1. Protonectin (1-6): a novel chemotactic peptide from the venom of the social wasp Agelaia pallipes pallipes.
- Author
-
Baptista-Saidemberg NB, Saidemberg DM, de Souza BM, César-Tognoli LM, Ferreira VM, Mendes MA, Cabrera MP, Ruggiero Neto J, and Palma MS
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Cell Degranulation drug effects, Chemotactic Factors pharmacology, Chemotaxis drug effects, Circular Dichroism methods, Hemolysis drug effects, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase metabolism, Mast Cells drug effects, Mast Cells enzymology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Neutrophils drug effects, Oligopeptides pharmacology, Peptide Fragments pharmacology, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Sequence Analysis, Protein, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Wasp Venoms pharmacology, Chemotactic Factors chemistry, Oligopeptides chemistry, Peptide Fragments chemistry, Wasp Venoms chemistry, Wasps physiology
- Abstract
Peptides constitute the largest group of Hymenoptera venom toxins; some of them interact with GPCR, being involved with the activation of different types of leukocytes, smooth muscle contraction and neurotoxicity. Most of these toxins vary from dodecapeptides to tetradecapeptides, amidated at their C-terminal amino acid residue. The venoms of social wasps can also contains some tetra-, penta-, hexa- and hepta-peptides, but just a few of them have been structurally and functionally characterized up to now. Protonectin (ILGTILGLLKGL-NH(2)) is a polyfunctional peptide, presenting mast cell degranulation, release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from mast cells, antibiosis against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and chemotaxis for polymorphonucleated leukocytes (PMNL), while Protonectin (1-6) (ILGTIL-NH(2)) only presents chemotaxis for PMNL. However, the mixture of Protonectin (1-6) with Protonectin in the molar ratio of 1:1 seems to potentiate the biological activities dependent of the membrane perturbation caused by Protonectin, as observed in the increasing of the activities of mast cell degranulation, LDH releasing from mast cells, and antibiosis. Despite both peptides are able to induce PMNL chemotaxis, the mixture of them presents a reduced activity in comparison to the individual peptides. Apparently, when mixed both peptides seems to form a supra-molecular structure, which interact with the receptors responsible for PMNL chemotaxis, disturbing their individual docking with these receptors. In addition to this, a comparison of the sequences of both peptides suggests that the sequence ILGTIL is conserved, suggesting that it must constitute a linear motif for the structural recognition by the specific receptor which induces leukocytes migration., ((c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF