16 results on '"Thompson JT"'
Search Results
2. Vitreomacular adhesion and neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
- Author
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Thompson JT
- Subjects
- Aged, 80 and over, Angiogenesis Inhibitors therapeutic use, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use, Basement Membrane pathology, Bevacizumab, Choroidal Neovascularization drug therapy, Fibrinolysin pharmacology, Focal Adhesions drug effects, Humans, Macular Degeneration drug therapy, Male, Peptide Fragments pharmacology, Retina metabolism, Risk Factors, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A antagonists & inhibitors, Visual Acuity, Vitreous Body drug effects, Vitreous Body metabolism, Choroidal Neovascularization etiology, Focal Adhesions pathology, Macular Degeneration etiology, Retina pathology, Vitreous Body pathology
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Vitreomacular disorders: pathogenesis and treatment.
- Author
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Johnson MW, Brucker AJ, Chang S, Gandorfer A, Kampik A, Kuppermann BD, Russell SR, Spaide RF, and Thompson JT
- Subjects
- Eye Diseases metabolism, Humans, Retinal Diseases metabolism, Eye Diseases etiology, Eye Diseases therapy, Retinal Diseases etiology, Retinal Diseases therapy, Vitreous Body
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Advantages and limitations of small gauge vitrectomy.
- Author
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Thompson JT
- Subjects
- Humans, Intraoperative Complications, Microsurgery adverse effects, Postoperative Complications, Vitrectomy adverse effects, Microsurgery methods, Vitrectomy methods, Vitreous Body surgery
- Abstract
Small gauge vitrectomy utilizing 23- and 25-gauge instrumentation has definite advantages, but also limitations, due to the physics of smaller instruments and sutureless surgery. Higher infusion and aspiration pressures are needed to remove the vitreous using 23- and 25-gauge probes. The advantages include decreased surgical times, less tissue manipulation, reduced inflammation and pain postoperatively with more rapid visual recovery. A disadvantage is greater instrument flexion than 20-gauge probes, making small gauge vitrectomy more appropriate for indications such as vitreous opacities, epiretinal membranes, macular holes, and simple retinal detachments. There are also some increased complications related to small gauge vitrectomy, including dislocation of cannulas intraoperatively, early postoperative hypotony, choroidal detachment, and possibly an increased risk of infectious endophthalmitis., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The role of patient age and intraocular gases in cataract progression following vitrectomy for macular holes and epiretinal membranes.
- Author
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Thompson JT
- Subjects
- Aged, Disease Progression, Humans, Middle Aged, Postoperative Period, Regression Analysis, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Aging, Cataract physiopathology, Epiretinal Membrane surgery, Gases administration & dosage, Retinal Perforations surgery, Vitrectomy, Vitreous Body
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the rate of increase in nuclear sclerosis and posterior subcapsular cataracts in eyes as a function of patient age and use of intravitreal gas at the time of vitrectomy., Methods: Nuclear sclerotic cataracts and posterior subcapsular cataracts were graded on a scale of 0 to 4.0 in 301 consecutive eyes prior and subsequent to vitrectomy for macular holes, epiretinal membranes, or vitreomacular traction syndrome. Linear regression analysis was performed to compare the rate of change in cataract score., Results: Nuclear sclerotic cataracts showed minimal increase in patients younger than 50 years of age following vitrectomy (.13 grades per year). Nuclear sclerotic cataracts increased at a rate of .7 to .9 grades per year (mean, .812) in patients from age 50 to 60, 60 to 70, 70 to 80, and 80+ years, even though the baseline nuclear sclerosis scores were progressively greater for each decade. The increase in nuclear sclerotic cataracts in patients younger than 50 years was significantly less (P<.001) than in patients 50 years or older. The fellow nonsurgical eyes of patients 50 years or older also showed smaller increases in nuclear sclerotic cataracts over time (.091 to .342 grades per year; mean, .139). Eyes with intraocular gas use had a higher rate of nuclear sclerosis progression (.8 grades per year) compared to eyes without intraocular gas bubbles (.5 grades per year) (P<.001). Posterior subcapsular cataract scores showed minimal or no increases in all groups., Conclusions: Patients older than 50 years have a similar rate of increase in nuclear sclerotic cataracts independent of age. The rate is sixfold greater than in patients younger than 50 years and also sixfold greater than the progression of nuclear sclerosis in the fellow nonsurgical eyes. Intravitreal gas bubbles cause nuclear sclerosis to increase by 60%, compared to eyes without use of a gas bubble.
