46), Ac-3 63 (61���80)/55 (57���63), 38���47 setae on each side of the plate (see Fig. 39) mainly arranged at the margins, lateral setae longer than anterior and posterior ones (Fig. 39); genital skeleton typical for the subgenus, large, L/W 277 (287���306)/181 (193���202) and slender, L/W ratio 1.53 (1.49���1.51), brachia distalia strong, laterally curved, oblique antero-medially to postero-laterally, brachia proximalia strong, distally broadened, parallel to longitudinal axis (left side slightly distorted in the illustrated specimen) (Fig. 40); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae (Figs. 41���44); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5, 264 (264)/52 (48), I-leg-6, 218 (216)/54 (48); II-leg-5, 276 (276)/54 (54), II-leg-6, 234 (228)/54 (54); III-leg-5, 306 (318)/56 (56), III-leg-6, 252 (258)/54 (48); IV-leg-3, 174 (174)/72 (70), IV-leg-5, 324 (342)/54 (53), IV-leg-6, 294 (313)/52 (42); chelicerae strong, relatively slender; cheliceral claws very large, distally straight, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal third with strong serration that continues proximally in a lateral serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 45, 46); palps strong (Figs. 47, 48), ventral margin of P-2 straight, anteroventral corner with very few denticles, P-3 ventrally straight with few denticles in distal half, P-4 relatively long, straight, distally slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal third; P-5 with a well developed, coneshaped ventro-proximal projection, dorso-distally with a compact, denticle-like distal claw and ventro-distally a pair of large, strong, ventrally-directed curved claws similar to each other; mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 420 (414���456), maximum H 102 (110���115), L/H ratio 4.1 (3.7���4.0), basal segment L 257 (240���273), claw L 197 (180���197), basal segment/claw ratio 1.3 (1.4���1.5); curvation of cheliceral claw 21��, palp total L 536 (530���543), L/H P-1, 52 (49���52)/68 (69���75), P-2, 146 (139���146)/94 (87), P-3, 103 (103���118)/82 (80���82), P-4, 186 (181���188)/63 (59���61), P-5, 49 (47���51)/49 (49���52). Description, Female (n = 3): Idiosoma similar to male, much larger, L/W 1800���1908 /1536���1440, and more rounded (L/W ratio 1.17���1.33); unpaired anterior coxal group wider and relatively shorter than in males, L/W 390���438/576���601, medio- and latero-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization as in males, but lateroposterior apodemes of Cx-I not reaching under Cx-III, basal width Cx-I 208���237; gnathosoma relatively wider and shorter than in males, lateral margins posteriorly clearly converging, broadly fused with the posterior part of the first coxae (Fig. 49); paired posterior coxal groups more distanced from each other and from the anterior coxal group than in males, roughly triangular in shape with medial edges formed by Cx-IV only, medial margin undulating, Cx-IV trapezoid, L/W 354���360/336���342 (Fig. 49); genital field rounded (exact position of strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale not clear as all females in poor conditions due to fixation technique, see above), genital plates slender kidney-shaped, total genital field L/W 186/318; acetabula irregularly-oval to triangular (Fig. 49), L/W Ac-1, 70���75/33���39, Ac-2, 86���89/34���45, Ac-3, 75���96/51���57; 21���24 setae arranged mainly at the anterior, posterior and lateral margins of the genital plates, none to one setae anterior to genital plates (Fig. 49); measurements of distal leg segments: L/H I-leg-5, 319/-, I-leg-6, 264/-; II-leg-5, 336���366/54���60, II-leg-6, 282���288/54; III-leg-5, 402���410/55��� 66, III-leg-6, 330���348/54; IV-leg-3, 252���258/72, IV-leg-5, 376���438/56���66, IV-leg-6, 336���378/54���48 (legs not illustrated due to poor conditions); chelicerae similar to males, slightly stronger (Figs. 50, 51); palps similar to males (Fig. 52); mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 541���600, maximum H 144���156, L/H ratio 3.5���3.9, basal segment L 354���362, claw L 271���275, basal segment/claw ratio 1.3; cheliceral claw curve 20���22��; palp total L 632���658, L/H P-1, 61���68/89���108, P-2, 172���181/108, P-3, 118���125/90���99, P-4, 221���230/71���73, P-5, 56/61���63. Remarks: The new species Hygrobates intermedius sp. nov. from Jiangxi Province, China is most similar to H. robustipalpis sp. nov. ���males of both species are characterized by a slightly dumbbell-shaped genital field. However, in H. intermedius sp. nov. the outline of the male genital field is rather regularly oval, whereas in H. robustipalpis sp. nov. the outline is apple-shaped. Furthermore, in the latter the anterior coxal group is posteriorly wider (Cx-I basal width/Cx-I+II width: robustipalpis male 0.36���0.37, female 0.40; intermedius male 0.34���0.35, female 0.36); the palps (especially P-4) are more compact: P-4 L/H 2.5���2.7 (robustipalpis male), 2.5���2.6 (robustipalpis female); 3.0���3.1 (intermedius male) 3.1 (intermedius female). Hygrobates robustipalpis sp. nov. (especially the male) is the smallest Lurchibates species so far described: idiosoma L/W 640���670/560���600 (robustipalpis male); 760���920/580���720 (other species of Lurchibates males). The female of H. intermedius sp. nov. is similar to H. aloisii, especially in the shape of the genital field, as in both species the genital plates are flanking the posterior 2/3 of the genital opening; however, in the latter species the genital plates are anterior more pointed. In H. salamandrarum the genital plates are in the same position as in the two species mentioned before, but this species is characterized by a very broad gnathosoma and a very short P-4: L/H 2.1 (H. salamandrarum, female); 3.0 (intermedius sp. nov., female); 3.0���3.2 (H. aloisii, female). As mentioned before, H. robustipalpis sp. nov., the smallest species described so far, is characterized by the combination of it���s dumbbell-shaped genital field, relatively compact palps and a dense, rather large denticle field ventrally at P-3 (as well as relatively many denticles ventrally at P-2); the female is separated from those of the other species of the subgenus mainly by it���s typical palp (similar to the male���compact P-4 (L/H 2.5���2.6), large strong claws and large pointed basal cone at P-5, dense field of denticles at P-3) and relatively large, broad genital plates larger than the genital opening. Hygrobates pilosus sp. nov. is mainly characterized by the very characteristic male genital field���it���s wing-like shape and large number of setae is clearly separating the species from all other so far described ones; the anterior coxal group (with the pointed, narrow posterior margin) is slightly similar to H. forcipifer, however it���s rectangular Cx-IV, and especially the shape of the genital field, are clearly separating H. pilosus sp. nov. from the latter. There are also obvious differences in the shape of the genital skeleton, with regard to the poor conditions of this structure in most preparations so far these are not used systematically in the separation of the species., Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F. & Shimano, Satoshi, 2020, Description of three new water mite species of Hygrobates Koch, 1837 (Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011) (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), parasitic in newts of the genera Paramesotriton and Pachytriton (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) from China, pp. 25-42 in Zootaxa 4768 (1) on pages 36-41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3777804

