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The renovation/modernisation of buildings is one of the most frequently addressed areas in the European Union. It is the basis for the entry into force of Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings. The assessment of renovated buildings has several objectives, characterised by different assessment indicators. To better assess the renovation of buildings and future energy efficiency improvements, natural and computer simulations are used to help make more rational decisions. This work aims to analyse and quantify energy efficiency improvement measures and additional factors based on an existing retrofitted office building using collected, measured, and modelled data. The work is based on measured real building data for the assessment of heat loss of the building and calculating the thermal coefficient of the external envelope. Energy modelling of buildings before and after retrofitting is carried out using simulation, data processing, and analysis software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological problems are inherent in the issue of air quality in the buildings. The main goal thus becomes the creation of indoor clime, where concentration of the detrimental impurities, such as carbon dioxide, would not exceed established norms. Thus, it is proposed to develop an alternative system of ventilation, which would ensure necessary indoor climate without outside air use. In order to decrease the levels of it inside the buildings, it is suggested to use a winter garden with much greenery, so that the air would be regenerated since the carbon dioxide would be absorbed and oxygen would be evolved. The current work reveals the study results of thermal, air and gas conditions in a winter garden upon the office building. The proposed methodology based on the ANSYS-CFX software, ensures a successful calculation of heating and aerial regimes within buildings that might differ in accordance with various engineering practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern buildings, an increasing amount of the consumed energy falls on ventilation systems. The amount of energy needed for ventilation depends on weather fluctuations, wind, interaction between natural gravity and air tightness of the building, heat exchangers used in ventilation systems, efficiency of other ventilation equipment, and operating mode of ventilation systems in the building. Ventilation systems are comprised of a variety of elements that facilitate processes using energy of different types. The main elements that use energy in ventilation systems are fans, heat exchangers, and heaters. They have a significant effect on both energy needs of a public building and the exergy efficiency of a system. In order to achieve a more efficient use of exergy in heat exchangers, it is recommended to execute processes under as little temperature difference as possible; however, this increases the area of heat exchangers. Results of the analysis show that it is recommended to design ventilation systems based on the temperature that corresponds with the maximum demand of exergy in order to use the heat recovery unit as much as possible in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents experimental study of apartment buildings‘ ventilation parameters which was carried out during the heating season. The results show that the existing apartment buildings often don‘t guarantee the hygienic conditions that are directly related to the indoor air ventilation. Also article contains an analysis of possibilities to upgrade the ventilation systems of apartment buildings. Four ventilation systems‘ upgrade options were examined. The economic analysis showed that according to the economic aspect the best solution for mechanical ventilation in the typical apartment houses is a centralized ventilation system which operates in combination with ground heat pump when supply ducts are mounted on the building facade, and extraction takes place at existing natural ventilation system channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]