- Published
- 2003
6. Full-thickness macular hole formation in eyes with a pre-existing complete posterior vitreous detachment.
- Author
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Gordon LW, Glaser BM, Ie D, Thompson JT, and Sjaarda RN
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Eye Diseases complications, Eye Diseases physiopathology, Eye Diseases therapy, Female, Fluorescein Angiography, Follow-Up Studies, Fundus Oculi, Humans, Male, Retinal Perforations pathology, Retinal Perforations therapy, Retrospective Studies, Transforming Growth Factor beta administration & dosage, Transforming Growth Factor beta therapeutic use, Visual Acuity, Vitrectomy, Retinal Perforations etiology, Vitreous Body pathology
- Abstract
Background: Tangential macular traction by the posterior vitreous cortex has been widely accepted as the major causative factor in the development of idiopathic macular holes. Separation of the posterior cortical vitreous should relieve this vitreoretinal traction., Methods: The authors report five patients with idiopathic full-thickness macular hole formation that occurred in the presence of a well-documented pre-existing complete posterior vitreous detachment., Results: Of five eyes, three underwent pars plana vitrectomy and instillation of transforming growth factor-beta. No residual prefoveal cortical vitreous was present at the retinal surface at the time of surgery. Additionally, clinically identifiable epiretinal membranes were present in three of five eyes, but these epiretinal membranes were extremely thin, transparent, induced minimal traction, and did not warrant surgical peeling., Conclusion: It is likely that, in these five patients, some mechanism other than tangential traction by prefoveal vitreous cortex is responsible for idiopathic full-thickness macular hole formation.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Efficacy of fluid-air exchange during pars plana vitrectomy.
- Author
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Rubin JS, Thompson JT, Sjaarda RN, Pappas SS Jr, and Glaser BM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Drainage, Female, Fluid Shifts, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Time Factors, Air, Body Fluids physiology, Retinal Perforations surgery, Vitrectomy, Vitreous Body physiology
- Abstract
Purpose: Vitreous fluid that remains trapped in the peripheral vitreous cavity after vitrectomy with fluid-air exchange can result in a smaller than desired intravitreal gas bubble size. To evaluate the effectiveness of a single fluid-air exchange in dehydrating the vitreous cavity, we measured the rate and volume of posterior vitreous fluid migration after an initial fluid-air exchange., Methods: Thirty-eight eyes undergoing vitrectomy for macular hole closure had measurements of posterior vitreous fluid accumulation at either 5, 10, 15, or 20 minutes after fluid-air exchange., Results: An average of 0.38 ml of fluid accumulated posteriorly within 10 minutes after the initial fluid-air exchange compared to 0.22 ml that accumulated after 5 minutes (P = 0.0003). A mean of 0.04 ml accumulated during each 5-minute interval between 10 and 20 minutes after the initial fluid-air exchange., Conclusion: Fluid composing 10% of the vitreous volume may migrate and accumulate posteriorly within 10 minutes of an apparently complete fluid-air exchange. Fluid aspiration after a 10-minute wait after the initial fluid-air exchange helps maximize vitreous cavity dehydration and should be employed when a large gas bubble is required after vitrectomy.
- Published
- 1995
8. Flow dynamics of extrusion needle vacuuming in a closed vitrectomy system.
- Author
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Danis RP and Thompson JT
- Subjects
- Humans, Hydrostatic Pressure, Intraocular Pressure, Models, Anatomic, Needles, Vacuum, Vitrectomy methods, Vitreous Body
- Abstract
The dynamics of pressure, flow, and ocular volume relationships were examined with respect to extrusion needle use in simulated vitrectomy. Glass-stoppered bottles used with infusion lines with drip chambers lowered the intraocular pressure 4 to 7 inches below the fluid level in the bottle, varying with the amount of fluid in the bottle. Compared with flow rates using the regular tip needle with the steel infusion cannula, the disposable infusion cannula lowered the flow rate by about 25% and the tapered tip extrusion needle decreased outflow by 40% to 50%. Tracer dilution rates were decreased by the use of the disposable infusion port or the aphakic model eye; however, 2 minutes of infusion at a 30-inch bottle height dilution was still sufficient to wash out the tracer to less than 5% of the original concentration.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Effect of lensectomy on the movement of tracers from vitreous to aqueous.
