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Market needs and demands are contingent upon continuous work on finding better, faster, more efficient and more economic systems of goods flow. The intention is to optimize the logistic processes along the supply chain in terms of achieving economic, temporal, spatial and environmental improvements. One of the possible methods to improve the efficiency of supply chains is the introduction of the cross-docking (CD) concept. The essence of the CD concept is reflected in the consolidation of goods flows into the CD terminals with little or no storage of goods. The objective is to achieve optimization of time, space and costs. This paper presents the role of the CD concept in logistics chains, description of the CD terminals, and then the advantages and disadvantages of their application. The primary objective of this paper is to present the role, advantages and disadvantages of implementing the CD concept in logistics chains

Hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation can effectively solve the problem of wind and photovoltaic energy curtailment and reduction of greenhouse gas emission, and realize the low-cost transportation of hydrogen in large scale, so it becomes an important way to achieve the "double carbon" goal. However, the risk of hydrogen embrittlement will be brought by blending hydrogen to the existing natural gas pipeline system and relevant transportation facilities. Therefore, the mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement was analyzed based on the structural composition of hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation system. Meanwhile, investigation was performed for the hydrogen embrittlement of the pipelines, welds, valves, compression devices, storage units and terminals of the hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation system. On this basis, countermeasures for prevention of hydrogen embrittlement were put forward. Then, the prospect and development of hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation system were forecast. Generally, the research results could provide reference for the large-scale and market-oriented development of hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation in China, and the improvement of research and development of pipeline hydrogen transportation technology and equipment, further accelerating the safe development of hydrogen economy.

This study examines the potential for reduced risks in roundwood transport by rail. The study quantifies seasonal variation and system risks under boreal conditions, as well as practical routines for managerial response to these. The study case is based on an integrated forest company with 11 supply terminals supplying coastal mills in mid-Sweden. The terminals were distributed from south to north Sweden, with six core terminals located in the interior- and mid-supply zones for coastal mills. The monthly flows ranged from 75 to 118% of the annual average and the monthly variability of terminal inflows was 67% higher for the interior than the mid-zone terminals. Comparing inflows between assortments, the lowest variability was for coniferous pulpwood (8%) and pine sawlogs (18%), increasing thereafter to deciduous pulpwood (28%) and spruce sawlogs (53%). Regarding rail system disturbances, the frequency of deviations from scheduled routes for the core terminals was 16–17%, resulting in canceled routes for 53–65% of deviations. Two mitigation scenarios were tested to reduce supply risks (scenario 1) and a combination of supply and system risks (scenario 2). These risk mitigation scenarios had only marginal effects on system costs (< 1%). The optimal solutions, however, involved a 4–5% reduction of truck transport output (m3km per period) and 7–8% increase in rail output. From the perspective of rail operations, interviews with service buyers and providers showed that the mitigation scenarios were fully feasible on an annual planning horizon. Further options are provided for quarterly, monthly, and weekly horizons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Producao Online is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Engenharia de Producao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The issues of energy development management of Germany at the present stage, in the near and long term are analyzed. The sources of fuel resources typical for the country's economy are considered taking into account many criteria. Considerable attention was paid to logistical issues, the construction of terminals for receiving reduced natural gas, which will make it possible to receive it from producers from many regions of the world. It is noted that in the future, as production expands and costs decrease, it is planned to use such terminals to receive hydrogen, one of the promising types of fuel supplied to the country by sea, which is the essence of the dual logistics model. A model for the development of the German energy sector is proposed. It is shown that in the future the leading role in providing the country with energy will be played by wind and solar power plants, which have economic and environmental advantages.

The article considers the current problem to build terminals for the import of liquefied natural gas (LNG). The paper demonstrates that projects considered in recent years have been hampered due to lack of investment and lack of demand. Due to the aggravation of the conflict in Ukraine and the desire to reduce energy dependence on natural gas supplies from Russia, these projects is necessary for Germany’s economy. We examine the criticism of the projects by environmental public organizations. The article analyzes the unprecedented speed of investment decisions in the energy infrastructure, the newly created framework conditions by the Law on accelerating the construction of LNG terminals. The article discusses that the German federal government assigns them a key role in ensuring the security of gas supplies. On the example of key locations: Brunsbüttel, Wilhelmshaven and Stade, we examine various options potential investors. We hypothesise that in the future, these projects open up Germany the possibility of global natural gas supplies without the use of pipelines and, thus, interaction with new market players. Simultaneously, although LNG volumes from terminals in neighboring European countries are also available to the German natural gas market. This paper proved that in detail the importance for ensuring the reliability of gas supply of planned domestic investments that do not depend solely on commercial benefits. Significant positive impact of gas infrastructure is only found in the context of hydrogen energy in the country.