Hygrobates robustipalpis sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0004, parasitic on Pachytriton inexpectatus (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae): newt was collected in China, Guizhou Province, Leishan County, Mt. Leigong on September 24th 2011, preserved in 70% Ethanol; mite was attached to the fore- or hindlimb of the newt (CIB GZ 20110948). Paratypes: two females CIB INV 0005 from mouth cavity, limbs, or lateral body of the newt (CIB GZ 20110947) and CIB INV 0006 from mouth cavity, axilla, groin (base of the hindlimb), or lateral body of the newt (CIB GZ 20110948), one male CIB INV 0007 from mouth cavity, limbs, or lateral body of the newt (CIB GZ 20110947)��� newts data are the same as holotype���s host. Distribution: All specimens of H. robustipalpis sp. nov. have been collected from Pachytriton inexpectatus from Guizhou Province, China. The new species is at maximum limited to the same distribution as its host, which is so far known from Eastern Guizhou, southwestern and southern Hunan, extreme northwestern Guangdong, and northern and eastern Guangxi, China. Derivatio nominis: robustipalpis ���derived from robustus (lat.)���strong, powerful; palpus (lat.)���palp; named for the very strong and pointed basal cone and the long and pointed terminal claws at P-5. Diagnosis: Characters of the subgenus; idiosoma relatively small, coxal field relatively broad (compared to most other species of the group), anterior coxal group posteriorly broad; male genital field rounded, apple-shaped, with many setae regularly arranged at outer margin; female genital plates broad kidney-shaped, larger than genital opening, shifted posteriorly; distal leg segments relatively shorter than in other species; P-2 ventro-distally bearing a few denticles, P-3 ventro-distally bearing many denticles, P-4 relatively compact, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 large, pointed, tip slightly curved ventrally; cheliceral claw relatively straight, long and slender. Description, Male (n = 2): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.12 (1.13), L/W 672 (636)/600 (564); fused anterior coxae of both sides slender, narrow triangular (Cx-I + II L/W 294 (277)/462 (402)), medio-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization (posteriorly convex, laterally curved, pointed); Cx-I basal width 176 (153), gnathosoma broad, posteriorly slightly converging, lateral separation reaching far posteriorly, widely fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, anterior tip of gnathosoma slightly projecting (Fig. 20); posterior coxal groups (Cx- III + Cx-IV of one side) L/W 247 (228)/252 (197), anterior and posterior coxal groups laterally very close, medially diverging (however, less than given in Fig. 20, as in the type-specimen the integument is broken and the posterior coxal groups are slightly shifted to lateral as an artifact); posterior coxae obtuse triangular medial edges rounded, formed by Cx-IV only, Cx-IV short and broad, trapezoid, posterior margin straight transversely, lateral margin straight (Fig. 20); genital field rounded apple-shaped, acetabular plates anteriorly and posteriorly overlapping the pre- and postgenitale, with 24/27 (27/30) setae regularly arranged at outer margin on each side (Fig. 20), genital opening elongate-oval, genital field L/W 192 (144)/ 296 (258); acetabula irregularly elongated oval (L/W Ac-1, 104 (57)/49 (36), Ac-2, 98 (83)/48 (39), Ac-3, 98 (60)/42 (43)); genital skeleton partly broken in type specimen (completely destroyed in second specimen), as far as visible shape typical for the subgenus, brachia distalia very long and slender, regularly curved (Fig. 21); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae, dorso-distally at I- and II-leg-1 and -2 with groups of four to six heavy setae, distal segments straight (Figs. 22���25); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5, 234 (210)/48 (48), I-leg-6, 192 (192)/48 (46); II-leg-5, 234 (228)/48 (48), II-leg-6, 198 (198)/48 (42); III-leg-5, 258 (252)/50 (48), III-leg-6, 222 (216)/54 (48); IV-leg-3, 168 (156)/66 (58), IV-leg-5, 270 (258)/ 54 (48), IV-leg-6, 234 (223)/48 (42); chelicerae very strong, with a relatively short, high basal segment and long basal groove; cheliceral claws large (slightly shorter than in other species), slender, distally straight, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal half with strong serration that continues proximally in a lateral serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 26, 27); palps strong (Figs. 28, 29), ventral margin of P-2 slightly concave, antero-ventral corner bearing a few denticles, P-3 ventro-laterally with many large, pointed denticles in distal 2/3, P-4 compact, straight, distally slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal third, distal margin strongly rotated ventrally; P-5 ventro-proximally bearing a well developed, pointed, cone-shaped projection, with a ventrally-curved, sharp tip, dorso-distal seta compact, denticle-like, sticking out, ventro-distal pair of large claws long and pointed; mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 372 (353), maximum H 102 (102), L/H ratio 3.7 (3.5), basal segment L 235 (216), claw L 183 (167), basal segment/claw ratio 1.3 (1.3); curvation of cheliceral claw 22�� (23.5��), palp total L 451 (423), L/H P-1, 52 (42)/73 (68), P-2, 127 (115)/85 (85), P-3, 80 (80)/78 (75), P-4, 146 (139)/59 (52), P-5, 47 (47)/54 (47). Description, Female (n = 2): Idiosoma similar to male, much larger, L/W 816���1380/684���1296, and more rounded (L/W ratio 1.06���1.19); unpaired anterior coxal group as in males, L/W 312���336/462���486, medio- and latero-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization, with slightly curved lateral tips; Cx-I basal width 186���193; gnathosoma anteriorly more curved, slightly more projecting than in males, separation to Cx-I posteriorly converging, reaching far posteriorly (as in males) (Fig. 30); paired posterior coxal groups closer to each other and to the anterior coxal group than in males, more slender, posterior margin inclined from postero-lateral to antero- medial, triangular in shape with medial edges formed by Cx-IV only, L/W 270���294/252���259 (Fig. 30); genital field relatively wide and large (broader than in males), with strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale, genital plates well distant from each other, posteriorly by far more approached than anteriorly, separated by soft integument, broad kidney-shaped, anteriorly rounded, clearly longer than genital opening, level of anterior margin lightly posterior to pregenitale, posterior margin extending far beyond postgenitale (Fig. 30), total genital field L/W 204���282/318���366; acetabula irregularly-oval (some rather triangular or rectangular) (L/W Ac-1, 79���85/42, Ac-2, 91���98/44���46, Ac- 3, 86���95/45���49); 21���26 setae arranged mainly at the anterior, posterior and lateral margins of the genital plates, one or two pairs anterior to genital plates (Fig. 30); legs similar to males (Figs. 31���34) measurements of distal leg segments: L/H I-leg-5, 238���240/49���50, I-leg-6, 204���216/48; II-leg-5, 252���262/54���55, II-leg-6, 216���222/46���55; III-leg-5, 283���284/54���55, III-leg-6, 235���242/48���54; IV-leg-3, 180���198/62���68, IV-leg-5, 294���300/54���58, IV-leg- 6, 240���264/42���54; chelicerae similar to males, slightly stronger (Figs. 35, 36); palps similar to males (Figs. 37, 38); mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 420���432, maximum H 120���124, L/H ratio 3.5, basal segment L 268���277, claw L 198���209, basal segment/claw ratio 1.3���1.4; cheliceral claw curve 21���22��; palp total L 479���498, L/H P-1, 52���54/80, P-2, 132���139/87���94, P-3, 94���99/82���85, P-4, 153���155/59���61, P-5, 49���52/59���61., Published as part of Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F. & Shimano, Satoshi, 2020, Description of three new water mite species of Hygrobates Koch, 1837 (Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011) (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), parasitic in newts of the genera Paramesotriton and Pachytriton (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) from China, pp. 25-42 in Zootaxa 4768 (1) on pages 31-35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3777804

