15 results on '"Ceretta, Carlos Alberto"'
Search Results
2. Nitrogen Critical Level in Leaves in 'Chardonnay' and 'Pinot Noir' Grapevines to Adequate Yield and Quality Must.
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Tassinari, Adriele, Stefanello, Lincon Oliveira, Schwalbert, Rai Augusto, Vitto, Beatriz Baticini, Kulmann, Matheus Severo de Souza, Santos, João Pedro Jung, Arruda, Wagner Squizani, Schwalbert, Raissa, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, De Conti, Lessandro, Schumacher, Rafael Lizandro, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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PINOT noir ,GRAPES ,CHARDONNAY ,GRAPE yields ,SANDY soils ,VITIS vinifera ,ANTHOCYANINS ,GRAPE growing - Abstract
The nitrogen (N) critical level in leaves and maximum technical efficiency (MTE) doses contribute to the grape yield, must quality, and fertilizers rationalization. This study aimed to define sufficient ranges and critical levels in leaves and maximum technical efficiency doses to obtain high yields and quality must in grapevines grown in sandy soil in a subtropical climate. 'Chardonnay' and 'Pinot Noir' grapevines were subjected to the annual application of 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 kg N ha
−1 in a vineyard. The nitrogen concentration in leaves at flowering and veraison, grape yield and grape must chemical parameters (total soluble solids—TSS, total titratable acidity—TTA and total anthocyanins—TA) were evaluated. The N critical level in leaves at flowering was different between grapevines cultivars, but this was not observed in leaves at veraison. It was possible to estimate MTE for 'Chardonnay' grapevines, in the evaluated growing seasons. In the range of higher probability of the N critical level in leaves, the TSS and TTA variables showed opposite responses, for both cultivars. This study proposes different N critical levels for red and white grapevines, in a subtropical climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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3. Fertilización fosfatada para plantas jóvenes de vid Chardonnay y Pinot Noir en suelo arenoso
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Ciotta, Marlise Nara, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar, Silva, Lincon Oliveira Stefanello da, Couto, Rafael da Rosa, Tassianri, Adriele, Marchezan, Carina, Girotto, Eduardo, Conti, Lessandro de, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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Phosphorus fertilizer ,Leaf P ,growth ,Vitis vinifera ,crecimiento ,Fertilización fosfatada ,Vitis vinífera ,P en hojas - Abstract
RESUMEN Los suelos arenosos de la región Campanha Gaúcha son naturalmente bajos en contenidos de fósforo (P) disponible, por lo que requiere una atención especial con la fertilización previo a la siembra. Sin embargo, aún no existen trabajos de investigación que permitan una calibración adecuada para determinar el contenido de P disponible en suelos para el cultivo de vides viníferas jóvenes. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la fertilización fosfatada en las variedades jóvenes de vid Chardonnay y Pinot Noir a fin de sugerir dosis a la recomendación de P, en suelos arenosos. En Octubre de 2011 fueron aplicadas seis dosis de P (0, 10, 20, 40, 60 y 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 año-1) en suelo y transplantadas las variedades Chardonnay (experimento 1) y Pinot Noir (experimento 2). El diseño experimental fue de bloques completos al azar, con tres repeticiones, y diez plantas. Fueron evaluados los contenidos de P en el suelo, en hojas, altura de plantas, diámetro del tallo y materia seca del material podado durante las cosechas del 2011/12 a 2014/15. La adición de dosis crecientes de P incrementó el contenido de P disponible en el suelo después de los tres años del establecimiento de los experimentos cuando las dosis fueron superiores de 40 y 60 de P2O5 ha-1 en las variedades Pinot Noir y Chardonnay, respectivamente. En todos los estados los contenidos en P en suelo, fueron suficientes, por lo tanto, el crecimiento y contenido de P en las Hojas, no fueron afectadas. ABSTRACT Sandy soils of the Campanha Gaúcha region have naturally low levels of available phosphorus (P), which is why special attention to pre-planting fertilization is important. However, there are no studies that enable a proper calibration method to determine P content available in soil for young grapevines. The study aimed to evaluate phosphorus fertilization for young grapevines of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir in order to provide support for the recommendation of P in sandy soils. In October, 2011 we applied six doses of P (0, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 yr-1) in soil and transplanted cultivars of Chardonnay (experiment 1) and Pinot Noir (ex-periment 2). The design of each experiment was randomized blocks with ten plants and three replications. We evaluated P content in the soil and leaves. We determined plant height, stem diameter and dry matter of the pruned material from crop seasons 2011/12 to 2014/15. The addition of increasing P doses elevated P content available in soil three years after implementing the experiments, but exclusively in doses above 40 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 in Pinot Noir and Chardonnay, respectively. However, P content in soil for every applied P dose remained below sufficiency level, and therefore growth parameters and leaf P content were virtually unaffected.
