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Background: Nail disorders account for about 10% of all dermatological conditions. Onychoscopy is useful not only for their diagnosis but also for assessing severity/progression and monitoring the response to therapy. Aims and Objectives: Describing dermoscopic features of nail disorders in patients reporting to the dermatology OPD of our tertiary care hospital and recording the sociodemographic profiles thereof. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 176 patients with effect from August 2019 to August 2021. Results: Males (99; 56.25%) outnumbered females (77; 43.75%); males: female: 1.28: 1; their mean age was 35.8 years. Fingernails were affected more oftener (84.09%) than toenails (38.64%). Onychomycosis, the commonest (58;32.95%) condition, revealed findings of aurora borealis pattern (75.86%), subungual hyperkeratosis (72.41%), and onycholysis with jagged edges and spikes (68.97%). The next frequent (32;18.18%) condition was nail psoriasis which revealed pits (81.25%); onycholysis (62.5%) and dilated globose nail fold vessels on capillaroscopy (25%). Limitations: The small sample size proved inadequate for the evaluation of statistical significance in the less common conditions and the correlation of disease severity of many. Ideally, confirmatory diagnostic tests should have been done in every patient, as indicated. The magnification of our dermoscopy was 10X; 20- and 40X permit better capillaroscopy. Conclusions: Onychocopy can minimize the need for biopsy by highlighting subtle changes and helps narrow down the differentials. It is potentially a diagnostic test of choice in younger children. Our study helped to grade the severity of connective tissue disorders and establish the benignity of melanonychia. Photographic documentation facilitates record-keeping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dermatological problems in pediatric population constitute at least one third of all outpatient visits to pediatricians and dermatologists, associated with significant morbidity. There is a relative paucity of data calculating the prevalence of pediatric dermatoses in developing countries like India with low socioeconomic factors, poor hygiene and malnutrition being the contributing factors. Aim and Objectives: To study the prevalence and pattern of dermatoses in pediatric attendees of our tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: Nine hundred four pediatric patients aged 0-18 years attending the dermatology outpatient department and those from emergency referral of our tertiary care hospital were enrolled in this cross-sectional type of observational study carried over a period of two years. Results: Our study included 497 males and 407 females aged 0-18 years. Patients with non-infectious dermatoses: 555 (61%) and those with infectious dermatoses: 349 (39%). Fungal infections (156, 45%) were the most common finding in infectious dermatoses; atopic eczema (99, 17.84%) being the commonest in non-infectious dermatoses. Conclusion: Our study reflects the various patterns of dermatoses among paediatric patients. This information would further help in creating awareness about common dermatoses that are easily preventable by maintaining proper self-care and good personal hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]