Hygrobates pilosus sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0008, parasitic on Paramesotriton yunwuensis (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae): newt from pet shop, preserved in 99% Ethanol; mite was attached to the waist of the newt (KUHE 49342). Paratypes: three females CIB INV 0009, CIB INV 0010, CIB INV 0011, five males CIB INV 0012, CIB INV 0013, CIB INV 0014, CIB INV 0015, CIB INV 0016 from head, lateral body, or groin of the newt (KUHE 49340)—same data as holotype, but fixed by freezing (-80°C) [therefore the mites were in poor conditions and could only partly be measured and illustrated]. Distribution: All specimens of H. pilosus sp. nov. have been collected from Paramesotriton yunwuensis. The new species is probably limited to the same distribution as its host, which was described from Yunwu Mountains, Luoding, Guangdong Province, China, and is only known from there. Derivatio nominis: pilosus lat. hairy—referring to the many long setae at the margin of the male genital plate. Diagnosis: Characters of the subgenus; coxal field relatively slender (compared to other species of the subgenus), anterior coxal group triangular, posteriorly narrow, elongated, posterior margin rounded; male genital field broad-oval, bearing many long setae; female genital plates crescent-shaped, anteriorly narrow, rounded; P-4 relatively slender, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 large, triangularly pointed; cheliceral claw relatively straight, long and slender. Description, Male (n = 6): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.42 (1.36–1.39), L/W 888 (816–864)/624 (588–636); fused anterior coxae of both sides elongated, triangular (Cx-I + II L/W 312 (330–336)/442 (456–492)), medio-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization (posteriorly convex, curved tips of lateral extension reaching under medial margin of Cx-III), Cx-I basal width 136 (120–136); gnathosoma relatively long and slender, anteriorly only very slightly projecting, lateral margin with Cx-I posteriorly clearly converging, at fusion with the posterior part of the Cx-I relatively narrow (Fig. 39); anterior and posterior coxal groups laterally very close (but not overlapping), medially slightly diverging (the clear lateral separation at one side given in Fig. 39, is an artifact, as the integument of the respective side is broken between Cx-II and -III); posterior coxae very close to each other, triangular, medial edges smoothly rounded, formed by Cx-IV only, Cx-IV nearly rectangular, posterior margin transverse, slightly undulating, lateral margin straight, parallel to longitudinal axis of idiosoma (Fig. 39), posterior coxal groups (Cx-III + Cx-IV of one side) L/W 276 (270–288)/241 (269–288); genital plate very broad oval to wing-like, acetabular plates smoothly fused with strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale, genital opening broad egg-shaped, anteriorly obtuse-angled, genital field L/W 174 (198–216)/366 (354–390); acetabula relatively far distant from each other (about the width of an acetabulum), Ac-1 and -2 irregularly oval, Ac-3 triangularly rounded, L/W Ac-1 76 (63–82)/33 (36–40), Ac-2 70 (63–72)/43 (36–46), Ac-3 63 (61–80)/55 (57–63), 38–47 setae on each side of the plate (see Fig. 39) mainly arranged at the margins, lateral setae longer than anterior and posterior ones (Fig. 39); genital skeleton typical for the subgenus, large, L/W 277 (287–306)/181 (193–202) and slender, L/W ratio 1.53 (1.49–1.51), brachia distalia strong, laterally curved, oblique antero-medially to postero-laterally, brachia proximalia strong, distally broadened, parallel to longitudinal axis (left side slightly distorted in the illustrated specimen) (Fig. 40); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae (Figs. 41–44); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5, 264 (264)/52 (48), I-leg-6, 218 (216)/54 (48); II-leg-5, 276 (276)/54 (54), II-leg-6, 234 (228)/54 (54); III-leg-5, 306 (318)/56 (56), III-leg-6, 252 (258)/54 (48); IV-leg-3, 174 (174)/72 (70), IV-leg-5, 324 (342)/54 (53), IV-leg-6, 294 (313)/52 (42); chelicerae strong, relatively slender; cheliceral claws very large, distally straight, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal third with strong serration that continues proximally in a lateral serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 45, 46); palps strong (Figs. 47, 48), ventral margin of P-2 straight, anteroventral corner with very few denticles, P-3 ventrally straight with few denticles in distal half, P-4 relatively long, straight, distally slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal third; P-5 with a well developed, coneshaped ventro-proximal projection, dorso-distally with a compact, denticle-like distal claw and ventro-distally a pair of large, strong, ventrally-directed curved claws similar to each other; mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 420 (414–456), maximum H 102 (110–115), L/H ratio 4.1 (3.7–4.0), basal segment L 257 (240–273), claw L 197 (180–197), basal segment/claw ratio 1.3 (1.4–1.5); curvation of cheliceral claw 21°, palp total L 536 (530–543), L/H P-1, 52 (49–52)/68 (69–75), P-2, 146 (139–146)/94 (87), P-3, 103 (103–118)/82 (80–82), P-4, 186 (181–188)/63 (59–61), P-5, 49 (47–51)/49 (49–52). Description, Female (n = 3): Idiosoma similar to male, much larger, L/W 1800–1908 /1536–1440, and more rounded (L/W ratio 1.17–1.33); unpaired anterior coxal group wider and relatively shorter than in males, L/W 390–438/576–601, medio- and latero-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization as in males, but lateroposterior apodemes of Cx-I not reaching under Cx-III, basal width Cx-I 208–237; gnathosoma relatively wider and shorter than in males, lateral margins posteriorly clearly converging, broadly fused with the posterior part of the first coxae (Fig. 49); paired posterior coxal groups more distanced from each other and from the anterior coxal group than in males, roughly triangular in shape with medial edges formed by Cx-IV only, medial margin undulating, Cx-IV trapezoid, L/W 354–360/336–342 (Fig. 49); genital field rounded (exact position of strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale not clear as all females in poor conditions due to fixation technique, see above), genital plates slender kidney-shaped, total genital field L/W 186/318; acetabula irregularly-oval to triangular (Fig. 49), L/W Ac-1, 70–75/33–39, Ac-2, 86–89/34–45, Ac-3, 75–96/51–57; 21–24 setae arranged mainly at the anterior, posterior and lateral margins of the genital plates, none to one setae anterior to genital plates (Fig. 49); measurements of distal leg segments: L/H I-leg-5, 319/-, I-leg-6, 264/-; II-leg-5, 336–366/54–60, II-leg-6, 282–288/54; III-leg-5, 402–410/55– 66, III-leg-6, 330–348/54; IV-leg-3, 252–258/72, IV-leg-5, 376–438/56–66, IV-leg-6, 336–378/54–48 (legs not illustrated due to poor conditions); chelicerae similar to males, slightly stronger (Figs. 50, 51); palps similar to males (Fig. 52); mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 541–600, maximum H 144–156, L/H ratio 3.5–3.9, basal segment L 354–362, claw L 271–275, basal segment/claw ratio 1.3; cheliceral claw curve 20–22°; palp total L 632–658, L/H P-1, 61–68/89–108, P-2, 172–181/108, P-3, 118–125/90–99, P-4, 221–230/71–73, P-5, 56/61–63. Remarks: The new species Hygrobates intermedius sp. nov. from Jiangxi Province, China is most similar to H. robustipalpis sp. nov. —males of both species are characterized by a slightly dumbbell-shaped genital field. However, in H. intermedius sp. nov. the outline of the male genital field is rather regularly oval, whereas in H. robustipalpis sp. nov. the outline is apple-shaped. Furthermore, in the latter the anterior coxal group is posteriorly wider (Cx-I basal width/Cx-I+II width: robustipalpis male 0.36–0.37, female 0.40; intermedius male 0.34–0.35, female 0.36); the palps (especially P-4) are more compact: P-4 L/H 2.5–2.7 (robustipalpis male), 2.5–2.6 (robustipalpis female); 3.0–3.1 (intermedius male) 3.1 (intermedius female). Hygrobates robustipalpis sp. nov. (especially the male) is the smallest Lurchibates species so far described: idiosoma L/W 640–670/560–600 (robustipalpis male); 760–920/580–720 (other species of Lurchibates males). The female of H. intermedius sp. nov. is similar to H. aloisii, especially in the shape of the genital field, as in both species the genital plates are flanking the posterior 2/3 of the genital opening; however, in the latter species the genital plates are anterior more pointed. In H. salamandrarum the genital plates are in the same position as in the two species mentioned before, but this species is characterized by a very broad gnathosoma and a very short P-4: L/H 2.1 (H. salamandrarum, female); 3.0 (intermedius sp. nov., female); 3.0–3.2 (H. aloisii, female). As mentioned before, H. robustipalpis sp. nov., the smallest species described so far, is characterized by the combination of it’s dumbbell-shaped genital field, relatively compact palps and a dense, rather large denticle field ventrally at P-3 (as well as relatively many denticles ventrally at P-2); the female is separated from those of the other species of the subgenus mainly by it’s typical palp (similar to the male—compact P-4 (L/H 2.5–2.6), large strong claws and large pointed basal cone at P-5, dense field of denticles at P-3) and relatively large, broad genital plates larger than the genital opening. Hygrobates pilosus sp. nov. is mainly characterized by the very characteristic male genital field—it’s wing-like shape and large number of setae is clearly separating the species from all other so far described ones; the anterior coxal group (with the pointed, narrow posterior margin) is slightly similar to H. forcipifer, however it’s rectangular Cx-IV, and especially the shape of the genital field, are clearly separating H. pilosus sp. nov. from the latter. There are also obvious differences in the shape of the genital skeleton, with regard to the poor conditions of this structure in most preparations so far these are not used systematically in the separation of the species.