To reduce carbon emissions, logistics companies take measures to achieve the climate neutrality target to reach "Green Logistics." As one of the valuable measures, gradually replacing present fossil fuel vehicles with electric vehicles for parcel delivery and linehaul transportation is scheduled at the terminals of logistics companies. The charging load of a fully electrified vehicle fleet challenges the terminal power system. The integrated optimization of sizing and energy management strategy is employed to design, model, optimize, and compare capacity expansion plans involving different combinations and various energy elements. These plans include upgrading the grid connection through the addition of a new transformer and incorporating renewable energy sources and/or energy storage sources. The evaluation encompasses both technical and economic considerations. The effects of different prices of electricity and components, energy management strategy, and uncertainty of power generation and load demand on the choice of optimal solutions, corresponding component sizes, and overall cost were compared and analyzed. The economic feasibility of upgrading the grid connection is demonstrated to be superior compared to utilizing energy storage sources. • The terminal electrification of a logistics company with an electric vehicle fleet • A techno-economic assessment of capacity expansion planning for the terminal • Optimal solutions with renewable energy, energy storage, and grid connection • Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses with prices, strategies, generation, and load • Specified electricity tariffs and policy support for electricity costs in Sweden [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of autonomous systems at wood processing sites of forest industries can significantly increase safety, productivity and efficiency by reducing the number of monotonous and dangerous tasks conducted by human labor utilizing heavy machinery. However, autonomous machine operation in mill yards is challenging because of the dynamic and complex working environment and partly unstructured processes. The inherent complexity of wood handling and storage tasks requires significant human expertise. Rapid advancements in sensor technologies and machine learning techniques, along with increases in available computational power have enabled progress in automated operation frameworks and algorithms development, which opens the door to the introduction of novel autonomous systems into this environment. With the aim of gaining a better understanding of current issues and facilitating optimal strategies for the deployment of high-level autonomous systems in mill yard environments, this study: (1) utilizes a systematic literature review to map current autonomous technologies and algorithms suitable for adoption by the forest industry in automation of vehicles working in mill yards; (2) summarizes and discusses the potential feasibility of the considered sensors, systems and adoption strategies, and considers implementation challenges for high-level autonomous machinery in mill yard environments; and (3) proposes a system framework that integrates multiple technologies to enable autonomous navigation and material handling in mill yards. The study is the first of its kind as a comprehensive study on autonomous vehicles and machinery in mill yard environments. Our novel framework aids in the identification of follow-up research areas and thus promotes the adoption and use of complex autonomous systems in industrial environments.

The ultrasonic welding technology is widely promoted as a new connection approach in the field of current energy vehicle wiring harness connection. In this paper, three kinds of 25mm2 copper wire harnesses with different wire diameters and T2 copper terminals with different surface roughness were welded by ultrasonic welding. The mechanical properties of the joints were investigated by tensile experiments and the microstructure of joints was characterised using SEM and EBSD techniques. Excessive roughness increases plastic deformation at the weld interface during ultrasonic welding. This increases the dislocation density at the weld interface and refines the grain size. However, at the same time it inhibits recrystallisation to a certain extent. The lower roughness facilitates recrystallisation, but the low density of HAGBs makes the interface susceptible to slip in extended crystallographic plane and direction. Appropriate roughness allows the weld interface to generate fine equiaxed grains and a high density of HAGBs. This facilitates the obstruction of dislocation movement and improves the strength of joint. In addition, the high porosity of a longitudinal cross-section of the conductor with its small diameter was investigated. This results in a large number of wires remaining on the terminals when force is applied. It was determined that the larger a diameter of wire, the higher a cross-sectional porosity. The copper wire breaks at a weak point in cross-section when the force is applied, resulting in the entire wire being left on terminal. At a wire diameter of 0.2 mm, the porosity of a cross-section reaches an equilibrium and the strength of joint is even higher than the strength of material itself, resulting in the joint pulling off. The maximum strength reaches 4703.77 N. • Copper wires were soldered to terminals with right roughness and improved mechanical properties and stability of joints. • Observation of the transverse and longitudinal interfaces of the joints revealed opposite moulding effects. • Joint strength has achieved peak with balanced transverse and longitudinal porosity for 0.2 mm wire diameter. • EBSD analysis explored, how terminal surface roughness affects recrystallization and mechanical properties. • Three connector failure modes are outlined and the cause of the failure is investigated and explained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers have investigated the impact of the Internet of Things on port performance in order to identify IoT applications and determine any changes that may be needed. Tangier Med Port will be able to compete better than its rivals, significantly improving its efficiency. A real-time tracking and monitoring application can be used to track vessels and containers in the first application. In addition to managing traffic or allocating priority and services to vessels moving through the port jurisdiction, information about vessels and containers can also be utilized to stack containers optimally at the port terminals. Thirdly, the Internet of Things facilitates the transition from manual to automated ports/terminals. Fourth, they can spend less time interacting with customers daily. Furthermore, the increased exchange of data will allow existing processes to be optimized. If all the likely threats can be dealt with, the aforementioned points above may have profound effects on the performance of Tangier Med Port, especially its efficiency in its principal activity, which is container activity. This development should be driven by all stakeholders of Tangier Med Port. When compared to its two main rivals, Algeciras and Valencia, Tanger Med can become the most attractive port if it encourages other parties to follow the development of the Internet of Things. Additionally, Port Tanger Med has a geographical advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economy of Singapore is characterised by a stable political environment, favourable business conditions and very well-developed infrastructure attracting foreign direct investment, being the driving force of the economy. It is highly dependent on export, as well as on the dynamic sectors of transport, business and financial services. Singapore’s natural deep-sea ports and the geographical location at the crossroads of important shipping channels makes its trade a major economic sector, next to production and services. There are currently more than 5,000 maritime companies operating in Singapore, including over 130 international shipping groups, which constitute an important pillar for the international maritime transport hub. This article discusses Singapore’s economic situation by analysing the dynamic GDP growth over the years 1960– 2016 as well as other economic indicators achieved in 2004–2017, including the dynamics of foreign trade. This research covers the port’s ownership and organisational structure, and its terminals have been reviewed in terms of their location, infrastructure and functions by taking into account the new generation terminal of the port of Tuas, currently under development. Over the years, the port has seen a steady increase in revenue from transhipment, which is confirmed by the dynamics of the container volume growth over the years 1972–2017, the transhipment volume over the years 2007–2018 and the number of container ships calling at the port along with their total capacity over the years 2007–2017, as elaborated in the article.