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- 2018
4. Grape yield, and must compounds of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapevine in sandy soil with potassium contents increasing
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Ciotta, Marlise Nara, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Silva, Lincon Oliveira Stefanello da, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Sautter, Claudia Kaehler, Couto, Rafael da Rosa, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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produção ,qualidade da uva ,análise foliar ,Vitis vinifera ,grape production ,foliar analysis ,quality of the grape - Abstract
Content of exchangeable potassium (K) in t soil may influence on its content in grapevines leaves, grape yield, as well as, in must composition. The study aimed to assess the interference of exchangeable K content in the soil on its leaf content, production and must composition of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' cultivar. In September 2011, in Santana do Livramento (RS) five vineyards with increasing levels of exchangeable K in the soil were selected. In the 2012/13 and 2013/14 harvests, the grape yield, yield components, total K content in the leaves in full bloom and berries veraison were evaluated. Values of total soluble sugar (TSS), pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), total polyphenols and anthocyanins were evaluated in the must. Exchangeable K content increase in soil with sandy surface texture increased its content in leaves collected during full flowering and in berries and must pH; however, it did not affect production of the 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. RESUMO: O potássio (K) é um dos macronutrientes exigidos em maior quantidade pela videira, porém o seu incremento no solo pode não aumentar a produção de uva, mas pode modificar a sua composição. O trabalho objetivou avaliar a interferência do teor de K trocável no solo sobre o seu teor na folha, produção e composição do mosto da cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. Em setembro de 2011, em Santana do Livramento (RS), foram selecionados cinco vinhedos com níveis crescentes de K trocável no solo. Nas safras 2012/13 e 2013/14, foi avaliada a produção de uva, os componentes de produção, o teor total de K nas folhas no pleno florescimento e na mudança da cor das bagas. No mosto, foram avaliados os valores de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), pH, a acidez total titulável (ATT) e os totais de polifenóis e antocianinas. O incremento do teor de K trocável no solo aumentou o K total nas folhas no pleno florescimento, nas bagas e a composição do mosto, mas não afetou a produção de uva da cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon'.
- Published
- 2016
5. Lixiviação e volatilização de nitrogênio em um Argissolo cultivado com videira submetida à adubação nitrogenada
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Lorensini, Felipe, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Girotto, Eduardo, Cerini, Jackson Berticelli, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, De Conti, Lessandro, Trindade, Mateus Moreira, Melo, George Wellington de, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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nitrate ,Vitis vinifera ,amônia ,ammonia ,nitrato ,nitrogen ,nitrogênio - Abstract
O nitrogênio (N) aplicado na superfície do solo em vinhedos pode ser perdido por volatilização ou lixiviação, sendo uma das possíveis explicações para o baixo aproveitamento de N pelas videiras. O trabalho objetivou avaliar as perdas de N por volatilização e lixiviação do N mineral em solo cultivado com videira submetida à adubação nitrogenada. Foram instalados dois experimentos em um vinhedo de Cabernet Sauvignon, em Rosário do Sul (RS), Brasil. No experimento 1, foram instalados lisímetros no solo que recebeu a aplicação de 0, 40, 80 e 120kg de N ha-1 ano-1 na forma de ureia e, durante o período de agosto a dezembro de 2009, foi coletada a solução do solo para a análise de N mineral. No experimento 2, foram instaladas câmaras coletoras no solo que recebeu, em agosto de 2010, a aplicação de 0, 20, 40, e 80kg de N ha-1 ano-1 na forma de ureia, 40kg de N ha-1 ano-1 de composto orgânico e 40kg de N ha-1 ano-1 de ureia revestida com polímeros, para avaliar a volatilização de N-NH3 do momento da aplicação até 80 horas depois da aplicação. As maiores concentrações de nitrogênio mineral na solução lixiviada foram encontradas nas doses mais elevadas de fertilizante mineral aplicado e ao longo da brotação e florescimento das videiras, o que pode diminuir o aproveitamento do nutriente pelas plantas. Os maiores fluxos e perdas de amônia do solo cultivado com videira para a atmosfera aconteceram nas doses mais elevadas de nitrogênio mineral aplicado, especialmente, depois de 44 horas da sua aplicação sobre a superfície do solo. A aplicação de ureia revestida com polímeros e composto orgânico promoveram as menores perdas de amônia por volatilização, o que pode estimular o aproveitamento de nitrogênio pelas videiras. Nitrogen (N) applied in vineyards may be lost through volatilization or lixiviation. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the N losses through volatilization or lixiviation in vineyard submitted the N fertilization, at Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil in Southern Brazil. In the experiment 1, the treatments were applications of 0, 40, 80 and 120kg N ha-1, as urea form, and analyze N concentration in soil solution. The soil solution was collected by lysimeters during the cycle of the grapevines. In the experiment 2, the treatments were 0, 20, 40, and 80kg N ha-1, as urea form, 40kg ha-1 N as composed organic form and 40kg N ha-1 as urea covered with polymer to evaluate ammonia volatilization until 80 hours after N fertilization. The largest concentration of mineral nitrogen were detected in the leach solution from treatments of higher doses of mineral fertilizer, along the budding and along the flowering of grapevines and this factors may decrease the nutrient efficiency. The largest flows and losses of ammonia to the atmosphere from a soil cultivated with grapevines happened at treatments with highest doses of mineral nitrogen. The highest lose happened 44 hours after fertilizer application on soil surface. The application of urea coated with polymers and organic compounds showed the smallest ammonia losses by volatilization, which may improve nitrogen efficiency by grapevines.