Goldschmidt, Tom, Nishikawa, Kanto, Hiruta, Shimpei F., Shimano, Satoshi (2020): Description of three new water mite species of Hygrobates Koch, 1837 (Lurchibates Goldschmidt & Fu, 2011) (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae), parasitic in newts of the genera Paramesotriton and Pachytriton (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) from China. Zootaxa 4768 (1): 25-42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.1.3

Hygrobates robustipalpis sp. nov. Goldschmidt, Nishikawa & Shimano Material examined: Holotype male, slide mounted in glycerine jelly, preparation no. CIB INV 0004, parasitic on Pachytriton inexpectatus (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae): newt was collected in China, Guizhou Province, Leishan County, Mt. Leigong on September 24th 2011, preserved in 70% Ethanol; mite was attached to the fore- or hindlimb of the newt (CIB GZ 20110948). Paratypes: two females CIB INV 0005 from mouth cavity, limbs, or lateral body of the newt (CIB GZ 20110947) and CIB INV 0006 from mouth cavity, axilla, groin (base of the hindlimb), or lateral body of the newt (CIB GZ 20110948), one male CIB INV 0007 from mouth cavity, limbs, or lateral body of the newt (CIB GZ 20110947)— newts data are the same as holotype’s host. Distribution: All specimens of H. robustipalpis sp. nov. have been collected from Pachytriton inexpectatus from Guizhou Province, China. The new species is at maximum limited to the same distribution as its host, which is so far known from Eastern Guizhou, southwestern and southern Hunan, extreme northwestern Guangdong, and northern and eastern Guangxi, China. Derivatio nominis: robustipalpis —derived from robustus (lat.)—strong, powerful; palpus (lat.)—palp; named for the very strong and pointed basal cone and the long and pointed terminal claws at P-5. Diagnosis: Characters of the subgenus; idiosoma relatively small, coxal field relatively broad (compared to most other species of the group), anterior coxal group posteriorly broad; male genital field rounded, apple-shaped, with many setae regularly arranged at outer margin; female genital plates broad kidney-shaped, larger than genital opening, shifted posteriorly; distal leg segments relatively shorter than in other species; P-2 ventro-distally bearing a few denticles, P-3 ventro-distally bearing many denticles, P-4 relatively compact, proximo-ventral extension of P-5 large, pointed, tip slightly curved ventrally; cheliceral claw relatively straight, long and slender. Description, Male (n = 2): Idiosoma rounded-oval, L/W ratio 1.12 (1.13), L/W 672 (636)/600 (564); fused anterior coxae of both sides slender, narrow triangular (Cx-I + II L/W 294 (277)/462 (402)), medio-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization (posteriorly convex, laterally curved, pointed); Cx-I basal width 176 (153), gnathosoma broad, posteriorly slightly converging, lateral separation reaching far posteriorly, widely fused with the posterior part of the first coxae, anterior tip of gnathosoma slightly projecting (Fig. 20); posterior coxal groups (Cx- III + Cx-IV of one side) L/W 247 (228)/252 (197), anterior and posterior coxal groups laterally very close, medially diverging (however, less than given in Fig. 20, as in the type-specimen the integument is broken and the posterior coxal groups are slightly shifted to lateral as an artifact); posterior coxae obtuse triangular medial edges rounded, formed by Cx-IV only, Cx-IV short and broad, trapezoid, posterior margin straight transversely, lateral margin straight (Fig. 20); genital field rounded apple-shaped, acetabular plates anteriorly and posteriorly overlapping the pre- and postgenitale, with 24/27 (27/30) setae regularly arranged at outer margin on each side (Fig. 20), genital opening elongate-oval, genital field L/W 192 (144)/ 296 (258); acetabula irregularly elongated oval (L/W Ac-1, 104 (57)/49 (36), Ac-2, 98 (83)/48 (39), Ac-3, 98 (60)/42 (43)); genital skeleton partly broken in type specimen (completely destroyed in second specimen), as far as visible shape typical for the subgenus, brachia distalia very long and slender, regularly curved (Fig. 21); all legs slender, bearing many heavy setae, dorso-distally at I- and II-leg-1 and -2 with groups of four to six heavy setae, distal segments straight (Figs. 22–25); measurements (L/H) of distal leg segments: I-leg-5, 234 (210)/48 (48), I-leg-6, 192 (192)/48 (46); II-leg-5, 234 (228)/48 (48), II-leg-6, 198 (198)/48 (42); III-leg-5, 258 (252)/50 (48), III-leg-6, 222 (216)/54 (48); IV-leg-3, 168 (156)/66 (58), IV-leg-5, 270 (258)/ 54 (48), IV-leg-6, 234 (223)/48 (42); chelicerae very strong, with a relatively short, high basal segment and long basal groove; cheliceral claws large (slightly shorter than in other species), slender, distally straight, sharply pointed, dorsal margin in the distal half with strong serration that continues proximally in a lateral serration, medially and laterally striated (Figs. 26, 27); palps strong (Figs. 28, 29), ventral margin of P-2 slightly concave, antero-ventral corner bearing a few denticles, P-3 ventro-laterally with many large, pointed denticles in distal 2/3, P-4 compact, straight, distally slightly curved, with a pair of ventral setae in the distal third, distal margin strongly rotated ventrally; P-5 ventro-proximally bearing a well developed, pointed, cone-shaped projection, with a ventrally-curved, sharp tip, dorso-distal seta compact, denticle-like, sticking out, ventro-distal pair of large claws long and pointed; mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 372 (353), maximum H 102 (102), L/H ratio 3.7 (3.5), basal segment L 235 (216), claw L 183 (167), basal segment/claw ratio 1.3 (1.3); curvation of cheliceral claw 22° (23.5°), palp total L 451 (423), L/H P-1, 52 (42)/73 (68), P-2, 127 (115)/85 (85), P-3, 80 (80)/78 (75), P-4, 146 (139)/59 (52), P-5, 47 (47)/54 (47). Description, Female (n = 2): Idiosoma similar to male, much larger, L/W 816–1380/684–1296, and more rounded (L/W ratio 1.06–1.19); unpaired anterior coxal group as in males, L/W 312–336/462–486, medio- and latero-posterior margin extended by secondary sclerotization, with slightly curved lateral tips; Cx-I basal width 186–193; gnathosoma anteriorly more curved, slightly more projecting than in males, separation to Cx-I posteriorly converging, reaching far posteriorly (as in males) (Fig. 30); paired posterior coxal groups closer to each other and to the anterior coxal group than in males, more slender, posterior margin inclined from postero-lateral to antero- medial, triangular in shape with medial edges formed by Cx-IV only, L/W 270–294/252–259 (Fig. 30); genital field relatively wide and large (broader than in males), with strongly sclerotized pre- and postgenitale, genital plates well distant from each other, posteriorly by far more approached than anteriorly, separated by soft integument, broad kidney-shaped, anteriorly rounded, clearly longer than genital opening, level of anterior margin lightly posterior to pregenitale, posterior margin extending far beyond postgenitale (Fig. 30), total genital field L/W 204–282/318–366; acetabula irregularly-oval (some rather triangular or rectangular) (L/W Ac-1, 79–85/42, Ac-2, 91–98/44–46, Ac- 3, 86–95/45–49); 21–26 setae arranged mainly at the anterior, posterior and lateral margins of the genital plates, one or two pairs anterior to genital plates (Fig. 30); legs similar to males (Figs. 31–34) measurements of distal leg segments: L/H I-leg-5, 238–240/49–50, I-leg-6, 204–216/48; II-leg-5, 252–262/54–55, II-leg-6, 216–222/46–55; III-leg-5, 283–284/54–55, III-leg-6, 235–242/48–54; IV-leg-3, 180–198/62–68, IV-leg-5, 294–300/54–58, IV-leg- 6, 240–264/42–54; chelicerae similar to males, slightly stronger (Figs. 35, 36); palps similar to males (Figs. 37, 38); mouthpart measurements: chelicera total L 420–432, maximum H 120–124, L/H ratio 3.5, basal segment L 268–277, claw L 198–209, basal segment/claw ratio 1.3–1.4; cheliceral claw curve 21–22°; palp total L 479–498, L/H P-1, 52–54/80, P-2, 132–139/87–94, P-3, 94–99/82–85, P-4, 153–155/59–61, P-5, 49–52/59–61.

