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This article explores the extent to which the regional higher education system (HES) influences the location of foreign research and development (R&D). To do so, we use a dataset with information on the location choices of new foreign R&D establishments within Spain from 2005 to 2013. Similarly, we use a multiple measure of the three university missions, distinguishing between research capacity training, scientific research, and technology transfer. We find that the probability of a foreign R&D establishment being located in a region is positively affected by the strength of the region's HES missions, and more specifically by the quality of its scientific research, while its research training capacity and knowledge transfer activities do not seem to play a significant role. Moreover, the strength of the research mission has a positive influence on the location choice of foreign units conducting research activities but is weak to explain the location of those performing development activities. JEL CLASSIFICATION F21; F23; O32 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the West, China exhibits a proactive attitude and conservative actions to developing entrepreneurial universities. This article deconstructs such a paradoxical approach by analysing the scholarly literature, policy discourses, and empirical data and their various perceptions of entrepreneurial universities in the Greater Bay Area (GBA). We conducted 71 interviews in four case universities to obtain empirical data for triangulation with the literature and policies. Our main research findings include the following: (1) there is a desire to introduce the concept of entrepreneurial universities from the West, along with their characteristics and aims; (2) China's policy discourse of excellence and pragmatism affects entrepreneurship education and technology transfer; and (3) an emerging identity of entrepreneurial universities is constrained by attitudes and barriers at the institutional level. China's perceptions and practices reflect a lack of sustainability of and fragmented approach to developing entrepreneurial universities, with strong implications for establishing entrepreneurial universities elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The application of knowledge generated in universities is crucial for its dissemination outside of academic environments, particularly in industrial settings. Lack of familiarity with these channels and their features can lead to failure in achieving the ultimate goal of this communication. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the channels of knowledge flow between universities and industries. Method: This study employs a scientometric approach, utilizing co-word analysis and narrative review techniques. Using the narrative review approach, we conducted searches in the most important international databases, which served as the theoretical framework for this study. In the second stage of this research, a scientometric approach was employed to uncover the connections, key words, and the scientific map formed by the relationships between words. The co-word technique was utilized for this purpose. In this way, the query "(university AND industry AND (channel OR transfer OR spillovers OR flow OR dissemination))" was searched in the Topic field of the Web of Science database, which is known as one of the most reliable citation databases. The time span was from 1975 to November 27, 2022, and the search was performed in the Web of Science Core Collection, including the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) from 1980 to the present, the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) from 1980 to the present, the Arts & Humanities Citation Index (AHCI) from 1975 to the present, the Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Science (CPCI-S) from 1990 to the present, the Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Social Science & Humanities (CPCI-SSH) from 1990 to the present, the Book Citation Index - Science (BKCI-S) from 2005 to the present, the Book Citation Index - Social Sciences & Humanities (BKCI-SSH) from 2005 to the present, and the Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI) from 2005 to the present. A total of 5178 documents were retrieved using this search strategy. To create a co-word map, the VOSviewer software was utilized. In order to generate an analyzable map, a threshold of at least 50 occurrences was applied, resulting in 86 words being entered for the analysis and creation of a co-occurrence map. Findings: Examining the flow of knowledge channels between universities and industries revealed that these channels may be formal, informal, or a combination of both. Also, the exchange of knowledge between the industry and the university can be intentional or incidental. This knowledge can be explicit or tacit. On the other hand, in channels for transferring knowledge, considerations such as commercialization, cost-benefit analysis, and financial return have also been taken into account. Furthermore, these channels and the transfer of knowledge between universities and industries are considered a form of social capital. Examining the relationship between industry and university from a scientometric perspective, and based on the co-occurrence map of words, it is evident that topics such as the performance and impact of cooperation, knowledge transfer, triple helix, industry, technology transfer, knowledge, entrepreneurship, and research and development are the most important concepts extracted. The scientific map and the formed clusters illustrate the significance of knowledge flow channels between industry and university researchers, highlighting the importance of cooperation in knowledge transfer. In total, four topic clusters have been identified in the co-word map. Conclusion: The channels between universities and industry have been the focus of various research studies, and the formation of thematic clusters further underscores this significance. The diversity among the channels indicates that a thorough analysis of the knowledge flow between the university and the industry requires the use of multiple indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology transfer (TT) from universities to manufacturing firms is important for enhancing innovation performance (IP) and ultimately improving competitiveness. However, TT is hampered by bureaucracy, inertia, inefficiency, cognitive dissonance, and low research and development activity. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between TT from universities to manufacturing firms and their IP. This study was conducted based on Megnigbeto's (2018) triple helix game theory. A mixed-method approach was used. The independent variable was TT, measured in terms of technology spillover, networking, and the presence of accelerators and incubators within a firm's locality. The dependent variable was IP, measured through innovation output and innovation efficiency. This study used an explanatory sequential research design. The target population was manufacturing firms in Kenya, identified using a multi-stage sampling strategy. Primary data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires, interview schedules, and checklists. Linear regressions, hierarchical multiple moderated regressions, structural equation modeling, and partial least squares were used to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that TT from universities significantly influences IP in manufacturing firms. Universities are important intermediaries of TT in manufacturing firms in Kenya because of their improved IP and competitiveness. Universities should create dynamic linkages with industries and adopt an engaged learning approach in their programs to create greater and more unique values for enhanced competitiveness and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demand for solving systemic problems has resulted in the need for new forms of innovation. Accordingly, the concept of