- Published
- 2012
6. Copper Accumulation and Availability in Sandy, Acid, Vineyard Soils.
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Miotto, Alcione, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Girotto, Eduardo, Trentin, Gustavo, Kaminski, João, De Conti, Lessandro, Moreno, Toselli, Elena, Baldi, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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COPPER , *FUNGICIDES , *SANDY soils , *ORGANIC compounds , *ULTISOLS - Abstract
The use of copper (Cu)-based fungicides to control diseases in vineyards can cause excessive Cu accumulation in soils. Greater Cu availability is expected in acid sandy soils with low organic matter (OM), where the risk of toxicity to plants and environment contamination is high. This study aimed to study the evolution of Cu in acid, sandy soils planted with grapevines for a period of time between 2 and 32 years. Two studies were carried out in South Brazil: in the first study, soil samples, from 19 vineyards were collected and analyzed in the first 0.2 m depth-layer for the total and available Cu. In the second study, 3 soils were selected among the previous 19 according to the age of vineyard (5, 11, and 30 year-old), and their 0.60 m-depth profile was analyzed for 5 fractions of Cu (soluble, exchangeable, mineral, organic, and residual). All the soils were classified as Ultisols. The vineyards with more than 25 years under cultivation had a mean total Cu concentration of 90 mg kg−1in the 0–0.10 m layer. Approximately 80% of it was potentially available to plants. The greatest total and available Cu were found in the soil surface layers (0.2 m depth), where up to 75% of the total Cu is adsorbed in clay minerals and only 20% is complexed in the OM. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2017
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7. Contribution of nitrogen from urea applied at different rates and times on grapevine nutrition.
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, de Melo, George Wellington Bastos, Girotto, Eduardo, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, da Rosa Couto, Rafael, Tassinaria, Adriele, Hammerschmitt, Rodrigo Knevitz, da Silva, Lincon Oliveria Stefanello, Lazzaretti, Bruno Pedro, de Souza Kulmann, Matheus Severo, and Carranca, Corina
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EFFECT of nitrogen on plants , *GRAPES , *UREA , *SANDY soils , *BUDDING (Plant propagation) , *NUTRITION - Abstract
In Brazilian vineyards planted in sandy soils, nitrogen (N) should be applied at optimal rates and timing that correspond to greatest demand, thus minimizing N losses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the grapevine N distribution and recovery of urea- 15 N applied at budding and bloom. In 2009, in a vineyard ( Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) planted in Santana do Livramento, south Brazil, grapevines were treated with 10 kg N ha −1 at budding +10 kg N ha −1 at full bloom (10B + 10F); 20 kg N ha −1 at budding +20 kg N ha −1 at full bloom (20B + 20F); 20 kg N ha −1 at budding (20B); and 40 kg N ha −1 at full bloom (40F). Budding of grapevines in 2009 and 2010 was at the end of August and full bloom in November. In February 2010 and 2011, grapevine organs (leaves, berries, stem and roots) were collected, and in February 2011 soil samples were also collected in the profile. The wine-producing grapevines grown in the sandy soil took up more N derived from 20B treatment, compared with other N treatments, especially in the first crop season. The N derived from fertilizer applied at different rates and time was preferentially distributed in annual plant organs, but most N contained in the plant organs was derived from other sources than the fertilizer N. In the following season, 15 N applied in the previous year was recovered preferentially in leaves and fruits, again in low amounts. Nitrogen derived from fertilizer applied at different rates and time in a sandy soil apparently contributes little to grapevine nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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8. Grape yield, and must compounds of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapevine in sandy soil with potassium contents increasing.
