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From the perspective of value-added trade, this paper divides the virtual water consumption and trade in different provinces of China into five major paths according to the input-output relationship. In 2012 and 2015, most provinces' water resources were implicitly used in the final products to meet the local demand. In addition, the volume of virtual water trade in the complex domestic value chain is greater than that in the traditional domestic trade value chain and the simple domestic trade value chain. In both years, judging from the sum of virtual water trade volumes in the three major value chains, there is virtual water net inflow in Beijing-Tianjin and the northern, eastern and southern coastal areas, and virtual water net outflow in the northeast, central and northwest areas. In the course of this research, the virtual water net outflow turned into net inflow in the southwestern area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beijing is located in a semiarid region, and water shortage is a common problem in the city. Along with the rapid increase in water demand, due to fast socioeconomic development and an increase in population, a shortage of water resources and a deterioration of the water environment have become obstacles to sustainable socioeconomic development in Beijing. In the long run, sustainable water resources management, water conservation, and completion of the south to north water diversion project will solve the problem. This paper introduces the water resources situation in Beijing; analyzes future water demand; and discusses the actions of water saving, nontraditional water resources exploitation, wetland construction, and water environment protection. The paper also explains the importance of the south to north water diversion project and the general layout of the water supply strategy, water distribution system, and methods to efficiently use the diverted water in Beijing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Pipe breaks often occur in water distribution networks, imposing great pressure on utility managers to secure stable water supply. However, pipe breaks are hard to detect by the conventional method. It is therefore necessary to develop reliable and robust pipe break models to assess the pipe''s probability to fail and then to optimize the pipe break detection scheme. In the absence of deterministic physical models for pipe break, data-driven techniques provide a promising approach to investigate the principles underlying pipe break. In this paper, two data-driven techniques, namely Genetic Programming (GP) and Evolutionary Polynomial Regression (EPR) are applied to develop pipe break models for the water distribution system of Beijing City. The comparison with the recorded pipe break data from 1987 to 2005 showed that the models have great capability to obtain reliable predictions. The models can be used to prioritize pipes for break inspection and then improve detection efficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article presents a letter from the editor, which discusses the fifth World Water Congress of the International Water Association, which was held in Beijing, China. Manuscripts submitted to the convention are discussed, which include 183 papers that were selected for publication in five issues of "Water Science and Technology," and three issues of "Water Science and Technology: Water Supply."

This article discusses the Fifth World Water Congress of the International Water Association (IWA) which was held in Beijing, China on 10-14 September 2006 and was attended by around three thousand delegates. More than a hundred papers have been selected for publication in five issues of Water Science and Technology and three issues of Water Science and Technology: Water Supply. A further group of sixty high-quality articles focusing on practitioner-oriented work have been selected and published in IWA Publishing's new online journal Water Practice and Technology (www. Iwaponline. Com/wpt). IWA's World Water Congresses provide water professionals with a forum to meet and discuss key issues of science, engineering, business and policy relating to water and the water environment.

This article discusses the Fifth World Water Congress of the International Water Association (IWA) which was held in Beijing, China on 10-14 September 2006 and was attended by around three thousand delegates. More than a hundred papers have been selected for publication in five issues of Water Science and Technology and three issues of Water Science and Technology: Water Supply. A further group of sixty high-quality articles focusing on practitioner-oriented work have been selected and published in IWA Publishing's new online journal Water Practice and Technology (www. Iwaponline. Com/wpt). IWA's World Water Congresses provide water professionals with a forum to meet and discuss key issues of science, engineering, business and policy relating to water and the water environment.