- Author
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Thompson JT and Glaser BM
- Subjects
- Animals, Cataract Extraction, Dextrans metabolism, Diabetic Retinopathy pathology, Eye blood supply, Lens Capsule, Crystalline surgery, Lens, Crystalline physiology, Neovascularization, Pathologic pathology, Rabbits, Aqueous Humor metabolism, Lens, Crystalline surgery, Vitreous Body metabolism
- Abstract
To investigate the effect of extracapsular lensectomy with posterior capsulotomy, 20,000- and 70,000-dalton dextran was injected into the vitreous of rabbits. The concentration of the 20,000-dalton dextran in the aqueous of aphakic eyes was 14-fold greater than in phakic eyes 3.5 hours after injection of dextran into the vitreous. The aqueous concentration of the 70,000-dalton dextran was four times greater in aphakic eyes after 3.5 hours. The aqueous concentration of a 20,000-dalton dextran in phakic and aphakic eyes became equal between 15.5 and 22.0 hours after injection. Thus, extracapsular lensectomy with posterior capsulotomy increased the rate of movement of a single bolus of both 20,000- and 70,000-dalton dextran preparations from the vitreous to the anterior chamber.
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Results and prognostic factors in vitrectomy for diabetic vitreous hemorrhage.
- Author
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Thompson JT, de Bustros S, Michels RG, and Rice TA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Eye Diseases surgery, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Reoperation, Risk, Diabetic Angiopathies surgery, Hemorrhage surgery, Vitrectomy adverse effects, Vitreous Body surgery
- Abstract
The final visual acuities and prognostic factors predictive of these results were analyzed in 353 eyes that had pars plana vitrectomy for nonclearing diabetic vitreous hemorrhage. Eighty-one percent of the eyes had improved visual acuities on final examination. The percentage of eyes that achieved a visual acuity of 20/100 or better and the percentage that achieved 5/200 or better increased during the study period. Preoperative factors associated with a favorable visual prognosis included the following: preoperative visual acuity of 5/200 or better, absence of iris neovascularization, absence of neovascular glaucoma, clear lens or minimal cataract, and panretinal photocoagulation of at least one fourth of the fundus. Intraoperative factors associated with a favorable visual prognosis included retaining the crystalline lens and absence of an intraocular gas bubble.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Volume displacement of scleral buckles.
- Author
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Thompson JT and Michels RG
- Subjects
- Eye Banks, Forecasting, Humans, Models, Biological, Retinal Detachment surgery, Body Fluids metabolism, Scleral Buckling, Vitreous Body metabolism
- Abstract
Indentation of the eye wall by a scleral buckle displaces volume from the vitreous cavity. We developed a mathematical formula to calculate the volume displacement caused by a scleral buckle and verified the accuracy of this mathematical model by performing scleral buckles in 21 cadaver eyes and three eyes undergoing retinal reattachment surgery. A single 5-mm radial sponge of moderate height displaces about 0.2 mL of fluid and a circumferential 2.5-mm-wide band of moderate height displaces about 0.5 mL of fluid. Larger circumferential tires of 7- to 10-mm width displace 1.1 to 1.8 mL of fluid, depending on the height and configuration of the scleral buckle. A 7- to 10-mm-wide circumferential scleral buckle with a buckle height of 4 mm may displace up to 45% of the volume of the vitreous cavity. This volume displacement should be considered when injecting expansile gases or pharmacologic agents into the vitreous cavity.
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Role of lensectomy and posterior capsule in movement of tracers from vitreous to aqueous.
- Author
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Thompson JT and Glaser BM
- Subjects
- Animals, Dextrans metabolism, Intraocular Pressure, Lens Capsule, Crystalline physiology, Lens, Crystalline surgery, Molecular Weight, Rabbits, Aqueous Humor metabolism, Lens, Crystalline physiology, Vitreous Body metabolism
- Abstract
The rate of movement of 20,000- and 70,000-dalton dextran from vitreous to aqueous was determined after extracapsular lensectomy in rabbits with an intact posterior capsule. Dextran was injected into the vitreous, and 3.5 hours later the aqueous concentration of 20,000-dalton dextran was 10.3-fold greater in the aphakic than the phakic eye. The aqueous concentration of the 70,000-dalton dextran was 3.9-fold greater in the aphakic eye after 3.5 hours. Thus, extracapsular lensectomy with an intact posterior capsule increases the rate of movement of 20,000- and 70,000-dalton dextran from the vitreous to the anterior chamber. In addition, the movement of tracers from vitreous to aqueous is increased further when the posterior capsule is opened.