For the first time a parasitic relationship between a water mite larva and a Cladocera is found and documented by scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging. A Unionicolidae larva (cf. Unionicola) has been found attached to a Bosmina tubicen (Cladocera) collected in a karst sinkhole (cenote) in the southeast of the Yucatán Peninsula (México)., Acarologia, 59, 111-114

Hygrobates (Hygrobates) fluviatilis (Strøm, 1768) Hygrobates fluviatilis —Pešić et al. 2010 [in part]. New records: Montenegro: Podgorica, Skadar Lake, Crnojevića River, 42°21'19.8"N 19°01'47.8"E, 01.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (0/1/0); Cetinje, Skadar Lake, sublacustrine spring, Karuč, 3 m depth, 42°21'27.9"N 19°06'29.7"E, 01.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (0/1/0); Podgorica, Drume, Vitoja River, spring near Skadar Lake, elodeids, 42°21'27.9"N 19°06'29.7"E, 01.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (23/45/0); Podgorica, Malo Blato, Sinjac, spring, 1.5 m depth, 42°21'58.3"N 19°09'18.0"E 28.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0); Albania: Skadar Lake near Gashaj, Syri and Sheganit spring, sublacustrine spring, 42°16'30.4"N 19°23'42.9"E 01.v.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (1/0/0); Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011); Zawal et al. (2011); Montenegro: Pešić et al. (2017); Bańkowska et al. (2016). Distribution: Europe, most records require confirmation due to the confusion with Hygrobates arenarius, but obviously widespread (Pešić et al. 2017)., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 169, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Bankowska, A., Klosowska, M., Gadawski, P., Michonski, G., Grabowski, M., Pesic, V. & Zawal, A. (2016) Oviposition by selected water mite (Hydrachnidia) species from Lake Skadar and its catchment. Biologia, 71 (9), 1027 - 1033. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / biolog- 2016 - 0126"]}

Arrenurus (Megaluracarus) stjordalensis Thor, 1899 New records: Montenegro: Skadar Lake area, Crnojevića River, Utricularia sp., 0,5 m depth, 42��21'19.8"N 19��01'47.8"E, 31.vii.2015 Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (1/0/0). Remarks: New for Montenegro and Mediterranean region. Distribution: Western Palaearctic., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Vicinaxonopsis bureschi Petrova, 1976 Axonopsis (Vicinaxonopsis) bureschi��� Pe��ić et al. 2010, p. 76. Remarks: Vicinaxonopsis has recently been raised to full generic rank (Smith et al. 2015)., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Smith, I. M., Cook, D. R. & Gerecke, R. (2015) Revision of the status of some genus-level water mite taxa in the families Pionidae Thor, 1900, Aturidae Thor, 1900, and Nudomideopsidae Smith, 1990 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae). Zootaxa, 3919 (1), 111 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3919.1.6"]}

Atractides (Atractides) inflatus (Walter, 1925) New records: Greece: Crete, river near Livada, 35°18'29.09"N 24°51'21.095"E, 11.x.2015 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/ 1/0); Crete, Kato Zakros, Valley of the Death, stream, riffle (gravel, stones), slow current (remains of a nearly dry stream), 35°5'59.4024''N 26°14'37.0788'' E, 14.iv.2017 Goldschmidt (1/0/0). Distribution: Mediterranean, Turkey, Iran (Pešić et al. 2004)., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 168, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Pesic, V., Saboori, A., Asadi, M. & Vafaei, R. (2004) Studies on water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) from Iran, I. The water mite genus Atractides Koch, with the description of five new species. Zootaxa, 495 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 495.1.1"]}

Lebertia (s. str.) variolata Gerecke, 2009 New records: Montenegro: Budva, temporary stream in Bečići, stones, 42��16'52.63"N 18��52'31.38"E, 09.x.2010 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0); Greece: Crete, Kato Zakros, Valley of the Death, stream, riffle (gravel, stones), slow current (remains of a nearly dry stream), 35��5'59.4024''N 26��14'37.0788''E, 14.iv.2017 Goldschmidt (7/8/2); ibid., (few meters downstream first site), 14.iv.2017 (8/8/9); ibid., rheopsammocrene, at the edge of the stream (1000 m downstream stream sites mentioned before), 35��6'3.7404''N 26��15'15.9588''E, 14.iv.2017 (3/3/1); ibid., (second rheopsammocrene 10 m beside first one), 14.iv.2017 (0/2/0). Remarks: New for Montenegro and Greece. Distribution: West Mediterranean., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on pages 160-161, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Lebertia (s. str.) maglioi Thor, 1907 New records: Montenegro: Danilovgrad, Zeta River near Dobropolje, gravel, strong current, 0.7 m depth, 42��36'56.37"N 19��3'12.61"E, 14.x.2010 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0). Distribution: West Palaearctic., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 159, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Hygrobates (Hygrobates) marezaensis Pešić & Dabert, 2017 Hygrobates fluviatilis —Pešić et al. 2010 [in part]. Published records: Montenegro: Pešić et al. (2017); Croatia: Pešić et al. (2017); Albania: Pešić et al. (2017). Distribution: Montenegro, Albania, Croatia.

