1. Effects of phonophoresis and gold nanoparticles in experimental model of muscle overuse: role of oxidative stress.
- Author
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Zortéa D, Silveira PC, Souza PS, Fidelis GS, Paganini CS, Pozzi BG, Tuon T, De Souza CT, Paula MM, and Pinho RA
- Subjects
- Animals, Combined Modality Therapy methods, Male, Metal Nanoparticles therapeutic use, Oxidative Stress, Phonophoresis methods, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Treatment Outcome, Cumulative Trauma Disorders immunology, Cumulative Trauma Disorders therapy, Gold therapeutic use, Muscular Diseases immunology, Muscular Diseases therapy, Reactive Oxygen Species immunology, Ultrasonic Therapy methods
- Abstract
The aim of the study described here was to investigate the effects of pulsed ultrasound and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on behavioral, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in an experimental model of overuse. Wistar rats performed 21 d of exercise on a treadmill at different intensities and were exposed to ultrasound in the presence or absence of AuNPs. The overuse model promoted behavioral changes and increased creatine kinase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity, as well as the levels of superoxide, nitrotyrosine, nitric oxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, carbonyl, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6. These values were significantly decreased by AuNPs and by AuNPs plus ultrasound. Catalase activity remained unchanged and the glutathione level increased significantly after exposure to AuNPs plus ultrasound. These results suggest a susceptibility to anxiety as well as elevated levels of oxidative stress. However, therapeutic interventions with AuNPs plus ultrasound reduced the production of oxidants and oxidative damage and improved the anti-oxidant defense system., (Copyright © 2015 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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