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Four new prenylflavonol glycosides ( 1-4 ) along with two known analogues ( 5-6 ) were isolated from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus for the first time. The structures of these compounds were characterized by comprehensive analysis of 1 D, 2 D NMR, HRESIMS, UV data and enzymatic hydrolysis. In bioassays, compounds 1-4 were evaluated for inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase (XOD) and effects on the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, compounds 1 and 2 showed outstanding XOD inhibitions with IC 50 values of 18.16 ± 3.91 and 37.65 ± 5.67 µM, and exhibited inhibitions against LPS-induced NO production with IC 50 values of 80.50 ± 3.09 and 82.28 ± 2.87 µM.

Three previously undescribed seco -dammarane triterpenoid glycosides O-Q ( 1-3 ) along with two known compounds ( 4 and 5 ) were isolated and characterized from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus . Their structures were determined by comprehensive analysis of 1 D, 2 D NMR and HRESIMS data. Compounds 1-5 were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against human pancreatic tumor (ASPC-1), human gastric carcinoma (SNU5), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG-2) and human colon tumor (HCT116) cell lines. Among them cyclocarioside P ( 2 ) showed somewhat inhibitory activity towards those tumor cells.