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Results and prognostic factors in vitrectomy for diabetic traction-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
- Author
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Thompson JT, de Bustros S, Michels RG, and Rice TA
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Diabetic Retinopathy complications, Female, Humans, Iris blood supply, Male, Middle Aged, Neovascularization, Pathologic complications, Postoperative Complications, Prognosis, Reoperation, Retinal Detachment complications, Retinal Detachment physiopathology, Visual Acuity, Vitreous Hemorrhage complications, Diabetic Retinopathy surgery, Retinal Detachment surgery, Vitreous Body surgery
- Abstract
The results of pars plana vitrectomy for diabetic traction-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were analyzed in 172 eyes, and the factors associated with a final visual acuity of 5/200 or better were identified. Forty-eight percent of eyes had improved vision on final examination. The proportion of eyes with a final visual acuity of 20/100 or better and 5/200 or better remained virtually the same during the ten-year study interval. Preoperative factors associated with a visual acuity of 5/200 or better were a preoperative visual acuity of 5/200 or better, the absence of iris neovascularization, and the absence of retinal detachment involving the macula. The intraoperative factor associated with a final visual acuity of 5/200 or better was the absence of iatrogenic retinal breaks.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Results and prognostic factors in vitrectomy for diabetic traction retinal detachment of the macula.
- Author
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Thompson JT, de Bustros S, Michels RG, and Rice TA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cataract complications, Diabetic Retinopathy complications, Humans, Iris blood supply, Middle Aged, Neovascularization, Pathologic complications, Postoperative Complications surgery, Prognosis, Reoperation, Retinal Detachment complications, Retinal Detachment physiopathology, Visual Acuity, Vitreous Hemorrhage complications, Diabetic Retinopathy surgery, Macula Lutea, Retinal Detachment surgery, Vitreous Body surgery
- Abstract
The level of final visual acuity results and the prognostic factors predictive of the level were analyzed in 360 eyes that had pars plana vitrectomy for diabetic traction retinal detachment of the macula. Fifty-nine percent of the eyes had improved visual acuity on final examination. The percentage of eyes that achieved a final visual acuity of 20/100 or better and the percentage that achieved 5/200 or better increased from 21% to 36% and from 57% to 72%, respectively, during the study. Preoperative factors associated with a favorable visual prognosis were a visual acuity of 5/200 or better, the absence of iris neovascularization, a clear crystalline lens or only minimal cataract formation, clear media or only mild vitreous hemorrhage, panretinal photocoagulation of at least one fourth of the retina, and the absence of severe preoperative retinal neovascularization. Intraoperative factors associated with a favorable visual prognosis include the avoidance of performing a lensectomy, the absence of iatrogenic retinal breaks, and the avoidance of using intraocular gas bubbles.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Rpe cell migration into intact vitreous body.
- Author
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Nguyen-Tan JQ and Thompson JT
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Cell Division, Cell Movement, Cells, Cultured, Eye Diseases etiology, Humans, Middle Aged, Pigment Epithelium of Eye ultrastructure, Rabbits, Time Factors, Pigment Epithelium of Eye physiopathology, Vitreous Body ultrastructure
- Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were obtained from human cadaver eyes and grown to confluence in 16 mm wells. A sterile intact rabbit vitreous body was isolated and placed on the RPE monolayer. RPE cells with fibrocyte-like morphology appeared over the RPE monolayer within 4 to 6 days. These rapidly proliferating cells were observed to extend cellular processes and migrate into the vitreous body. Migration of the RPE cells progressed over 20 to 40 days, at which time bipolar RPE cells were found in multiple layers of the vitreous body. The contractile properties of the migrating RPE cells were evident as 24% of vitreous bodies contracted into a dense cellular gel. This study provides a model of migration of RPE cells in the vitreous and allows study of the interaction of RPE with the intact vitreous gel.
- Published
- 1989
16. Prediction of the kinetics of disappearance of sulfur hexafluoride and perfluoropropane intraocular gas bubbles.
- Author
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Wong RF and Thompson JT
- Subjects
- Animals, Forecasting, Humans, Injections, Rabbits, Fluorides pharmacokinetics, Fluorocarbons pharmacokinetics, Models, Biological, Sulfur Hexafluoride pharmacokinetics, Vitreous Body metabolism
- Abstract
Intravitreal gases are useful in treating complicated retinal detachments by providing internal tamponade of retinal breaks. The geometry of the intraocular gas bubble and the kinetics of intraocular gas absorption determine the geometry and duration of internal tamponade of the retinal break. The authors derived a mathematical relationship based on a geometric model of the rabbit eye which allows calculation of the volume of an intraocular gas bubble from its observed meniscus height. When compared with actual measured bubble volumes, this technique was found to provide an accurate, noninvasive method for determining true intraocular gas volumes. Using this model, the absorption of nonexpansile concentrations of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and perfluoropropane (C3F8) were found to obey first-order kinetics. Both gases were found to have an intraocular half-life two to three times shorter in aphakic rabbit eyes after total vitrectomy than in phakic rabbit eyes with intact vitreous.
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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