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Carcinogenesis is one of the major complications for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and causes poor prognosis. We aimed to describe cancer incidence in the Chinese IBD cohort compared to general population‐based cancer registration data and further explore associated risk factors for cancer occurrence in IBD patients. IBD inpatients from January 1998 to January 2018 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) were included in our study. Patients were followed‐up from the date of IBD diagnosis until either the date of first cancer diagnosis or January 2019. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of overall cancer and site‐specific cancers were calculated. A total of 869 Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and 516 Crohn's disease (CD) patients were finally included with median follow‐up time of 7 and 5 years, respectively. Fifty‐three cases developed malignancies. After standardization by age and gender, SIR of total cancer occurrence in IBD patients was 1.77 (95% CI, 1.33‐2.32). As for UC, digestive cancers (SIR 3.75; 95% CI, 2.29‐5.80), thyroid cancer (SIR 10.34; 95% CI, 4.72‐19.64) and hematological malignancies (SIR 6.25; 95% CI, 1.68‐16.00) had the highest incidence, which were prominent in young and middle‐aged patients. Use of steroids, immunosuppressants or infliximab did not present higher risk of malignancies in UC patients. There was no significant difference in cancer risk between CD patients and general population. In conclusion, the increased risks of multiple cancers are particularly prominent in Chinese UC patients and these findings can provide more targeted guidance for cancer monitoring in Chinese IBD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis brings great obstacles for treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to assess the impact of CMV colitis on prognostic outcomes and associated risk factors for UC patients. A consecutive 77 inpatients diagnosed as UC were collected retrospectively from January 2012 to December 2015. About 33 patients were defined with CMV colitis by histological tests of colon mucosa. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between patients with CMV colitis or those without. The primary outcomes were UC-related colectomy or the first time of disease relapse after discharge. 33 CMV colitis patients had higher frequency of recent steroid treatment (81.8% vs. 31.8%, p <.001), older age of onset (45.3 ± 13.0 vs. 44.5 ± 15.7 years, p =.028) and more severe colitis (p <.001) characterized by lower hemoglobin (99.0 ± 23.2 vs. 114.6 ± 22.6 g/L, p =.004), albumin (29.7 ± 4.6 vs. 35.4 ± 6.5 g/L, p <.001), immunoglobulin G [8.8 (5.9–10.6) vs. 12.3 (9.3–16.2) g/L, p =.003] and higher C reactive protein [48.5 (21.6–73.8) vs. 9.1 (3.6–35.0) mg/L, p <.001]. The occurrence of UC-related colectomy in patients with CMV colitis was more frequent (48.5% vs 20.5%, p<.01) and CMV colitis was proved to be one of risk factors of colectomy with a hazard ratio of 3.15 (95%CI 1.387–7.171, p =.006), mainly in a short term period. UC-related complications almost occurred within 1 year since CMV colitis diagnosis. And UC patients with CMV colitis always experienced early relapse. CMV colitis increases the colectomy risk mainly in a short term due to severe inflammatory response, early-onset complications or medication treatment failure. There is also potential correlation between CMV colitis and early relapse. Short-term therapy for UC patients with CMV colitis should be more concerned on controlling systemic inflammation and reducing complications whereas long-term maintenance therapy may not require more aggressive intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]