This paper presents the main positive effects of intermodal integration management especially in times of crisis, such as the covid-19 pandemic and not only, intermodal transport proving to be one of the safest systems, with which large quantities can be transported of goods on long, fixed, and controlled routes, with less staff. Intermodal transport plays a strategic role, but there are also certain problems encountered, which will be presented. In the context of intermodal integration, rail transport is the main player in protecting the environment and conserving energy resources. The study presents an analysis of the main notions, differences, barriers, solutions to increase quality and stimulate interest in intermodal transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economy of Singapore is characterised by a stable political environment, favourable business conditions and very well-developed infrastructure attracting foreign direct investment, being the driving force of the economy. It is highly dependent on export, as well as on the dynamic sectors of transport, business and financial services. Singapore's natural deep-sea ports and the geographical location at the crossroads of important shipping channels makes its trade a major economic sector, next to production and services. There are currently more than 5,000 maritime companies operating in Singapore, including over 130 international shipping groups, which constitute an important pillar for the international maritime transport hub. This article discusses Singapore's economic situation by analysing the dynamic GDP growth over the years 1960-2016 as well as other economic indicators achieved in 2004-2017, including the dynamics of foreign trade. This research covers the port's ownership and organisational structure, and its terminals have been reviewed in terms of their location, infrastructure and functions by taking into account the new generation terminal of the port of Tuas, currently under development. Over the years, the port has seen a steady increase in revenue from transhipment, which is confirmed by the dynamics of the container volume growth over the years 1972-2017, the transhipment volume over the years 2007-2018 and the number of container ships calling at the port along with their total capacity over the years 2007-2017, as elaborated in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cilegon is one of the National Activity Centre (PKN) in Banten Province. As PKN, Cilegon generate movement from out of town towards Cilegon, either using AKAP/AKDP buses and urban transportation from the place of origin. Many AKAP/AKDP bus passengers fell in the shadow of the terminal, while the urban transport passengers from the outside get into the city of Cilegon and drop off passengers . The number of outer urban transport operating in Cilegon Cilegon City area adds to congestion in Jalan Sultan and Jalan Ahmad Yani Ageng Tirtayasa , especially at rush hour. Therefor, the Government of Cilegon Municipality then implement the construction of SeruniTerminal, officially put into operation on April 1, 2013. With the expected Seruni terminal buses no longer drop off passengers at the terminal shadow, and urban transport outside the city of Cilegon not get into town. Positivistic approach and methods used in this study is a quantitative method , as well as some analysis used : (1) the analysis of the characteristics of SeruniTerminal, (2) analysis of traffic volume in Seruni Terminal, (3) analysis of urban transport route network in Cilegon, and (4) policy analysis for development of The Seruni Terminal, is expected to answer the research question, namely : " the role of Seruni Terminal in the urban transport system in Cilegon Municipality? "The results obtained from this study is the lack of Seruni Terminal has a role in urban transport systems in Cilegon. To enhance the role, it’s can be done with urban transport route A.01 Cilegon-Anyer and Merak-Cilegon M.01 directed toward Seruni Terminal, and/or the addition of a new trajectory Cilegon-JLS. Therefor, Seruni Terminal is expected to increase the role of the movement in serving urban communities in Cilegon.

