Search

This study provides an overview of the substantial changes in the structure of the wine grape assortment in Romania through the use of European funds allocated for vineyards reconversion/restructuring. Between 2007 and 2022, both new international varieties, which previously existed only in ampelographic collections, and old Romanian varieties, which are more adaptable to climate change and are increasingly appreciated by the wine drinking public, were introduced into the Romanian wine assortment. The study presents an update on the evolution of the areas cultivated with the most widespread wine grape varieties destinated for wines with protected designation of origin, protected geographical indication and varietally. On this basis, the quality level of the wines obtained during the 15 years studied was analyzed, based on the assessments made by the specialist tasting committees of the governmental Body which, on the basis of the traceability ensured by the producer, guarantees their origin and authenticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vineyard inter-rows are important biodiversity hotspots within agricultural landscapes, especially when they are covered with vegetation. However, little is known on the effects to management intensity on a broad range of surface-dwelling invertebrates and their interaction with vegetation. We assessed the diversity and activity density of ants, beetles, millipedes, mites, spiders, springtails and woodlice using pitfall traps in vineyards with either high management intensity (HI) consisting of frequently tilled inter-rows or low management intensity (LO) with alternating tillage in every second inter-row. The study was performed in the Târnave wine region in Central Romania. We wanted to know whether, (i) vineyard management intensity affects the diversity of plants and invertebrates, and (ii) local habitat characteristics affect species richness of different functional guilds and taxa. Species richness of some invertebrate taxa (Coleoptera, Araneae, Formicidae) did significantly differ between HI and LO vineyards. Only phytophages (some Coleoptera) increased in species richness and activity density with vegetation cover. Vineyard soil properties (organic matter content, pH, P, and K) did not significantly differ between HI and LO vineyards. We conclude that vineyard inter-row management can affect both the conservation of biodiversity and the provision of biodiversity-driven ecosystem services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ICP-MS technique was used to determine elemental composition (Pb, Sr, Cd, Ni, Co, Cu, Ni, Hg, As, Cr and Mn) of wines (Muscat Ottonel, Fetească Albă, Fetească Regală, Fetească Neagră, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon) wines produced in 2015, 2016 and 2017 from Bujoru, Smulti and Oancea wine-growing centers from Dealu Bujorului Vineyard. For all tested wine samples, the toxic metals contents were found in quantities below the limits established by legislation. The average data shows that the red wines contain highest concentration of Cd (0.17 μg/L), while the content of Cd in white wines are 0.11 μg/L. The concentration of U was 0.25 μg/L in red wines and 0.24 μg/L in white wines, while the concentration of Hg was 0.24 μg/L in red wines and 0.20 μg/L in white wines. The mean contents of Ni, Cr and Mn were 312.32 μg/L, 526.19±2.63 μg/L and 0.59±0.08mg/L, respectively. The concentration for Cu ranged from 0.45±0.10 mg/L to 0.90±0.04 mg/L, the last value being close to the law limit (1 mg/L). The four samples [Merlot 0.82±0.07 mg/L Bujoru wine-growing center (2015), Feteasca Alba 0.83±0.05 mg/L Smulti wine-growing center (2015), Merlot 0.83±0.05 mg/L Smulti winegrowing center (2015) and Cabernet Sauvignon 0.83±0.08 mg/L Oancea winegrowing center (2015)] showed relatively high concentration of Cu. Reporting the obtained results [Cd average 0.13±0.02 μg/L (0.1mg/kg M.L.A. = Maximum Limit Allowed) Pb average 40.64±1.85 μg/L (0.15 mg/kg M.A.L); As average 11.87±1.37 μg/L (0.2 mg/kg M.A.L); Cu average 0.67±0.09 mg/L (1 mg/kg M.A.L) to national and international legislation we can say that the wine from Dealu Bujorului vineyard falls within the limits set by the law. The content of potentially toxic elements such as Cd, Pb, U, Hg, As, Cu, Ni, Cr and Mn are lower than values found in literature, highlighting the safety and quality of the analysed Romanian wines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contamination of vineyard soils with heavy-metals has been a worldwide concern, determination of these elements it is important for the wine industry. The aim of this research was to determine the concentration of different heavy metals (Cd, Pb, U, Hg, As, Sr, Co, Cu, Ni and Cr) from vineyard soil on different depths in an area of vineyard cultivation from Dealu Bujorului Galati County. In order to highlight the combination of different sources, natural or anthropogenic of heavy metals the