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The article examines methodologies and practices that China is employing in an attempt to curb its water shortage crisis. These challenges to water supply derive from climate and demographics and are exacerbated by pollution from waste disposal, wastewater discharge, and agricultural runoff. Water use efficiency is the most prominent method of limiting over-exploitation of water resources. Wastewater reclamation is also being applied in the country. Problems facing these efforts, including global warming and diminished water quality, are examined.

The authors present ways to relieve water shortages in China, noting means that include transformations in economic growth, technological innovations in water conservation and treatment, and policy reforms. A mismatch in water demand and the location of water resources in China is described. China is said to be increasing its efforts to have a service-based economy, while a knowledge economy is its ultimate goal. Reduced water demands that will be realized from technological innovations in agricultural, industrial, and municipal sectors are discussed.