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Nara Ciotta, Marlise, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Stefanello da Silva, Lincon Oliveira, Avelar Ferreira, Paulo Ademar, Kaehler Sautter, Claudia, da Rosa Couto, Rafael, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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GRAPE yields , *FRUIT yield , *POTASSIUM , *SOIL composition , *GRAPE varieties , *CABERNET wines , *SAUVIGNON blanc - Abstract
Content of exchangeable potassium (K) in t soil may influence on its content in grapevines leaves, grape yield, as well as, in must composition. The study aimed to assess the interference of exchangeable K content in the soil on its leaf content, production and must composition of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' cultivar. In September 2011, in Santana do Livramento (RS) five vineyards with increasing levels of exchangeable K in the soil were selected. In the 2012/13 and 2013/14 harvests, the grape yield, yield components, total K content in the leaves in full bloom and berries veraison were evaluated. Values of total soluble sugar (TSS), pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), total polyphenols and anthocyanins were evaluated in the must. Exchangeable K content increase in soil with sandy surface texture increased its content in leaves collected during full flowering and in berries and must pH; however, it did not affect production of the 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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9. Mobility of copper and zinc fractions in fungicide-amended vineyard sandy soils.
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Miotto, Alcione, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Schmitt, Djalma Eugênio, Heinzen, Janaína, de Moraes, Marcel Pires, Canton, Ludiana, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Comin, Jucinei José, and Girotto, Eduardo
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FUNGICIDES ,SOIL amendments ,SANDY soils ,VINEYARDS ,SOIL composition ,HEAVY metals ,SOIL sampling ,SOIL pollution - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mobility of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the profile and distribution of sandy soil fractions from vineyards. Soil samples were collected from two vineyards of different ages (14 and 30 years) and a natural field area in the south of Brazil. The chemical characteristics, Cu levels and Zn levels, were analyzed in the soils by extraction with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) using the 3050B method of USEPA and by chemical fractionation. Cu and Zn were accumulated in the vineyard soils, especially in the uppermost soil layers and in the soil from the oldest vineyard. Approximately, 75% of the total Cu was extracted by EDTA, but only 30% of the total Zn was extracted by EDTA. Most of the Cu, especially in the oldest vineyard, was distributed in the mineral-associated fraction, which is characterized by low geochemical mobility, but another important part of the Cu was distributed in the soil organic matter. Most of the Zn in the soil was distributed in the residual and mineral-associated fractions, which are characterized by low mobility and have potential for causing toxicity to plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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10. Soil Phosphorus Fractions in a Sandy Typic Hapludaft as Affected by Phosphorus Fertilization and Grapevine Cultivation Period.
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Lorensini, Felipe, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo, Trentin, Gustavo, Girotto, Eduardo, Miotto, Alcione, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, and de Melo, George Wellington
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GRAPE growing ,PHOSPHORUS in soils ,PLANT fertilization ,PHOSPHATE fertilizers ,ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment ,COVER crops ,HUMUS - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to quantify the phosphorus (P) fractions in phosphate-fertilized sandy soils under grapevines. Soil was sampled from a grassland site and two vineyards (13 and 31 years old) in the State Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from the layers 0–5, 5–10, 10–15, 15–20, and 20–40 cm deep. The samples were prepared and P fractions were assessed by chemical fractionation. Phosphate fertilization of the vineyard soils increased P contents to a depth of 40 cm, especially in the more recalcitrant fractions but detectable in the more labile fractions as well, which are plant available and may increase the risk of environmental contamination. Phosphate fertilizers and the period of grapevine cultivation had little effect on the levels of organic P forms, whereas cover crops in vineyards could be an appropriate strategy to increase or maintain the levels of soil organic matter and the levels of organic P over the years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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11. Produção e composição química da uva de videiras Cabernet Sauvignon submetidas à adubação nitrogenada.