Atractides (Atractides) sokolowi (Motaş & Tanasachi, 1948) Published records: Montenegro: Bańkowska et al. (2016). Remarks: Re-examination of the specimen published by Bańkowska et al. (2016) under the name Atractides sokolowi showed that this identification was wrong, and the specimen belongs to A. pennatus., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on pages 168-169, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Bankowska, A., Klosowska, M., Gadawski, P., Michonski, G., Grabowski, M., Pesic, V. & Zawal, A. (2016) Oviposition by selected water mite (Hydrachnidia) species from Lake Skadar and its catchment. Biologia, 71 (9), 1027 - 1033. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / biolog- 2016 - 0126"]}

Oxus (Oxus) longisetus (Berlese, 1885) New records: Montenegro: Bar, Skadar Lake area, Poseljani spring, Schoenoplectus sp., Juncus sp., 42°18'23.8"N 19°03'13.3"E, 03.v.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0). Distribution: Palaearctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 161, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Lebertia (s.str.) pusilla Koenike, 1911 New records: Bosnia and Herzegovina: Gacko, River Zalomka near Fojnica, 43��15'32.70"N 18��21'15.57"E, 3.x.2014 Pe��ić (0/1/0). Remarks: New for Bosnia and Herzegovina. Distribution: Europe, except for the northern parts., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 160, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Lebertia (s.str.) fimbriata Thor, 1899 New records: Montenegro: Podgorica, river Cem/Cijevna near border with Albania, stones, stones, 42��25'42.3"N 19��29'04.8"E, 30.ix.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (2/0/0); Bar, Skadar Lake area, Poseljani, rheocrene, stones, moss, 0.2 m depth, 42��18'33.09"N 19��03'06.3"E, 30.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (3/0/0); Nik��ić, Rastovac, stream, stones, 42��49'28.87"N 18��54'56.91"E, 03.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/1/0); Danilovgrad, Zeta River near Mijukosavici, 42��37'20.85"N 19��2'24.69"E, 14.x.2010 Zawal, Bańkowska (2/3/0). Remarks: New for Montenegro. Distribution: West Palaearctic., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on pages 159-160, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Protzia squamosa Walter, 1908 Published records: Bosnia and Herzegovina: Pe��ić et al. (2016). Distribution: Central and Eastern Europe., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 156, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Partnunia steinmanni Walter, 1906 Published records: Bosnia and Herzegovina: Pe��ić et al. (2016); Von Fumetti et al. (2017). Distribution: Alps, Tatra, Central and Western European lower mountain ranges (Di Sabatino et al. 2010)., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 154, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Von Fumetti, S., Dmitrovic, D. & Pesic, V. (2017) The influence of flooding and river connectivity on macroinvertebrate assemblages in rheocrene springs along a third-order river. Fundamental and Applied Limnology, 190 (3), 251 - 263. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / fal / 2017 / 0992"]}

Neumania (Neumania) deltoides (Piersig, 1894) New records: Montenegro: Skadar Lake, Kruševica, 42°17'26.45"N 19°05'34.62"E 31.vii.2015 Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (7/6/1); Bar, Skadar Lake area, Poseljanski stream, eleodeids, 42°18'6.34"N 19°04'32.42"E 31.vii.2015 Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (20/1/0). Macedonia: Ohrid Lake, Struga, Myriophyllum sp., 41°10'25.5"N 20°40'34.4"E 23.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0). Albania: Skadar Lake near Gashaj, Syri and Sheganit spring, sublacustrine spring, Acorus sp., Potamogeton sp., 0.5 m depth, 42°16'17.02"N 19°23'34.02"E, 07.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0). Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011). Distribution: Palaearctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 171, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Lebertia (Pilolebertia) longiseta Bader, 1955 New records: Montenegro: Bar, Skadar Lake area, Poseljani spring, Schoenoplectus sp. Juncus sp., 42��18'23.8"N 19��03'13.3"E, 03.v.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (4/6/1); ibid., 01.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (4/0/0); Bar, Skadar Lake near Donji Murići, elodeids, 0.5 m depth, 42��9'48.96"N 19��13'16.176"E 18.vii.2015 Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (9/6/0); ibid., Potamogeton crispus, 1 m depth, 18.vii.2015 (2/2/0); Skadar Lake, Crnojevića River, Utricularia sp., depth 0.5 m, 42��21'19.8"N 19��01'47.8"E, 31.vii.2015 Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (1/0/0); ibid., 01.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (0/1/1); Podgorica, Skadar Lake area, Morača River, gravel, 1.5 m depth, 42��16'40.476"N 19��07'23.376"E 31.vii.2015 Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (3/2/0). Albania: Skadar Lake near Omare, elodeids, 0.7 m depth, 42��8'15.4"N 19��27'56.48" E 20.vii.2015 Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (3/3/0). Macedonia: Ohrid Lake, Sveti Naum, limnocrene, rocks on bottom, 40��54'50.52"N, 20��44'29.99"E, 9.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (0/1/0). Published records: Macedonia: Zawal et al. (2011). Remarks: New for Montenegro and Albania. Distribution: Northern Alps and pre-Alps (Gerecke 2009), Poland (Bańkowska et al. 2015, Zawal et al. 2015, 2017)., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 159, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Unionicola (Unionicola) gracilipalpis (K. Viets, 1908) New records: Montenegro: Bar, Skadar Lake near Krnjice, 42o15'9.73''N 19o06'39.65'' E, 06.v.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/0/1); Danilovgrad, limnocrene spring “Modro Oko” near village Braćani, sand, elodeids, 1 m depth, 42°28'53.3"N 19°07'40.4"E, 08.v.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/0/1). Remarks: New for Montenegro. Distribution: Holarctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 173, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Hydryphantes (Hydryphantes) armentarius Gerecke, 1996 Published records: Bulgaria: Lyubomirova (2017). Distribution: Central Mediterranean (Di Sabatino et al. 2010)., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 153, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Lyubomirova, L. (2017) New records of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from Iskar River Valley, Bulgaria. ZooNotes, 103, 1 - 4. Ozkan, M. & Boyaci, Y. O. (1992) Turkiye'den yeni bir Trichothyas Viets, 1936 (Thyasidae Hydrachnellae, Acari) turu. Doga-Turkish Journal of Zoology, 16, 395 - 404."]}

