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The main objective of this work is to characterize the stress–strain relationship of cross-laminated timber (CLT) wall panels when loaded in compression and how different confinement mechanisms provide compression reinforcement for the CLT panels. CLT crushing tests were performed to define the behavior of CLT under compression up to the failure point, defined here as the strain at which the gross stress falls by 20% from the peak value. Testing included monotonic uniform compression experiments of five-ply CLT with specimens that were 0.457 m wide by 1.52 m long. The motion of the specimens perpendicular to loading direction was restrained at midlength to prevent buckling. Twelve specimens were tested, including six bare CLT specimens and six reinforced specimens of CLT—three with self-tapping screws while the other three with self-tapping screws and an additional U-shape steel plate at the bottom of the specimens. Various damage points were observed during the tests, including (1) point at the onset of damage (through visual observation and instrumental observation) (2) point of initiation of strength degradation, (3) point at which buckling occurs, (4) point at which 25.4 mm delamination was observed, and (5) failure point. Three axial compression stress–strain models were adopted, calibrated, and compared. Results indicate that a stress–strain model combining linear and cubic functions for the elastic and softening responses, respectively, captures well the CLT inelastic behavior under compression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass ply panel (MPP) is a new mass timber product that was recently introduced for structural applications in buildings. Although there have been several studies on characterizing the mechanical properties and structural performance of MPP, there is a lack of understanding regarding in-plane shear properties of the panels. More intensive studies should be done for MPP to provide a comprehensive understanding of its behavior. This paper presents an experimental study to characterize the effective in-plane shear modulus and shear strength of MPP in the major strength direction of the panel. Two experiments, including multiple span-length center-point bending tests and a novel large-scale shear test, were conducted. The test results were presented and compared with previous studies and the manufacturer's product report. The new test proposed for shear strength characterization has the potential to be an industry standard for mass timber panels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels in building applications have been investigated extensively. However, limited information is available regarding the performance of CLT panels for bridge applications, as well as the torsional performance of CLT panels under asymmetric loading, geometry, and boundary conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the torsional performance of skewed CLT pedestrian interior bridge deck panels through large-scale structural testing. The panels were designed as a pedestrian bridge crossing over an atrium of The Canyons building in Portland, OR. The test panels were subjected to line and uniformly distributed loads to replicate the reactions from the adjacent panels and design loads directly applied to the panel, respectively. Two different loading configurations based on the 2014 Oregon Structural Specialty Code (OSSC) were applied with up to three different loading intensity levels. An additional loading configuration, which was beyond the scope of the OSSC, was also applied in the second series of tests to determine if panel failure could be induced. The test results demonstrated that the test panels were able to recover their original shape without suffering major damages on the panel. The measured residual deformation after the removal of the applied load was very small. The findings of this study broaden the current state of knowledge of the structural performance of a CLT bridge deck panel under asymmetric loading, and the test results can be used for future design problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]