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Kaminski, João, de Melo, George Wellington, Girotto, Eduardo, Trentin, Eder Efrain, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Vieira, Renan Costa Beber, and Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo
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GRAPES , *FRUIT composition , *NITROGEN fertilizers , *MUST , *AMMONIA , *POTASSIUM , *ANTHOCYANINS - Abstract
Fertilization of grapevines with N is generally accomplished to supply the demand for N. However N should be used with prudence because affect the yield and chemical composition of the grape and your must. The experiment was carried out in 2004/05, to evaluate the effect of N fertilization on the grape yield and on the chemical composition of the grape and must of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines, at Udorthent soil at Southern Brazil, Bento Gonçalves city. The treatments were control, 15, 30, 45 and 60kg ha-1 N, added during the vegetative and productive period. In the maturation, the grape was collected. Grape yield by plant and by hectare, length and width of bunches were evaluated and 100 berries were weighted. Berries were collected and a part of them was used to evaluate soluble solids in the must, pH, total acidity, tartaric acid, malic acid, total phenols, anthocyanins and N ammonia. The remaining berries were triturated and used to evaluated total N, P, K, Ca and Mg. The results showed that the yield of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines in soils with medium content of organic matter is maximum with the fertilization of 15 and 30kg ha-1 N. The N fertilization increased the values of ammonia in the must and potassium percentage in the berry, but decreased the values of anthocyanins, what interferes the color of red wines and the formation of precipitate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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12. Dynamics of spatial and temporal growth of the root system of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) under nitrogen levels in sandy soil in subtropical climate.
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Kulmann, Matheus Severo de Souza, Stefanello, Lincon Oliveira, Tassinari, Adriele, Arruda, Wagner Squizani, Vitto, Beatriz Baticini, de Souza, Rodrigo Otavio Schneider, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Simão, Daniela Guimarães, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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SANDY soils , *ROOT growth , *GRAPES , *SOIL depth , *PLANT cells & tissues , *VITIS vinifera - Abstract
• N addition promotes the increase in the surface area of live fine roots. • Fine root production is higher in grapevine flowering stage. • N concentration in leaves is promoted by the increase in the fine roots. • Total number of dead and mortality of fine roots is increased by the addition of N. Nitrogen (N) supply to the soil via fertilization can influence important processes of the root system growth, which can increase N uptake and, consequently, the shoot growth. In this context, the study aimed to evaluate how the application of N levels can affect the dynamics of spatial and temporal growth of the root system of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) in sandy soil and subtropical climate. 'Alicante Bouschet' grapevines, grafted on 'Paulsen 1103' rootstock, implanted in 2011. The N addition were: Low N: control (without the N addition; 0 kg N ha−1 year−1); Medium N (40 kg N ha−1 year−1); and High N (100 kg N ha−1 year−1). The study was carried out during 2016/17 and 2017/18 crop seasons. N concentration in the leaves and morphological parameters of fine roots were evaluated using the minirhizotron technique. The addition of Medium N and High N significantly increased the values of the total surface area of live fine roots and the total number of live and dead fine roots, at 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm soil depth, in both crop seasons evaluated. The addition of Medium N and High N also directly influenced the production rates of live fine roots, with patterns of seasonal changes, especially increased in the flowering stage of the grapevines. This occurs due to the increase in the physiological demand of growing plant tissues, such as new roots, leaves and fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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13. Potassium fertilization in young vines and production in Southern Brazil
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Ciotta, Marlise Nara, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Brunetto, Gustavo, Nava, Gilberto, Cassol, Paulo Cezar, and Melo, George Wellington Bastos de
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Vitis vinifera ,Water potential ,Potássio ,Potassium ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO [CNPQ] ,Potencial hídrico ,Wine ,Mosto - Abstract