Partnunia naprintua Gerecke, 1996 Published records: Montenegro: Dovgal & Pe��ić (2012). Distribution: Balkan., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 153, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Hexaxonopsis (Hexaxonopsis) romijni (K. Viets, 1930) Axonopsis (Hexaxonopsis) romijni —Pešić et al. 2010, p. 76. New records: Montenegro: Bar, Skadar Lake near Donji Murici, Juncus sp., 0.7 m depth, 42°09'47.50"N 19°13'19.70"E, Zawal, Bańkowska (1/2/0); Bar, Poseljani, stream near Donje jelo, moss, 42°18'34.0 "N 19°03'06.4"E, 15.vi.2017 Pešić, Zawal, Pietrzak (3/1/0). Distribution: Western and central Europe. Remarks: Hexaxonopsis has recently been raised to full generic rank (Smith et al. 2015)., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on pages 177-178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Smith, I. M., Cook, D. R. & Gerecke, R. (2015) Revision of the status of some genus-level water mite taxa in the families Pionidae Thor, 1900, Aturidae Thor, 1900, and Nudomideopsidae Smith, 1990 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae). Zootaxa, 3919 (1), 111 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3919.1.6"]}

Parabrachypoda mutila Walter, 1928 Brachypoda (Hemibrachypoda) mutila ���Pe��ić et al. 2010, p. 77. New records: Montenegro: Bar, Skadar Lake area, Poseljani, rheocrene, stones, moss, 0.2 m depth, 42��18'33.09"N 19��03'06.3"E, 19.vii.2014 Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (2/0/0)., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Lebertia (s. str.) schechteli Thor, 1913 New records: Montenegro: Nik��ić, Vidrovan stream, stones, gravel, 42��51'27.1"N 18��56'29.4"E, 17.vi.2017 Pe��ić, Zawal, Pietrzak (3/4/0). Macedonia: Podgoricko Lake, rheocrene at the lake shore, near border with Albania, near Shebenik-Jabllanic�� National Park, 41��15'31.64"N 20��31'22.15"E, 30.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0). Published records: Macedonia: Zawal et al. (2011). Distribution: Western, central and southeastern Europe., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 160, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Hygrobates (Hygrobates) longipalpis (Hermann, 1804) New records: Montenegro: Podgorica, Skadar Lake area, Drume, Vitoja spring, rheolimnocrene, sand, 0.5 m depth, 42°19'32.5"N 19°21'45.9"E, 27.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (103/76/2); ibid., 02.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (1/1/2); Bar, Skadar Lake area, Poseljani spring, Schoenoplectus sp., Juncus sp., 42°18'23.8"N 19°03'13.3"E, 03.v.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (5/0/0); Danilovgrad, limnocrene spring “Modro Oko” near village Braćani, sand, elodeids, 1 m depth, 42°28'53.3" N 19°07'40.4"E, 29.ix.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (125/ 82/17). Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011); Zawal et al. (2011). Distribution: Holarctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 169, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Arrenurus (Megaluracarus) conicus Piersig, 1894 Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011); Zawal et al. (2011). Distribution: Western Palaearctic., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Hydrodroma pilosa Besseling, 1940 New records: Montenegro: Podgorica, rheocrene near Cem/Cijevna River, near border with Albania, stones, 42��25'26.7"N 19��27'41.3"E, 30.ix.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/3/0). Distribution: Western Palaearctic., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 157, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Piona alpicola (Neuman, 1880) New records: Montenegro: Podgorica, Malo Blato, Sinjac, river, Batrachium sp., Potamogeton crispus, Fontinalis sp., 42°21'58.3"N 19°09'18.0"E, 27.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0). Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011). Remarks: New for Montenegro. Distribution: Holarctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 174, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Atractides (Atractides) oblongus (Walter, 1944) Published records: Bulgaria: Lyubomirova (2017). Distribution: Alps, central Europe, Carpathians and the Balkan (Gerecke et al. 2016)., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 168, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Lyubomirova, L. (2017) New records of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from Iskar River Valley, Bulgaria. ZooNotes, 103, 1 - 4. Ozkan, M. & Boyaci, Y. O. (1992) Turkiye'den yeni bir Trichothyas Viets, 1936 (Thyasidae Hydrachnellae, Acari) turu. Doga-Turkish Journal of Zoology, 16, 395 - 404.","Gerecke, R., Gledhill, T., Pesic, V. & Smit, H. (2016) Chelicerata: Acari III. In: Gerecke, R. (Ed.), Susswasserfauna von Mitteleuropa. Bd. 7 / 2 - 3, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 1 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 8274 - 2689 - 5"]}

Arrenurus (Arrenurus) cuspidifer Piersig, 1894 New records: Montenegro: Podgorica, Skadar Lake area, Drume, stream Vitoja, 42o19'32.5"N 19o21'45.9"E, 27.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0). Distribution: Palaearctic., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Lebertia (Mixolebertia) separata Lundblad, 1930 New records: Montenegro: Nik��ić, Rastovac, spring, stones, 42��49'28.87"N 18��54'56.91"E, 03.x. 201, Zawal, Bańkowska (0/1/0). Distribution: Central and southeastern Europe., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 161, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Brachypodopsis (Brachypodopsis) gracilis Piersig, 1903 Axonopsis (Brachypodopsis) gracilis ���Pe��ić et al. 2010, p. 76. New records: Montenegro: Bar, Skadar Lake near Donji Murići, Juncus sp., 0.7 m depth, 42��09'47.50"N 19��13'19.70"E, 05.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0). Distribution: Central and southeastern Europe (Gerecke et al. 2016). Remarks: Brachypodopsis has recently been raised to full generic rank (Smith et al. 2015)., Published as part of Pe��i��, Vladimir, Ba��kowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Micha��, Micho��ski, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 177, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Gerecke, R., Gledhill, T., Pesic, V. & Smit, H. (2016) Chelicerata: Acari III. In: Gerecke, R. (Ed.), Susswasserfauna von Mitteleuropa. Bd. 7 / 2 - 3, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 1 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 8274 - 2689 - 5","Smith, I. M., Cook, D. R. & Gerecke, R. (2015) Revision of the status of some genus-level water mite taxa in the families Pionidae Thor, 1900, Aturidae Thor, 1900, and Nudomideopsidae Smith, 1990 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae). Zootaxa, 3919 (1), 111 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3919.1.6"]}