The article describes the conditions of modern economic development and needs to improve innovation and investment activities of container carriers require orientation to modern methods of organization and management, the transition to more efficient models, optimizing the use of investment resources and improve the innovation activities of companies.

Copyright of Research of Environmental Sciences is the property of Research of Environmental Sciences Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Crimping of terminals to wire strands is crucial in electrical power transmission system. It has been reported that, in electrical inter connections, 60% failure takes place in crimped junctions. Improving crimped connections can decrease the resistance to the current flow through terminals, reduced power loss, sparks, and over-heating in the joints etc. To overcome these problems occurring in conventional crimping process a novel technique for effective wire crimping has been proposed in this paper. A strong pulsed electromagnetic field was used in wire crimping of aluminum terminal with copper wire. Numerical simulations were carried out using LS-DYNA™ software in the electromagnetic module. Its results were utilized to design the coil and to find the optimum discharge voltage required for uniform deformation of terminals. Experiments were carried out at optimized discharge voltages obtained from the numerical simulation results to demonstrate the feasibility of electromagnetic wire crimping process. Effect of the threaded and plain profile of crimped terminals was investigated. Results like terminal deformation, cross-sectional analysis, contact resistance, pullout strength and hardness testing were carried out. This work will be helpful to the industries where wire crimped connections are used in large numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives basic information about Liquefied Natural Gas as a greener alternative to other fossil fuels. It focuses on basic properties of LNG, which are fundamental to understanding LNG correctly and then possibly use it as a fuel for ships, trucks, etc. Furthermore, it focuses on essential parts of a process chain of LNG transport, which is liquefaction, transport of LNG itself and regasification. Closer look is given to the usage of far less preferred alternative for transport, which is inland navigation.

In this paper we study terminal embeddings , in which one is given a finite metric ( X , d X ) (or a graph G = ( V , E ) ) and a subset K ⊆ X of its points are designated as terminals . The objective is to embed the metric into a normed space, while approximately preserving all distances among pairs that contain a terminal. We devise such embeddings in various settings, and conclude that even though we have to preserve ≈ | K | ⋅ | X | pairs, the distortion depends only on | K | , rather than on | X | . We also strengthen this notion, and consider embeddings that approximately preserve the distances between all pairs, but provide improved distortion for pairs containing a terminal. Surprisingly, we show that such embeddings exist in many settings, and have optimal distortion bounds both with respect to X × X and with respect to K × X . Moreover, our embeddings have implications to the areas of Approximation and Online Algorithms. In particular, [10] devised an O ˜ ( log ⁡ r ) -approximation algorithm for sparsest-cut instances with r demands. Building on their framework, we provide an O ˜ ( log ⁡ | K | ) - approximation for sparsest-cut instances in which each demand is incident on one of the vertices of K (aka, terminals). Since | K | ≤ r , our bound generalizes that of [10] . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The operational data of port terminals is often evaluated by operators and scholars, with the purposes of finding characteristics that lead to superior performance, or identifying the most efficient terminal in a sample. However, most authors and analysts use methodologies that do not allow distinguishing between manageable and unmanageable (exogenous) factors, thus often leading to ambiguous results and making the definition of targets a difficult task. This article proposes a methodology to overcome this limitation, based on the breakdown of the high-level Overall Equipment Effectiveness indicator into a set of indicators, each addressing either manageable or unmanageable factors. Based on this set it is possible to define achievable efficiency targets for each terminal, considering the unique constraints affecting each one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present an approach to transmit data from the source to the destination through a minimal path (least-cost path) in a computer network of n nodes. The motivation behind our approach is to address the problem of finding a minimal path between the source and destination. From the work we have studied, we found that a Steiner tree with bounded Steiner vertices offers a good solution. A novel algorithm to construct a Steiner tree with vertices and bounded Steiner vertices is proposed in this paper. The algorithm finds a path from each source to each destination at a minimum cost and minimum number of Steiner vertices. We propose both the sequential and parallel versions. We also conducted a comparative study of sequential and parallel versions based on time complexity, which proved that parallel implementation is more efficient than sequential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]