The application of potassium (K) and lime as a source of Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg) in soil may affect the growth and nutritional status of young plants of grapevines as well as grape production, must composition and distribution of forms of K in the soil. This study aimed to i) evaluate the growth and nutritional status of young grapevines submitted to the application of K lime in soil ii) evaluate how potassium fertilization affects the grape production, must composition and alterations of forms of K in soil, and iii) evaluate the potential of water in leaves as well as the nutritional status and must composition of grapevines grown with or without irrigation. Four studies were carried out. In study I, two experiments were performed in Campanha Gaucha (RS) in order to assess young plants. In the experiment 1, 0, 30 and 60 kg K2O ha-1were applied. In the experiment 2, 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg K2O ha-1were applied with application of dolomitic and calcitic lime. The K content in leaves, plant height, stem diameter and pruned material weight were evaluated. Studies II, III and IV were carried out for plants in production with the installation of three other experiments. One of the experiments was performed in Serra Catarinense (SC) with 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg K2O ha-1 yr-1. The second experiment was in Campanha Gaucha with five levels of K in the soil. The K content in leaf, berries, grape yield components, and must composition were evaluated in both experiments. The third experiment was carried out in the region of Trento (Italy) with grapevines in production, with or without irrigation the soil, where the water potential of plants as well as the nutrient content in the leaf and berry of grapes were evaluated. In the experiment with young plants, soil potassium fertilization increased the K only in the 0-10 cm layer and influenced the content of K in the leaves in the first season; however, it did not influence the growth of cv. Chardonnay or Pinot Noir. For plants in production in Serra Catarinense there was an increase in the levels of exchangeable, non-exchangeable and total K in soil with the application of potassium fertilizer. The application of K in the soil increased the concentration of K in leaf and petioles of grapevines; however, it did not affect grape production or the must composition. In Campanha Gaucha, the increase of the content of exchangeable K in the soil increased the total K in the leaves in flowering, the K content in the berries and the pH of the must; however, it did not affect grape production. Although providing less negative water potential in grapevine leaves, irrigation did not affect nutritional status or the enological parameters of the berry, showing little interference in its nutrient content. A aplicação de potássio (K) e calcário, como fonte de Ca e Mg no solo, podem afetar o crescimento e o estado nutricional de plantas jovens de videiras, assim como, pode afetar a produção de uva, composição do mosto e alterar a distribuição das formas de K no solo. O trabalho objetivou (a) avaliar o crescimento e o estado nutricional de videiras jovens submetidas à aplicação de K calcários no solo (b) avaliar como a adubação potássica pode afetar a produção de uva, composição do mosto e alteração das formas de K no solo (c) avaliar o potencial de água em folhas, o estado nutricional e a composição do mosto, de videiras cultivadas com e sem irrigação. Foram realizados quatro estudos. Para avaliar plantas jovens, no estudo I, foram instalados dois experimentos na Campanha Gaucha (RS), onde foi aplicado, no experimento 1: 0,30 e 60 kg de K2O ha-1; e no experimento 2: 0, 60, 120, e 180 kg de K2O ha-1, com aplicação de calcário calcítico e dolomítico. Avaliou-se o teor de K em folhas, a altura de plantas, diâmetro de caule e massa do material podado. Para plantas em produção, Estudos II, III e IV, foram instalados outros três experimentos. Na Serra Catarinense (SC) com 0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 kg de K2O ha-1 ano-1 e outro na Campanha Gaucha com 5 níveis de K no solo, em ambos foram avaliados os teroes de K na folha, nas bagas, componentes de rendimento da uva e composição do mosto. Na região de Trento (Itália) foi instalado um experimento com videiras em produção, com e sem irrigação do solo, onde foi avaliado o potencial hídrico das plantas, além do teor de nutrientes na folha e na baga de uva. No experimento com plantas jovens, a adubação potássica no solo incrementou os teores de K somente na camada de 0-10 cm, influenciou o teor de K nas folhas na primeira safra, porém não influenciou os parâmetros de crescimento nas cv. Chardonnay e Pinot Noir. Para plantas em produção na Serra Catarinense houve incremento nos teores de K trocável, não trocável e total no solo com a aplicação da adubação potássica. A aplicação de K no solo aumentou os teores de K no limbo e pecíolo das videiras, mas não afetou a produção de uva e a composição do mosto. Na Campanha o incremento do teor de K trocável no solo aumentou o K total nas folhas no pleno florescimento, o teor de K nas bagas e o valor de pH do mosto, mas não afetou a produção de uva. A irrigação, apesar de proporcionar potencial de água menos negativo nas folhas da videira, não afetou o estado nutricional, os parâmetros enológicos e pouco interferiu no teor de nutrientes na baga.
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- 2014
14. Nitrogen in young and vines in production
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Lorensini, Felipe, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Brunetto, Gustavo, Silva, Leandro Souza da, Melo, George Wellington Bastos de, and Girotto, Eduardo