isotopic ratios for 206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 206Pb/207Pb and 87Sr/86Sr from soil were established. The highest concentrations for heavy metals were recorded on the surface, with increasing depth of the soil these concentrations decrease. Regarding of Pb sources (lithogenic or anthropogenic), the average 206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb and 206Pb/204Pb ratios in soil profile increase horizons followed the order: 1.13526 (0-10 cm 206Pb/207Pb) > 1.13427 (10-20 cm 206Pb/207Pb); 2.12626 (10-20 cm 208Pb/206Pb) > 2.12472 (10-20 cm 208Pb/206Pb) and 17.36201 (10-20 cm 206Pb/204Pb) > 17.36128 (0-10 cm 206Pb/204Pb). Statistically, in the case of 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/206Pb there are very significant differences between the analyzed variants while 206Pb/204Pb does not show any differences with in terms of distribution on the depth of the soil profile. Our results confirm that the 207Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 204Pb/206Pb and 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio can be used to track the geographical origin of wine, discriminate between wine production regions, and be used to characterize wine terroirs for forensic purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contamination of vineyard soils with heavy-metals has been a worldwide concern, determination of these elements it is important for the wine industry. The aim of this research was to determine the concentration of different heavy metals (Cd, Pb, U, Hg, As, Sr, Co, Cu, Ni and Cr) from vineyard soil on different depths in an area of vineyard cultivation from Dealu Bujorului Galati County. In order to highlight the combination of different sources, natural or anthropogenic of heavy metals the isotopic ratios for 206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 206Pb/207Pb and 87Sr/86Sr from soil were established. The highest concentrations for heavy metals were recorded on the surface, with increasing depth of the soil these concentrations decrease. Regarding of Pb sources (lithogenic or anthropogenic), the average 206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb and 206Pb/204Pb ratios in soil profile increase horizons followed the order: 1.13526 (0-10 cm 206Pb/207Pb) > 1.13427 (10-20 cm 206Pb/207Pb); 2.12626 (10-20 cm208Pb/206Pb) > 2.12472 (10-20 cm 208Pb/206Pb) and 17.36201 (10-20 cm 206Pb/204Pb) > 17.36128 (0-10 cm 206Pb/204Pb). Statistically, in the case of 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/206Pb there are very significant differences between the analyzed variants while 206Pb/204Pb does not show any differences with in terms of distribution on the depth of the soil profile. Our results confirm that the 207Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 204Pb/206Pb and 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio can be used to track the geographical origin of wine, discriminate between wine production regions, and be used to characterize wine terroirs for forensic purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil pollution represents any unwanted change of its physical, chemical or biological characteristics, with direct implications on vegetation, animals and the human health. The chemical composition of soil affects the quality of grapes and wine. The research was conducted in Şimleul Silvaniei and Baia Mare, soil samples were collected from vineyards planted with Fetească, Fetească Regală and Italian Riesling. The quality of grapes, wine and the chemical composition of soil are closely interrelated. The chemical composition of soil analyzes the content of nutrient dynamics and their availability to plants. Samples were collected with the pedological drill, the sampling depths were 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm, disaggregated in the Berghof MWS2 microwave and the chemical composition was determined through the AAS method. In Baia Mare, the highest concentrations of metals were found in the soil layer 0-60 cm (7802 mg/kg Na, 4024 mg/kg Ca, 10.87 mg/kg Cd, 100.32 mg/kg Ni, 52.53 mg/kg Co) in the area where there is a large mass of roots. Pb pollutes with high values (2605 mg/kg) in the 20-40 cm horizon. In Șimleul Silvaniei, only Ca has higher values (6381 mg/kg) than in Baia Mare in the same horizon (0-20 cm). All metals have lower values than in Baia Mare, due to the distance from the source of pollution. Through the genetic soil type, the parent rock influence and determining the chemical composition, it can be concluded that metals and heavy metals can lead to the pollution of vine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creation of varieties with high biological resistant to specific diseases of the vine but also to the extreme weather conditions (frost) represents a great advantage by being able to avoid phytosanitary products. But besides these goals, the breeder must have into account the productivity and quality, these characters being of major importance for the farmer. In the natural conditions of Blaj vineyard, in 2013, the registries results show that 'Brumariu' obtained the biggest values for: sugar level (195.7 g/l), absolute fertility coefficient (1.7), relative fertility coefficient (1.6) and relative productivity index (239.5 g). The most early variety was 'Rubin', witch maturated at 20th of september. 