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Nasl. z nasl. zaslona. Opis vira z dne 3. 2. 2023.

Over the last decades the vitality and productivity of European ash trees in Slovenia has been seriously impacted by the onset of canker and dieback disease symptoms on young and old trees, primarily identified as ash dieback caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Given the limited information available about the aetiology of this emerging disease, a study was carried out to isolate, identify and characterize the fungal species involved in the observed ash symptoms. Field surveys were conducted in five forest sites where 50 symptomatic branch samples were collected. All samples were inspected and used for fungal isolation. Based on morphology, colony appearance and DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), 125 fungal colonies belonging to five species were isolated and identified. Only a few symptomatic ash samples yielded colonies of H. fraxineus, whereas Botryosphaeriaceae species were isolated with a high frequency, with Diplodia fraxini as the dominant species. A pathogenicity test proved that all isolated species were pathogenic on European ash, causing bark lesions and wood discoloration. All Botryosphaeriaceae species isolated in this study are reported for the first time on European ash in Slovenia. Avtorji iz Slov.: Ana Brglez, Barbara Piškur, Nikica Ogris. Bibliografija: str. 27-28.

Purpose of the Review One of the major threats to tree health, and hence the resilience of forests and their provision of ecosystem services, is new and emerging pests. Therefore, forest health monitoring is of major importance to detect invasive, emerging and native pest outbreaks. This is usually done by foresters and forest health experts, but can also be complemented by citizen scientists. Here, we review the use of citizen science for detection and monitoring, as well as for hypothesis-driven research and evaluation of control measures as part of forest pest surveillance and research. We then examine its limitations and opportunities and make recommendations on the use of citizen science for forest pest monitoring. Recent Findings The main opportunities of citizen scientists for forest health are early warning, early detection of new pests, monitoring of impact of outbreaks and scientific research. Each domain has its own limitations, opportunities and recommendations to follow, as well as their own public engagement strategies. The development of new technologies provides many opportunities to involve citizen scientists in forest pest monitoring. To enhance the benefits of citizen scientists’ inclusion in monitoring, it is important that they are involved in the cocreation of activities. Summary Future monitoring and research may benefit from tailor-made citizen science projects to facilitate successful monitoring by citizen scientists and expand their practice to countries where the forest health sector is less developed. In this sense, citizen scientists can help understand and detect outbreaks of new pests and avoid problems in the future. Nasl. z nasl. zaslona. Opis vira z dne 28. 11. 2022. Bibliografija: str. 27–32. Abstract.

Mineva šest let od prve najdbe invazivne tujerodne hrastove čipkarke (Corythucha arcuata) v Sloveniji, ki se že širi po vsej državi. V zadnjih letih je bilo ugotovljeno, da v slovenskih gozdovih gozdarji vrsto že prepoznavajo kot problematično. Negativni vplivi hrastove čipkarke se kažejo v rjavenju krošenj in zmanjšanju stopnje fotosinteze. Dolgoročni vplivi vrste na hraste in različne druge organizme, povezane s hrasti, pa še niso dobro raziskani. Trenutno potekajo tudi raziskave o možnostih zatiranja tega škodljivega organizma. Pripravili smo povzetek biologije, vplivov in raziskav o možnostih obvladovanja hrastove čipkarke. Za boljše razumevanje širjenja in vpliva hrastove čipkarke v slovenskih gozdovih vas vabimo k sodelovanju in sporočanju opažanj v informacijski sistem Invazivke (www.invazivke.si). It has been six years since the invasive oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata) arrived in Slovenia and is slowly spreading over large parts of the country. Recent surveys have shown that foresters recognise that the oak lace bug is a problem for Slovenian forests. The effects are mainly a browning of the tree crowns and a decrease in photosynthesis. The longterm consequences for the trees and the interactions between other oak-related species are not yet well understood. There is research going on on different management options. We have prepared an article providing an overview of the biology, impacts, and research on control options. To better understand the spread and impact of the oak lace bug, we invite you all to submit your observations to the information system “Invazivke” (www.invazivke.si).