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Componentes de produção ,Yield components ,Nitrogen ,Cutting development ,Vitis vinifera ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO [CNPQ] ,Nitrogênio ,Crescimento de plantas - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico In the Campanha Gaúcha from Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), vines has been cultivated under sandy soils with low organic matter content; therefore they have a low nitrogen (N) supply capacity and inputs of N fertilizers are necessary. Moreover, there is a lack of information about the responses of nitrogen fertilization over the cuttings, production, nutritional status and must composition. The study aimed to evaluate the increment of N forms in the soil and the response of young vines and also evaluate the nutritional status and must composition in adult vines production. To evaluate the response of N addition in young vines an experiment was carried out in Santana do Livramento (RS) from October 2011 to December 2012, using vines of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir varieties which received 0, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg N ha- 1 year-1. Soil samples at 0-10 and 10-20 cm were collected and analyzed to evaluate the levels of N-NH4 +, N-NO3 -, N total and calculate the mineral N. In plants, were evaluated the N total of leaves, realized SPAD readings, stem diameter, plant height and mass of pruned material. For rating the impact of nitrogen fertilization in adult vines an experiment was carried out in Rosario do Sul (RS) where vines Cabernet Sauvigon received 0, 10, 15, 20, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1 year-1. Along the harvests of 2008/ 09, 2009/ 10 and 2010/11 leaves were collected in the flowering and changing the color of berries, total N content was analyzed, the production of grapes was quantified and the enological attributes of must were evaluated. Application of N rates (in young Chardonnay and Pinot Noir plots), did not affect the concentrations of NNH4 +, N-NO3 - and mineral N in the 0-10 cm layer and had small effect in the 10-20 cm layer soil. There was an increase in N content in the leaves of vines, which resulted in increased plant vigor, measured by stem diameter, plant height and mass of material from pruning. Readings SPAD-520 did not detect the increment of the total N content in the leaves of the young vines of both cultivars. On mature vines, the response to N application was not significant, so that the greatest grape production was obtained with the application of 15 kg N ha-1 year-1. The N content increased in the leaves collected in full flowering, but had small effect on the total content of nutrients in the must and did not interfere in their enological attributes, as soluble solids, pH, total acidity and malic acid and tartaric acid. Na Região da Campanha Gaúcha as videiras são cultivadas em solos com textura arenosa e com baixo teor de matéria orgânica, o que lhes confere baixa capacidade de fornecimento de nitrogênio (N) sendo necessária a aplicação de fertilizantes nitrogenados. Nesta região são escassas as informações sobre a resposta de videiras jovens a adubação nitrogenada bem com o impacto da adição de N em plantas adultas sobre sua produção e a composição da uva. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o incremento de formas de N no solo, o crescimento, a produção, estado nutricional e composição do mosto de videiras submetidas à adubação nitrogenada. Para avaliar a reposta de videiras foi realizado um experimento no período de outubro de 2011 a dezembro de 2012, onde videiras das variedades Chardonnay e Pinot Noir foram submetidas à aplicação de 0, 10, 20, 40, 60 e 80 kg N ha-1 ano-1. Foram coletadas amostras de solo nas camadas de 0-10 e 10-20 cm, que foram submetidas a análise dos teores de N-NH4 +, N-NO3 -, N total e calculado o N mineral. Nas plantas avaliou-se o teor total de N em folhas, leituras SPAD, diâmetro de caule, altura das plantas e massa do material podado. Para avalição do impacto da adubação nitrogenada em videiras adultas foi conduzido um experimento onde Videiras Cabernet Sauvigon foram submetidas à aplicação de 0, 10, 15, 20, 40, 80 e 120 kg N ha-1 ano-1. Nas safras de 2008/09, 2009/10 e 2010/11 foram coletadas folhas no pleno florescimento e na mudança da cor das bagas e analisado o teor de N total, avaliada a produção de uva e no mosto foram determinados atributos enológicos. A aplicação de doses de N em videiras jovens, Chardonnay e Pinot Noir, não afetou os teores de N-NH4 +, N-NO3 - e N mineral na camada de 0-10 cm e teve efeito pouco relevante na camada de 10-20 cm do solo. Houve incremento no teor de N nas folhas das videiras, o que se refletiu no aumento no vigor das plantas, mensurado pelo diâmetro de caule, na altura das plantas e na massa do material da poda. A leitura SPAD-520 não detectou o incremento do teor total de N em folhas das videiras jovens das duas cultivares. Em videiras adultas, a resposta à aplicação de N foi pouco expressiva, tanto que a maior produção de uva foi obtida com a aplicação de 15 kg de N ha-1 ano-1. A aplicação de N aumentou o teor do nutriente na folha coletada no pleno florescimento e a coleta das folhas neste estádio mostrou-se mais sensível para avaliar o estado nutricional da videira quando comparado com as folhas coletadas na mudança de cor. O Aumento da dose de N pouco afetou o teor de nutrientes totais no mosto e não interferiu nos atributos enológicos do mosto, como os sólidos solúveis, pH, acidez total e ácido málico e tartárico.