innovation ecosystem has emerged. Ecosystems are intrinsically more fluid than networks, which set ups the need to understand and orchestrate the internal dynamics of innovation ecosystem in order to have successful innovation outcomes. The dynamics of ecosystems, however, is not well understood. In this paper the dynamics of innovation ecosystems has been studied by applying the methodology of system dynamics. The purpose of the study is to support the creation of innovation ecosystems and the orchestration of existing ecosystems so that they could be more successful. Key factors generating dynamics in innovation ecosystems were identified. They form the elements of the system dynamics model of innovation ecosystems. The causal loop structure between the model elements indicates how the key factors of dynamics influence the outcome of ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to show how activity theory in the socio-technical systems paradigm can assist in understanding and managing system innovation. We conceptualize sociotechnical systems to address societal needs as activity systems and system innovations as transformations of such systems. Transformations result from resolving contradictions that develop due to technical and social change within and between the activities carried out by various agencies to fulfill societal needs. Along this line, the explanation of system innovations focuses on identifying emerging contradictions, resolution initiatives, and their outcomes, whereas the governance of system innovations can be carried out by interactively developing policies through successive interventions to resolve contradictions. We demonstrate the employment of activity theory to understand the transformation of the recorded music socio-technical system towards streaming, as well as to facilitate the management of the transition of the olive oil-producing sector at the regional level towards a circular economy through the adoption of innovative waste-processing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A striving for research excellence and the implementation of third mission activities in the form of technology transfer have become standard practices at modern higher education institutions. The recent call for universities to include social innovation in their third mission and the apparent lack of involvement of universities in this area indicate that social innovation is not yet perceived as a legitimate activity by the academic community. We examine why this is the case and disentangle the legitimation journey of social innovation in research-intensive environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The age of information has given rise to the demand for higher education institutions (HEIs) to produce graduates capable of producing innovation and ultimately contribute to improving the South African (SA) economy. Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine whether graduates who enter the business environment demonstrate the knowledge and capability to produce business innovation through knowledge and skills acquired in HEIs. Method: An online questionnaire, was used to collect data from 69 of the 100 participants from the South African Business Innovation Community (Innovation Summit) (SABIC) and the Innovation, Sustainability and Visionary Leadership Group (ISVL). The demography ranged from company representatives, government representatives, entrepreneurs, academics, etc. Data were collected were analysed through inferential statistical analysis with the support from Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: Based on the findings, an equal distribution exists between seldom and often, which indicates tension about whether graduates seldomly demonstrated the ability to produce effective business innovation or whether they often demonstrated the ability to produce business innovation. Conclusion: Higher education institutions play a vital role in preparing graduates for the world of work by transferring knowledge. It is therefore significant for HEI's to transfer knowledge and skills that improve graduates' capability to innovate, think critically and solve complex problems and contribute to the SA economy. Contribution: Given the state of youth unemployment there is a need for universities to produce graduates capable of effective innovation. This article focused on determining whether graduates possess the knowledge and capability to produce business innovation from the knowledge and skills transferred by HEIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for postsecondary and online courses is rising, requiring colleges and universities to turn to technology to keep up with the trend. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the higher education transition to online teaching, forcing faculty to use technology to teach. Although technology is ubiquitous in higher education and indispensable for meeting students' needs, many institutions struggle to train faculty to teach with technology. Simply put, traditional technology training and workshops fail to prepare faculty for success in technology-driven teaching environments. Conversely, research indicates that technology mentoring seems promising in enabling faculty to learn and use technology. Consequently, this paper, informed by three components of the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Framework, draws on the literature on technology mentoring to discuss why and how more colleges and universities should leverage technology mentoring to develop their faculty members' technological, pedagogical, and technological pedagogical knowledge. Suggestions for future research are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study aims to measure the study analysis on the path of artisan spirit related to party education related to the ideological in colleges and universities. The image processing technology research study describes that primary data related to the artisan spirit performance were gathered using different questions related to the image processing technology. The party ideological education is the dependent variable, and image processing technology includes segmentation quality factors and performance related to the image processing technology. These are considered independent variables. For measuring, the data used AMOS software and run different results related to the party ideological education in college and universities. The character design major has more significant commercial benefits and chances for growth. The investigation and analysis can confirm that the main is appropriately orientated. It maintains continual communication with companies, scheduling, increasing students' practical competence, and also offers students internship opportunities. The overall results found that the artisan path to party ideological education significantly relates to college and universities based on the image processing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the automatic evaluation ability of fine arts education effect in colleges and universities, this paper proposes the evaluation research of fine arts education effect based on big data technology. We build university fine arts education effect data analysis model, considering the characteristics of the college art education effect; can reflect the effect of art education in colleges and universities' selected index system, with the effect of art education in colleges and universities of the decision about the elements of the decomposed into goals, standards, and plan level, such as university fine arts education effect evaluation of qualitative and quantitative analysis; find out the hidden representative university fine arts education effect evaluation factors; build fine arts education in colleges and universities' effect-associated distribution rules of the data, through unsupervised learning method, the effect of art education in colleges and universities' data feature extraction in the process of adaptive learning, by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of