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The clinical interpretation of changes in ECG in suspected cases of cardiac disorders and other associated conditions is often helpful in process of diagnosing the patient/ dog with heart problems. At the time of evaluation of the cardiac conduction system, measurement of PQ, QT, RR intervals and QRS duration are useful clinical diagnostics. Increased R amplitude, ventricular tachycardia, deep Q wave, low voltage QRS, increased P amplitude were the common abnormal findings in dogs with certain cardiac disorders. However, confirmation of cardiac diseases were done using echocardiography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypothroidism with signs dermatitis was diagnosed in 49 dogs of various breed, age and sex based on thyroid profile. The classical skin and coat manifestations include bilateral alopecia, rat tall appearance, puppy like coat, dry and lustreless coat, alopecia at neck, bald thigh appearance, hyperpigmentation, failure of hair regrowth and delayed wound healing. Few affected cases revealed Malassezia pachydermatis, Demodex canis and Staphylococcus spp and hence diagnosed for malasseziosis, demodicosis and bacterial pyoderma, that were secondary to hypothyroidism. The animals were successfully managed with Levothyroxine and other specific drugs without any recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mange, atopy, malasseziosis, pyoderma, hypothyroidism, dermatophytosis and mixed infections are the various causes for dermatoses in dogs. Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is the second most prevalent dermatological disorder manifested as severe erythema and pruritus. Though the clinical diagnosis of various forms of dermatoses is based on significant clinical signs, specific lesions and identification of causative agent (mite, fungi, bacteria etc), diagnosis of CAD is by means of differential diagnosis, by ruling out all other possible causes and confirmation by Intra Dermal Allergic Skin Test (IDAST). In the present study, IDAST revealed highly positive reaction towards cockroach, parthenium weed and common dust allergens, thus confirming etiology for canine atopic dermatitis. Animals after treatment with Tacrolimus topical spray showed clinical improvement from 7th day with complete clinical recovery with 20 days of treatment confirming clinical efficacy of Tacrolimus topical in Atopic dermatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epistaxis also termed as nose bleed caused by simple trauma or by upper respiratory tract infections is a common disorder in dogs that is frequently regarded as an emergency. Nasal discharge with fresh blood or clots along with respiratory distress, weakness and hematuria were the prominent manifestations among all the dogs and seizures among few. Significantly low (P<0.05) levels of mean Total Erythrocyte Count, Hemoglobin and Packed Cell Volume with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were haematological findings along with increased (P<0.05) gamma glutamine transaminase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, total serum proteins and globulins but with decreased albumins were the significant biochemical alterations among all the affected dogs compared to apparently healthy ones. Presence of intracellular rickettsial organisms in the monocytes of 14/19 dogs, confirmed the cause of epistaxis. Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly with engorgement of vessels were the significant abnormal ultrasonographic findings. Whereas, two of these that were negative for ehrlichia organisms, also revealed a significantly low thyroid profile suggesting hypothyroid associated coagulative disorder as the cause. Therapy with doxycyline and thyroxine along with other supportive drugs helped improve the condition and complete clinical recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the therapeutic management of thyroid malfunction-associated nervous system abnormalities in 42 dogs. The study states that the dogs with thyroid malfunction were administered with levothyroxin. It concludes that nervous signs or polyneuropathies are caused by thyroid hormone deficiency in dogs and suggests thyroid profile assessment in the patients.

The article presents a study on the diagnosis and treatment of mixed skin infestation of Malasseziosis and Demodicosis in dogs in India. The dogs positive for both Malasseziosis and Demodicosis were successfully treated with oral Ivermectin and washed with ketaconazole based shampoo. However, the use of immunostimulants was considered as faster alternative medication.