- Published
- 2014
15. Niitrogen fertilization on vine: losses and minieralization of nitrogen
- Author
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Lorensini, Felipe, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Girotto, Eduardo, and Escosteguy, Pedro Alexandre Varella
- Subjects
Composto orgânico ,Mineral nitrogen ,Vitis vinifera ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO [CNPQ] ,Uréia ,Urea ,Organic compost ,Nitrogênio mineral - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Since 1980, native fields of the Campanha Gaúcha from Rio Grande do Sul State (RS) have been incorporated into the grape production. In this region, vines has been cultivated under sandy soils with low organic matter content; therefore they have a low nitrogen (N) supply capacity and inputs of N through organic or mineral sources are necessary. Although, some N may be lose by volatilization or leaching. In addition, the amount of N mineralized along the plant s cycle is unknown. The objective was to evaluate N loses by volatilization and leaching, such as to quantify the N mineralization rates in soils cultivated with vines and fertilized with different sources of N. In order to evaluate the loses, two experiments were carried out in Cabernet Sauvignon vines in Rosário do Sul (RS). The experiment 1 consisted on the installation of lysimeters on the rows and application of 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1, as urea, to collect and analyze the mineral N leached. On the experiment 2, urea was applied in amounts of 0, 20, 40, and 80 kg N ha-1 year-1. Also, application of 40 kg N ha-1 year-1 of organic compost and 40 kg N ha-1 year-1 as polymer coated urea were used to evaluate the N volatilization as N-NH3. To evaluate the mineralization rates, incubations were carried out at the laboratory during 141 days, using Sandy Typic Hapludalf soils, collected from 0-20 cm layer. In the moment of incubation, an amount of 40 Kg N ha-1 of organic compost, polymer coated urea and urea were added on the soils. One sample was collected from a native field as reference treatment. Mineral N concentration in the leached solution, especially along the vine sprouting, increased according to the fertilizers rates applied on the sprouting beginning. The fluxes and loses of N-NH3 from vine soils to the atmosphere had increased according to the mineral N rate. Polymer coated urea and organic compost showed the lowest loses of N-NH3 by volatilization. A higher mineralization was observed up to the 38th day of incubation when polymer coated urea and urea was distributed on soil surface. The N releasing of compost applied on vine soils has a better synchronism to the plant requirements, comparing to polymer coated urea or urea. The N storage in the soil, which may be mineralized of native or vine fields, is able to supply the vine requirements. No Rio Grande do Sul (RS), a partir da década de 80, campos nativos da Campanha Gaúcha foram incorporados ao sistema de produção de uvas. Nesta região as videiras são cultivadas em solos com textura arenosa e com baixo teor de matéria orgânica. Isso lhes confere baixa capacidade de fornecimento de nitrogênio (N) e torna-se necessário a aplicação de fertilizantes nitrogenados de fontes minerais e/ou orgânicas. Porém, parte do N aplicado pode ser perdido por volatilização ou lixiviação. Além disso, a quantidade do nutriente mineralizado ao longo do ciclo das videiras é desconhecida. O trabalho objetivou avaliar as perdas de N por volatilização e lixiviação e a taxa de mineralização de N em solo cultivado com videira e submetido à adubação nitrogenada. Para avaliação das perdas foram instalados dois experimentos em um vinhedo comercial de Cabernet Sauvignon, em Rosário do Sul (RS). O experimento 1 recebeu doses de 0, 40, 80 e 120 kg de N ha-1 ano -1 na forma de uréia e foram instalados lisímetros nas linhas de plantio das videiras para a coleta da solução e análise da concentração de N mineral. No experimento 2 foram instaladas câmaras coletoras no solo, nas linhas de plantio, que receberam aplicações de 0, 20, 40, e 80 kg de N ha-1 ano-1, na forma de uréia, 40 kg de N ha-1 ano-1 de composto orgânico e 40 kg de N ha-1 ano-1 de uréia revestida com polímeros, para avaliar a volatilização de N-NH3. Para avaliar a taxa de mineralização foi realizada uma incubação em laboratório durante 141 dias com as amostras coletadas na camada de 0-20 cm de um solo Argissolo Vermelho com histórico de cultivo de videiras. Ao serem incubados, os solos receberam a adição de composto orgânico, uréia revestida com polímeros e uréia, na dose de 40 Kg ha-1, para todos os tratamentos. Amostras de uma área de campo nativo foram coletadas e utilizadas como referência. As concentrações de N mineral na solução percolada, especialmente ao longo do estádio de brotação das videiras, aumentaram com a dose do fertilizante mineral aplicado no início deste período. Os fluxos e perdas de N-NH3 do solo para a atmosfera em áreas cultivadas com videira aumentaram com a dose de N mineral aplicado. A aplicação de uréia revestida com polímeros e a aplicação de composto orgânico promoveram as menores perdas de N-NH3 por volatilização. No solo de vinhedo submetido à aplicação de uréia revestida com polímeros e uréia na superfície do solo, a maior mineralização de N aconteceu até os 38 dias de incubação. A liberação de N do composto orgânico aplicado no solo de vinhedo tem um maior sincronismo com a necessidade da videira pelo nutriente, quando comparado à uréia revestida e uréia. As reservas de N total, potencialmente mineralizáveis, dos solos de campo nativo e de vinhedos, são suficientes para suprir a demanda da videira.
- Published
- 2011
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