big data; and realize the effect of art education in colleges and universities. The test results show that the fitness level of using this method to evaluate the effect of art education in colleges and universities is high, the score of the evaluation effect of art education in colleges and universities is significant, and it is in a good state in the evaluation index score table, indicating that the evaluation effect is accurate and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of the computer field, the Internet has become the main way of education in today's era. The development of computer technology and big data has brought innovation and opportunities to the teaching mode of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities. Due to the dynamic change of big data, there are many difficulties in the establishment of ideological and political course models in colleges and universities. This paper studies the innovation of ideological and political course modes in colleges and universities on the network platform under the background of big data. This paper mainly compares the traditional teaching mode and explores the formal modeling method of network platform education. The discrete dynamic modeling technology of the complex system is used to model the formal process of online education. Then, it carries out nonlinear prediction modeling for the operation efficiency and traffic change of the network platform under the big data environment and uses dynamic modeling to predict the learning effect of college students' ideological and political course mode. The results show that the formal method of education under dynamic modeling can improve the defects of traditional teaching and give full play to the advantages of network platform teaching. Improving the teaching mode of network platform can improve students' learning efficiency. Finally, in the dynamic model prediction, the problem of big data affecting the model results is improved, and the accuracy of the prediction model is improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the current theme of environmental protection, the effect of English literature classroom teaching reform cannot be analyzed qualitatively. Based on BP neural network, we present an analytical model of the impact of College English Literature Classroom Teaching Reform on environmental protection based on artificial intelligence technology. We analyze the teaching reform of English literature classrooms with the theme of environmental protection under artificial intelligence technology and explore the concept of "intelligent education" and the construction path of university English ecological teaching mode. Based on the in-depth excavation of teaching information, this paper analyzes the impact of college English literature classroom reform on the theme of environmental protection. Combined with BP neural network, a scientific analytic hierarchy process index system model is established, and the weight relationship of various reform influencing factors is given relatively objectively. The scores of the model based on the BP neural network under the six effect analysis indicators of teaching attitude, teaching tools, reform plan, reform teaching content, classroom organization, and reform rationality are 90.97, 86.3, 80.4, 95.7, 84.8, and 87.4, respectively. The results show that this model has a good ability for analysis and evaluation, which also provides some new ideas and entry points for the reform of the current English classroom teaching model. This study has a certain contribution to the breakthrough of college English teaching goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence technology has become an important part of the development of Internet technology. Artificial intelligence technology can help colleges and universities optimize the network ideological and political teaching system. Artificial intelligence technology provides more accurate data resources and rich and reliable educational technology means for online public mental health education in colleges and universities. This paper comprehensively uses a variety of methods such as qualitative and quantitative analysis, case and empirical analysis, literature analysis, and artificial intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence technology has been closely integrated with online public mental health education in colleges and universities. The model systematically analyzes the optimization methods of artificial intelligence technology methods for the online public mental health education system in colleges and universities, and constructs an innovation system for online public mental health education in colleges and universities. Based on the comprehensive analysis of artificial intelligence and public health in colleges and universities, this paper further proposes the application of artificial intelligence technology in online public mental health education in colleges and universities. On this basis, the model conducts an in-depth analysis of artificial intelligence technology and the online public mental health innovation system. The model supports the development of ideological and political teaching in colleges and universities through various forms such as idea innovation, path innovation, carrier innovation, and mechanism innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the development of my country's mobile Internet continues to advance in depth, its related industries have also continued to rise and especially, the short video industry has ushered in a period of rapid development. In the past, the research on short videos mostly started from the perspectives of communication, sociology, culture, etc., mainly based on the discussion of the content and communication characteristics of Douyin short videos and analyzed the origins behind its rapid development. The relevant research on moral education in colleges and universities is relatively weak. Based on the relevant sample data collected from questionnaires and interviews, this paper focuses on analyzing the impact of short videos on moral education in colleges and universities from the perspective of pedagogy. The rapid popularization and wide application of short video applications have had a huge impact on the study habits and living habits of college students. College students' moral education educators must make good use of the short video application as a carrier, create new ideas for work, and enhance the attractiveness and influence of moral education work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

English teaching in general higher education is faced with great challenges. English teachers have to face a group of students from different regions, who have received different English teaching methods during middle school, and their English proficiency is uneven. At present, the teaching methods of most colleges and universities are backward, unable to make full use of modern information technology, and students have low interest in learning, poor independent learning ability, and low learning effect, especially in English. In order to comprehensively improve students' English level, English teaching methods in colleges and universities should be completely different from the traditional teaching methods in middle schools. This paper sorts out trial research, questionnaire survey, and data analysis method and combines some problems existing in college English teaching and the characteristics of microvideo, such as short, concise, sound, and text, to apply microvideo as a teaching resource in college English grammar teaching. A trial group was set up to study the effectiveness of microvideo teaching. No students in the trial group disliked the microvideo teaching and the average score of students in the trial group was 8.992 points higher than the average score of students in the traditional group. The results show that microvideo teaching can not only increase students' interest in learning English but also improve their English language skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a revolutionary education model, the flipped classroom teaching model has unique advantages over the traditional education model. How to change the teaching method of flipped classroom into a teaching method suitable for college English courses is a problem. The goal of this research is to investigate how to use data mining and few-shot learning technology to investigate the impact of MOOC and flipped classroom task-based college English teaching modes. This work provides a data mining-based decision tree algorithm and examines the enhanced decision tree method. The experimental results of this study demonstrate that two students in each of the two groups believe that the English teaching mode, which is mostly taught by traditional teachers, is very favorable to a thorough understanding of basic knowledge, accounting for 4% of the total. There are 17 students that believe the new teaching methodology is really beneficial, accounting for 34% of the total. This mode was determined to be effective for in-depth knowledge of the basics by a total of 25 students. It can be seen that the flipped classroom model is more popular with students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses the patenting activities of university science and engineering professors in Canada between 1920 and 1975. Unlike most studies on commercial activities in academia, which typically focus on the post-1980 period and on university practices, we focus on the pre-1980 period and on the individual decisions of professors to patent their inventions. Based on quantitative patent data, we show that patenting, and thus professors' interest in the possible commercial value of their scientific discoveries made in university laboratories, was relatively common on an individual and informal basis well before the 1980s and the advent of what is now called "academic capitalism". This contradicts the belief that before that period, universities were a kind of ivory towers in which professors isolated themselves from external influences and engaged only in pure and disinterested research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After entering the first decade of the new century, information technology has brought some profound changes in all aspects of social life. In the field of education, teaching mode to teaching concept has been severely impacted. Especially in the more open university classroom, the changes brought about by this shock are more pronounced. Classrooms of all majors have ushered in a wave of innovation. The use of cutting-edge information technology to build efficient classrooms has become the direction of multidisciplinary efforts. While promoting the upgrading of ideological and political classroom teaching in colleges and universities, it has become a common topic for ideological and political teachers in colleges and universities to effectively promote the effectiveness of ideological and political classroom teaching. In order to investigate the current teaching recognition of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities and the need for courses to integrate new technologies, this study used questionnaire survey and group comparison analysis as the main methods to distribute online questionnaires to 621 students from 6 colleges and universities in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. It is divided into students' interest in ideological and political courses and the interest of teaching content. According to the analysis of previous literature, a control group experiment of ideological and political courses is designed. The experimental results show that after wireless communication and artificial intelligence technology are combined with ideological and political courses, students' learning is more efficient. Finally, according to the results of experiments and questionnaires, the problems existing in the current teaching of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities are summarized, and then, innovative reform suggestions for the teaching methods of ideological and political courses are put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature on Entrepreneurial University has emphasised the importance of encouraging and supporting the entrepreneurial intent of students, both PhDs and undergraduates. However, more research is needed about how PhD students can be supported in their entrepreneurial and technology transfer initiatives. This study seeks to contribute to this field by investigating how the entrepreneurial intent and entrepreneurial education of PhDs can impact their creation of new ventures and their involvement in technology transfer activities. With this objective, we use a unique dataset of 396 PhD students enrolled in Italian universities. The results show that higher levels of entrepreneurial intention of PhDs lead to a higher number of new ventures and higher involvement in TT activities. Furthermore, our findings also show that entrepreneurship education encourages PhDs to create new ventures only through increased entrepreneurial intention. Finally, education on technology transfer directly pushes them to be more involved in commercialisation activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Governance of universities toward the entrepreneurial university and the link with the organizational role of University Technology Transfer Offices (UTTOs) are studied. A double novel approach is adopted: first, analyzing the visibility of the entrepreneurial strategy followed by the different universities in the system, with a Web Content Analysis of all Spanish universities (seventy-six), and extracting data from official reports; second, with a survey to UTTOs managers (sixteen valid answers). Key aspects of entrepreneurial universities, such as their organizational structure, links between entrepreneurship and research, entrepreneurship education, and the relationships with the ecosystem were analyzed. In addition, the views of UTTOs' managers about the implementation of the entrepreneurial university in their own institution were studied. As a result, it emerges how the entrepreneurial university strategy is made visible in specific actions such as transversal initiatives, awards to entrepreneurship and initial support. In addition, it has been found that UTTOs managers think that the impact of the entrepreneurial university should be further assessed in order to know the real results of the implementation of such strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities' decisions during technology transfer may affect affordability, accessibility, and availability of COVID-19 health technologies downstream. We investigated measures taken by the top 35 publicly funded UK universities to ensure global equitable access to COVID-19 health technologies between January and end of October 2020. We sent Freedom Of Information (FOI) requests and analysed universities' websites, to (i) assess institutional strategies on the patenting and licensing of COVID-19-related health technologies, (ii) identify all COVID-19-related health technologies licensed or patented and (iii) record whether universities engaged with the Open COVID pledge, COVID-19 Technology Access Pool (C-TAP), or Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM) COVID-19 licensing guidelines during the time period assessed. Except for the Universities of Oxford and Edinburgh, UK universities did not update their institutional strategies during the first year of the pandemic. Nine universities licensed 22 COVID-19 health technologies. Imperial College London disclosed ten patents relevant to COVID-19. No UK universities participated in the Open COVID Pledge or C-TAP, but discussions were ongoing in autumn 2020. The University of Bristol endorsed the AUTM guidelines. Despite important COVID-19 health technologies being developed by UK universities, our findings suggest minimal engagement with measures that may promote equitable access downstream. We suggest universities review