Karantenski škodljivi organizmi (KŠO) rastlin so organizmi, ki na območju EU niso prisotni oziroma so prisotni le v omejenem (obvladljivem) obsegu. V novi evropski zakonodaji s področja zdravja rastlin so med drugim opredeljeni seznami prednostnih KŠO, za katere mora vsaka država članica pripraviti načrte izrednih ukrepov za izkoreninjenje ob morebitni najdbi na njenem ozemlju ter te načrte redno testirati s simulacijskimi vajami. Karantenski škodljivi organizmi lahko povzročijo velike negativne gospodarske, okoljske in družbene učinke, zato je ob najdbi na območju EU potrebno njihovo takojšnje izkoreninjenje. Z namenom vpogleda v trenutno pripravljenost izvajalcev gozdarskih storitev za ukrepanje v primeru napada KŠO smo v septembru 2020 izvedli anketiranje v vzorec smo zajeli 11,8 % vseh registriranih izvajalcev gozdnih del v Sloveniji. Izvajalci največ informacij o KŠO pridobijo od strokovnega osebja na terenu, kar kaže na dobro delo gozdarske stroke v preteklosti, poleg tega so za informiranje o KŠO zaslužne tudi namenske projektne aktivnosti. V večini primerov (72,1 %) bi izvajalci o najdbi KŠO v gozdu najprej obvestili ZGS. Izvajalci del se v nasprotju z gozdarskimi strokovnjaki in študenti (anketa izvedena 2019) večinoma strinjajo, da je slovenska javnost dobro obveščena o KŠO. Več kot polovica izvajalcev (60,7 %) je izrazila pripravljenost za izobraževanje o KŠO (33,3 % le, če bi bila brezplačna), 66,4 % jih je zainteresiranih za vključitev v skupino za hitro ukrepanje ob napadu KŠO. Anketa kaže, da je ponudnikov pomembnih storitev za izkoreninjanje KŠO relativno malo % panje odstranjuje le 10,5 % izvajalcev, 18,8 % pa izvaja arboristične storitve in sečnjo na višini. Rezultati so pokazali na potrebo po nadaljnjem izobraževanju deležnikov prek strokovnega dela javne gozdarske službe in strokovnih nalog zdravstvenega varstva rastlin v gozdarstvu ter nadaljevanju uspešnih promocijskih in izobraževalnih projektnih aktivnosti (npr. LIFE ARTEMIS). Izobraževanje o KŠO je treba vključiti tudi v izobraževalne programe s področja gozdarstva. Quarantine pests are organisms that are not present in the EU or are present only in a limited (manageable) area. The new European legislation in the field of plant health introduced the list of priority plant pests and EU members have to prepare and keep up-to-date contingency plans and carry out simulation exercises. Quarantine pests can have a major negative impact on the economy, environment and society, so findings in the EU require immediate eradication. To gain insight into the current capacity of Slovenian forestry contractors to act, we conducted a survey in September 2020 the sample included 11.8% of all registered forestry contractors in Slovenia. They receive most information about quarantine pests from foresters in the field, which shows the effective work of Slovenian forestry and project activities related to quarantine pests. In most cases (72.1%), contractors would first inform Slovenia Forest Service about the discovery of a quarantine pest in the forest. In contrast to forestry professionals and students (2019 survey), contractors believe that the Slovenian public is well informed about quarantine pests. More than half of the contractors (60.7%) expressed their willingness to receive training on the topic (33.3% only if it were free), 66.4% are interested in joining a rapid response team for quarantine pest outbreaks. The survey shows that there are few forestry contractors that are important for quarantine pest eradication - only 10.5% of them offer stump removal, arboriculture services are provided by 18.8%. The results of our study point to the need to further educate stakeholders through the public forest service and specific plant health tasks, and to continue successful promotional and educational activities (e.g. LIFE ARTEMIS project). Education on quarantine pests should be included in the forestry curriculum.