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The present study aims to perform a comparative analysis of vegetable oils and their two-component blends using infrared spectroscopy and refractometry. The study was conducted in Almaty (Kazakhstan) in 2020. Three samples of 44 vegetable oils and their blends made from two components were examined. Fractometry and infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate the properties of blended vegetable oils. To this end, the fatty acid fraction (in percentage), iodine number, and index of refraction (IOR) were calculated. Afterward, the spectrograms obtained for the blends were analyzed. It was found that the difference between the intensities of weak bands and the band expansion of 722 cm−1 indicates greater expressiveness. When low-intensity bands (1653 cm−1) become more distinct due to vibrations of double carbon bonds (C-bonds), the level of unsaturated fatty acids in the blend increases as well.

The purpose is to evaluate the phytosanitary status and the yields of individual potato varieties planted during the period from 2016 to 2021 on the territory of Kazakhstan. The study was conducted in 2016–2019 in the Almaty region, Kazakhstan. Ten varieties of potatoes were grown in the control and experimental fields. Potatoes were planted according to the state standards (GOST, governmental standard; hole system) in the control fields and according to the Dutch method in the experimental fields. The study found that 7 out of the 10 potato varieties planted in the experimental fields in 2016–2019 had at least 10 tons higher yields as compared to the varieties planted in the control fields (р = 0.01). The yields produced by the remaining 3 potato varieties were 7–10 tons higher in the experimental fields than in the control fields (р = 0.05). According to phytosanitary findings, soft rot was 22 times more common in the control fields than in the experimental fields (р = 0.01). The incidence of blackleg ranged from 1.3 to 3.8% in the control fields and from 0.3 to 0.7% in the experimental fields (р = 0.01). Viral infections were confirmed in 34.9% of cases in the control fields and in up to 15% of cases in the experimental fields (р = 0.05).