their technology transfer policies and implement global equitable access strategies for COVID-19 health technologies. We furthermore propose that public and charitable funders can play a larger role in encouraging universities to adopt such practices by making access and transparency clauses a mandatory condition for receiving public funds for research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study aims to measure the study analysis on the path of artisan spirit related to party education related to the ideological in colleges and universities. The image processing technology research study describes that primary data related to the artisan spirit performance were gathered using different questions related to the image processing technology. The party ideological education is the dependent variable, and image processing technology includes segmentation quality factors and performance related to the image processing technology. These are considered independent variables. For measuring, the data used AMOS software and run different results related to the party ideological education in college and universities. The character design major has more significant commercial benefits and chances for growth. The investigation and analysis can confirm that the main is appropriately orientated. It maintains continual communication with companies, scheduling, increasing students' practical competence, and also offers students internship opportunities. The overall results found that the artisan path to party ideological education significantly relates to college and universities based on the image processing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While historically the core missions of universities have been research and teaching, it has become increasingly recognised that universities have become significant sources of knowledge and capabilities. This third mission is cementing the role of universities as suppliers of qualified labour and generators of knowledge and technologies that promote innovation in a variety of innovation ecosystems. The main goal of the paper is to illustrate an approach that captures the various contributions of universities to their innovation ecosystems. Often territorially bounded, such links provide insights into the characteristics and geography of the various linkage for a university. With the case of the University of Bergen and its role within the marine innovation ecosystem of Western Norway, this 'ecosystem fingerprint', can be seen as a useful means to clarify the third mission of universities through the linkages and interdependencies with various actors. The authors demonstrate that a university can act both as a global pipeline provider and take active part in the local buzz, providing this concept with new empirical insight. The authors conclude that the university is highly embedded in both the marine innovation ecosystem and the knowledge ecosystem, but with linkages extended to interconnected business ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Smart campuses can be seen as the future of higher education efforts, especially for their contributions to sustainability and to encourage innovation. This paper aims to present the benefits of smart practices in a Higher Education Institutions and highlights its connections to the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Design/methodology/approach: The methodology is divided into three steps: first, an international search and assessment of smart practices at universities; second, the identification of smart practices in a university campus in southern Brazil; and third, the presentation of the benefits of smart practices and their relationship with the SDGs. Findings: The results showed that globally, the area most covered by smart practices in universities is the environment and, specifically, focused on waste reduction. in the context of this case study, the benefits of implementing smart practices mainly reach SDGs 4 and SDG 9, especially due to aspects of teaching technologies for the new classroom models and the optimization of campus infrastructure management. Practical implications: The study encourages other universities to implement smart practices in their campuses, to becoming smart campuses while they also collaborate in achieving the SDGs while raising the discussion on the importance of committed actions taken on a university campus with the UN SDGs, to leverage synergies on campus operations at universities. Originality/value: This paper presents a set of smart practices that universities are applying both globally and locally (in southern Brazil). In addition, it contributes to sustainability research by showing how smart practices have the potential to promote SDGs in universities, especially through campus operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This focused issue entitled "Universities and Regional Development" contains three papers. All three papers focus on universities and their involvement in translating research for commercialization, which in turn supports economic development that often extends beyond the local region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public higher education institutions (universities) in developing countries are making great strides regarding action geared to the valorization of research results oriented toward transferring knowledge and technologies to society and the market. Such valorization implies huge challenges for research staff in these institutions as well as for the body of directors and the whole administrative team. The current research arose from the lack of specialized knowledge on the topic of this particular area of valorization in developing countries such as Colombia. The article delves into the experience of the University of Cauca, located in the southwest Colombian city of Popayan, concerning the valorization of research results aimed at transferring knowledge and technologies from research groups to the business sector and to public organizations. As of 2018, in its research system the university boasted 160 registered research groups. Selected for the study were those with the highest scientific readiness level, featuring important research results from the execution of science, technology and innovation projects backed by external financing and within the last 10 years. Characterization of the research results was carried out based on international references (such as the Technology Readiness Level, TRL) and on the particularities reported in the various results generated by the research groups selected. The case study concludes in putting forward a route for the valorization and transfer of knowledge and technologies associated with results from higher education institution research within the contexts of developing countries and regions with a low-to-non-existent business presence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examining the dynamics of technological progress in determining energy intensity not only helps in assessing the relative strength of contributing factors, but also beneficial in designing effective energy policies. The effect of technology on energy intensity was widely discussed, as a whole, without narrowing down to the energy field and considering the technological absorption capacity as well as the heterogeneity. In view of the importance of sustainability in Guangdong province to the Greater Bay Area, this study focused on energy-specific technological progress and investigated the effect of energy-specific technology on energy intensity using a panel dataset covering cities in Guangdong Province for 2005–2017. The empirical evidence shows that energy-specific technology is beneficial in reducing the energy intensity. However, the energy intensity reduction effect is primarily from energy-saving technology rather than the alternative energy technology. From the sources of energy technology, enterprises, rather than from higher education institutions and independent research institutions, are more effective in cutting