'Radames' offers high productivity (over 25 t/ha) but the destination is for getting current consumption wines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yield and the main qualitative characteristics of the 'Fetească albă' cultivar from the Lechința vineyard are presented in this paper in comparison with other four cultivars: 'Fetească regală', 'Chasselas doré', 'Riesling italian' and 'Muscat Ottonel'. All varieties were analysed in the same eco-climatic conditions and were applied the same technology specific to the vine culture. The data were collected and processed on the variants and repetitions. The results have shown that 'Fetească regală' (3.8 g/l H2SO4) and 'Chasselas doré' (4.0 g/l H2SO4) recorded the highest values for acidity, pH was highest at 'Fetească regală' and 'Muscat Ottonel' and cultivar 'Fetească regală' accumulated the largest quantity of sugar (225.8 g/l). The highest grape production was recorded for 'Chasselas doré' (8.0 t/ha) and the lowest 'Fetească albă' and'Muscat Ottonel' each other with 5.0 t/ha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper was done in order to establish the influence of special green works (grapes thinning, partial deleafing and grapes bagging) on ripening evolution at the varieties: 'Muscat Ottonel', 'Neuburger', 'Traminer roz' and 'Sauvignon blanc', in ecoclimatic conditions of Târnave Vineyard. The grapes ripening was observed starting with 19th August, after dough ripening. Several determinations were conducted regarding sugars accumulations, acidity and the weigh of 100 berries, at a one week interval (the 19th of August, 29th of August, 5th of September and 12th of September). Out of the methods known for sugars determinations within the must (refractometric method, densymetric method and chemical method) it was used the refractometric one. The principle of the method is based on the determination of the dry matter percent within the must by using the refratometer. The content of sugars is then calculated with the aid of the corresponding tables. The result is expressed in g/1 (sugar grams/must litres). Titration in the presence on Phenolphthalein was used to determine the total acidity within the must. The acidity is expressed in g/1 H2S04. Variant 2 (deleafed) of 'Traminer roz' accumulated the highest sugars content. The acidity decreases with the sugars concentration. An important decrease is observed in the first period of maturation (19th of August- 5th of September), excepting the 'Neuburger' variety, which had an acidity decrease during the 5th- 12th of September period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Vegetation management in vineyard inter-rows includes tillage and/or herbicide application. • Diversity and activity of surface Collembola communities was positively correlated with tillage intensity and herbicide application. • Increased Collembola activity after disturbance appear to be the result of disrupted competitor/predator control mechanisms. Vineyards are important perennial, often intensively managed agroecosystems. In most vineyards, ground vegetation is controlled by tillage and/or the application of broadband herbicides with scarcely known effects on the soil fauna. We studied a total of 16 commercial vineyards in the Târnave wine region, a typical viticultural region in Transylvania, Central Romania. As a model organism for surface-dwelling arthropods we examined the response of springtail (Collembola) species richness and activity density to vineyard tillage practices, fertilization, and herbicide application. A total of 24 species in 10 families were found in the studied vineyards. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) identified three distinct springtail communities linked to tillage and fertilization practice. Springtail species richness was positively associated with high tillage intensity (frequency: once or twice a year). Springtail activity density in inter-rows was positively correlated with inter-row tillage and herbicide application under grapevines. For the first time we could show that springtail species assemblages in vineyards were characterized by high niche overlap regarding soil quality (organic matter, pH, CaCO 3 , P and K), indicating similar resource utilization. We conclude that the positive influence of vineyard management and disturbance on surface-dwelling springtail communities is possibly due to the exclusion of potential competitors and predators, the stimulation of microorganisms and/or an increased nutrient input. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]