the energy intensity. In addition, utility-type energy-specific technology shows a stronger reduction effect on energy intensity compared to creation-type. Finally, the study concludes that technological absorption capacity is an important determinant for the effectiveness of energy-specific technology in reducing energy intensity. • Effect of energy-specific technology on energy intensity is investigated particularly. • The total energy-specific technology reduces energy intensity in Guangdong Province significantly. • Reduction effect mainly comes from energy-saving technology of enterprises. • Technological absorption capacity is important to energy intensity mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the current situation that the nursing teaching content is lacking pertinence and cannot effectively cultivate students' critical thinking, this paper puts forward the application analysis of two-dimensional code online testing technology in nursing teaching in colleges and universities. Through the analysis of two-dimensional code recognition technology architecture and common application fields, an intelligent nursing teaching platform for two-dimensional code online testing technology was designed. Systematically, we summarize the advantages of intelligent nursing teaching platform, use flash and 3D technology to complete the virtualization of nursing teaching scene, and use XML technology to update and save teaching resources; we further build an intelligent nursing teaching platform by using the basic plate, nursing station plate, ward plate, dispensing room plate, and case and operation review plate. The experimental results show that under the two-dimensional code online test technology, the nursing teaching method in colleges and universities has strong teaching resource processing efficiency, improves the operation level of students' nursing technology, and effectively cultivates the academic thinking of nursing students, which is of great significance to the progress of nursing teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a distributed computing technology, cloud computing has the characteristics of fast processing speed, large-capacity data processing, and high overall efficiency. With the continuous development of communication technology today, cloud computing technology has begun to be applied in various industries and has promoted the development and progress of the industry. As an important part of college education, ideological and political education in colleges and universities is also constantly developing. The integration of cloud computing and ideological and political education is the main trend in the future. At present, the application research of cloud computing and wireless communication technology in the ideological and political education of colleges and universities has obtained some results, but there are still some problems. Therefore, the research on innovative methods of ideological and political education is extremely important. At present, under the attention of all walks of life, scholars have strengthened the research on new paths of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, and they are also constantly experimenting with innovative methods. In this context, this paper studies the current situation of ideological and political education in colleges and universities through questionnaire surveys and analyzes the innovative mode of ideological and political education in colleges and universities in the context of cloud computing through the K-means clustering algorithm model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the effect of social trust on university technology transfer. A large sample of Chinese universities from the 2007–2017 period was used. We find that social trust facilitates university technology transfer. The finding remain valid after a series of robustness. The mechanism test shows that social trust facilitates university technology transfer by improving the level of university-industry cooperative innovation. Our study suggests that social trust is an important factor that affects university technology transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The link between the enterprise and the university in Morocco is positioned within the framework of what is commonly known as the "University's Third-Mission". This relationship is primarily concerned with continued education, consultancy, collaborative research and development (R&D) and technology transfer from the university to the enterprise. This third mission has been promoted by the university through the establishment of specialized structures such as university enterprise interfaces, incubators and technological information centres for invention patents. Also, several strategies and programs of incentives for innovation have been promoted by the public authorities to create a national system of innovation in Morocco. However, all these efforts failed to unleash and activate the potential of Moroccan universities. In this work, we will propose an effective and efficient institutional Technology Transfer (TT) policy backed up by a complete repository related to the establishing of the University Technology Transfer Office (UTTO). This proposal complements the work done in a previous paper, which assesses the different policies and programs within Moroccan universities, related to TT activities, and proposes a remodelling of the value chain of the process of technology transfer in the universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the principle of fairness and justice, it has always been a difficult problem for the procurement department and the school of pharmacy to realize integrity and efficiency in colleges and universities, and blockchain technology provides a new idea and feasible path to solve the above-mentioned problems. In the present study, we analyzed the current situation and characteristics of procurement in the school of pharmacy with blockchain technology and pointed out that blockchain technology faced challenges in equipment, system, talent, technology, and so on. By all means, such as the information security trust mechanism to improve the market trust and to solve the procurement problems, the trace-ability and openness mechanism to ensure the college‟s procurement compliance, the intelligent contract mechanism to help the college‟s bidding and procurement standardization construction, and the jointly blocks to maintain the information transparent process and effectively to prevent the agency anomie and integrity risk, we could explore a new path to the application of blockchain technology to solve the bidding and procurement of school of pharmacy in colleges and universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies of research policies and scientific production are essential for strengthening educational systems and achieving objectives such as quality improvement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of research policies on the scientific production of public and private Peruvian universities. An observational, descriptive, secondary analysis study of the research policies of 92 universities and two graduate schools licensed by the National Superintendence of Higher Education of Peru (SUNEDU) was conducted for the period from 2016–2020. Scientific publications from educational institutions were collected from Scopus and Web of Science for the study period, and researchers certified by the National Council of Science and Technology of Peru (CONCYTEC) were divided by group and level. Multiple regression analysis was performed using two models. The analysis indicated that research policies did not influence scientific production in Scopus or Web of Science in either 2019 or 2020 (Model I) but that type of management (p < 0.01), number of National Scientific, Technological, and Technological Innovation Registry (RENACYT) researchers (p < 0.001) and 2016 scientific production (p < 0.001) did influence production when these variables were incorporated into the model (Model II). However, time of licensing and management type had no effects. The number of research policies implemented by Peruvian universities and licensed graduate schools was not large. Therefore, it is recommended that project funding policies, research training, and research collaboration be strengthened and that the management capacity of research centers and institutes be increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within this paper, we take a micro level perspective to explore how ecosystem stakeholder motives have impacted value creation and value capture processes within the University Technology Transfer (UTT) business model over time. To achieve this, we adopt a longitudinal qualitative methodology comprising of case study evidence of two differing bounded contexts of universities and their respective UTT stakeholder-based business models over an eight-year period. Our findings reveal, that in seeking to balance and align the value creation and capture processes needed to satisfy diverse stakeholders and achieve university mission, the importance of portfolio models within UTT business model design to ensure ongoing strategic alignment and sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model was used to divide the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities into two stages, which makes up for the lack of process measurement in a single DEA model. Also, the relationship between the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in universities and the development of a low-carbon economy was quantitatively analyzed. The research results show that: (1) the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of universities in China is increasing year by year and which is significantly higher in the eastern region than that in the central and western regions. (2) The efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of the university promotes the reduction of carbon emission intensity and the development of a low-carbon economy, indicating that the improvement of the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of the university has a good role in promoting the ecological environment protection. However, compared with the developed countries, the quantity and quality of science and technology supply and ecological environment protection in China's universities are still insufficient. In this regard, the development suggestions are put forward from the aspects of government policy guidance, professional talent cooperation and strengthening the docking between universities and industrial low-carbon economic development. The purpose of this paper is to promote the development of a low-carbon economy by improving the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation in universities, to achieve the goal of ecological environment protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews academic entrepreneurship; and the transfer of knowledge and technology through strategies to market research, development and innovation results from universities in Colombia. It approached technology-based companies and actors of the National Science and Technology System; data from Colciencias, and "Spin-Off" Colombia. It presents quantitative results on secondary sources, processed in IBM SPSS. 3% of the reports are products of technological development; in higher education institutions, the entrepreneurial products are the 0.00095% of the all products. The commitment of the university with its entrepreneurial mission is incipient: it is necessary to deepen to know the model of creation of companies based on research, adequate for Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academia-enterprise collaboration is understood as a determinant that improves innovation and competitiveness. The mechanisms by which this collaboration occurs have awakened increasing interest among academics, as well as in the business sector. This research aims to identify how open innovation communities can mediate the academia-enterprise relationship, as well as the factors that are more affected by this mediation. Based on the literature, the article addresses the definition of open innovation communities (OICs), university-enterprise cooperation, knowledge transfer (KT), as well as an understanding of OICs as a mechanism for academia-enterprise transfer. An analysis of twelve OICs, conformed by professors, students, graduates, and experts from a Colombian higher education institution is performed. For the data analysis, a factor analysis involving structural equation modeling is carried out. Our results highlight the most important characteristics to take into account in the study of knowledge transfer when OICs are involved, and they also indicate the level of connection between these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The innovative economy is based on effective interaction between the scientific and educational sphere and the business environment, free flow of innovative ideas, and active commercialization of developments in order to constantly update and develop the domestic economy through new technologies. At the moment, a model of effective interaction between universities, business structures, and government in Russia has not been built. This research is aimed to develop a mechanism for multilateral interaction between universities and other participants in the innovation system, which ensures the activation of scientific and innovative activities, acceleration of the transfer process, and effective commercialization of innovative ideas. Methods. To evaluate the effectiveness of the offered interaction mechanism based on the open innovation platform we conducted a complex multi-criteria assessment of forecast indicators of a university's innovation activity effectiveness. We conducted two online surveys. Heads of scientific laboratories at the university (N = 4) and representatives of business (N = 3) acted as experts. The first survey was intended to indicate the weight of innovation activity indicators reflecting the significance of these indicators in the framework of innovation development. In the second survey, experts defined the forecast indicators of the university's innovation activity after implementation of the proposed interaction mechanism. Results. The conducted study revealed the importance of enhancing cooperation between universities and other innovation system actors for achieving higher results of innovation activity. The calculation of the effectiveness of the offered interaction mechanism showed positive influence on the university's innovation activity indicators. Thus, the mechanism can be used by multidisciplinary universities to increase their innovation activity indicators as well as the potential of all interacting entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shows the results of the execution of the project "Technological extension services to improve the quality and productivity of manufacturing of micro and small enterprises (MSMEs) in Lima and Callao", the same one that was executed by the Faculty of Industrial Engineering of the UNMSM (FII) and financed in the form of INNOVATE PERÚ and the FII. The formulation and validation of a model of Technological Extensionism applied to MSMEs was carried out, for this purpose, 52 companies were intervened in which successful results were achieved in terms of achieving interest and improving their production systems. As the main results of the present investigation, we have the following: a model of technological Extensionism, standardized procedures, to know the needs of MSMEs, to establish strategic alliances with other institutions outside of Peru and finally to initiate the activities of a technological extension office in a public university. These results are relevant since MSMEs are a very important player in the country's economy, they are also organizations that are reluctant to change and very jealous with their information. Finally, this experience constitutes a starting point for other universities to replicate it, adapting it to their environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work shows the trajectory of Cachoeira do Sul campus in search terms, showing a brief history of the rise of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), insertion in Cachoeira do Sul, statistics on education, research and extension, infrastructure available and currently used, highlighting some important points, such as the "Awards and Transfer of Technology through Research and Extension" held at the Cachoeira do Sul campus, "Scientific and Technological Training" and the "Project Show", an action that encourages the inclusion of academics in the scientific environment, contributing to their education as a professional and academic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humans are powerful and clever, and also more ignorant than they know. As a result, they too often fail to acknowledge or even recognize their limitations, and are more arrogant than humble regarding their capabilities. Education that explicitly recognizes and addresses the context of science and technology, their inherent values and ethical implications and concerns, and their problematic as well as beneficial impacts can potentially rescue the human species from itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a need to provide an appropriate normative conception of the modern university: a conception which identifies its unifying purposes and values and, thereby, gives direction to institutional role occupants, governments, public policymakers and other would-be institutional designers. Such a conception could admit differences between modern universities; differences, for example, between so-called universities of technology and other universities. Indeed, it is preferable to frame the issue at the level of higher education or university systems rather than at the level of individual universities. According to the teleological normative theory of social institutions, social institutions are organizations or systems of organizations that provide collective goods by means of joint activity; universities are no exception. So what are the fundamental collective good(s) that universities of technology, or the larger systems of which they are a part, ought to be providing and how are they travelling in this regard? This is the question addressed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We test whether there is a link between the performance of universities, measured through a concept of efficiency, and the economic development of the regions in which they operate. Indicators of teaching, research, and third mission are considered as outputs. To handle endogeneity problems between the efficiency of universities and economic development, a system generalized method of moments and then an instrumental variable approach are used. Our findings reveal that the presence of efficient universities fosters local economic development. Knowledge spillovers occur to areas that are in close geographical proximity to efficient universities. Results are robust to different estimation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The past 30 years has seen an escalating interest in the potential role of universities in contributing to their regional economies, reflected in the increasing trend for regional innovation strategies to ascribe a central role for universities, particularly in peripheral, institutionally thin places. The global economic crisis and subsequent austerity measures implemented in many developed economies have put further pressure on universities from national and regional policymakers to become more explicitly involved in contributing to their local economies in order to justify their public funding. This paper will draw on the academic literature to consider how justified this focus is by questioning whether universities are willing or even able to play the roles expected of them in contributing to regional innovation. It will critique an approach to policymaking that often views universities as homogenous actors in the regional innovation system and places an over reliance on imitating success stories from other places without sufficient consideration of the specificities of local conditions. It will argue for a more realistic and nuanced approach to involving universities in regional innovation policy, concluding with key insights for both universities and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the number of graduate students from high schools increase year by year, which gradually increases the employment pressure. How to raise the employment rate for so huge college students is a hot spot concerned with the colleges and universities, even all of the society. For this reason, this paper is guided by mass entrepreneurship and innovation, through development physical simulation experimental device of oil-field flooding, to train students science research and practice innovation, stimulate and construct students Independent entrepreneurial ability in experiment. This series of experiments have the advantages and characteristics as follows: they are based on engineering education idea, experiments are real and intuitive. We pay much attention to the relate theory with practice which can increase professionalism, to integrated and diverse system design which can improve analytical ability, to free allocation of system resources which can increase the research and development consciousness. This series of innovative experiments can show the industrial background, improve students' interest in learning. These comprehensive designed experiments give chance for students to participate in it, professional knowledge fusion which can make students experience the link between the courses, innovation experiment connotation which can enhance students construct innovation concept of product. This research and teaching of the physical simulation experimental device play important role in training higher engineering education talents with knowledge, ability and quality. At the same time, they can strengthen college graduates independent entrepreneurship consciousness, and have practical purpose and social value in realizing the ultimate aim of increasing employment rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of sustainable development in higher education is an important goal, and one which requires much planning. The many recurring problems and barriers that hinder the attainment of sustainable development objectives at universities are either directly or indirectly related to deficiencies in planning which pose a significant barrier to the implementation of sustainable development. There is therefore a perceived need to foster a better understanding of how planning may help higher education institutions to become more successful in implementing sustainable development. Based on this need, this paper describes the role of planning as a tool for improved knowledge and sound decision-making towards a better understanding of sustainability in a science and technology context, and the motivation towards transformation. In particular, it reports on a survey in the context of which some of the major obstacles for planning and implementing sustainable development at universities are outlined. The study identified the fact that many universities are yet to have fully developed plans to take into account matters related to sustainable development, and describes some the elements which could be considered in attempts to give a greater emphasis to sustainability to planning in a higher education context. Image 1 • Planning can assist in the implementation of sustainable development in higher education. • Globally, the development of sustainability initiatives in universities varies among institutions and regions. • Institutional commitment is required, along with transformation of perceptions and use of interrelated perspectives. • It is necessary to foster a better understanding of how planning may help universities to implement sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]