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A resonant microwave pulse compressor with a waveguide H-plane-tee-based energy extraction unit was studied in terms of its capability to produce output pulses that comprise a low-power long-duration (prepulse) and a high-power short-duration part. The application of such combined pulses with widely variable prepulse and high-power pulse power and energy ratios is of interest in the research area of electronic hardware vulnerability. The characteristics of output radiation pulses are controlled by the variation of the H-plane tee transition attenuation at the stage of microwave energy storage in the compressor cavity. Results of theoretical estimations of the parameters tuning range and experimental investigations of the prototype S-band compressor (1.5 MW, 12 ns output pulse; ∼13.2 dB gain) are presented. The achievable maximum in the prepulse power is found to be about half the power of the primary microwave source. It has been shown that the energy of the prepulse becomes comparable with that of the short-duration (nanosecond) pulse, while the power of the latter decreases insignificantly. The possible range of variation of the prepulse power and energy can be as wide as 40 dB. In the experiments, the prepulse level control within the range of ∼10 dB was demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the results of studying a cascade microwave switch capable of stable operation at the power level of a regular waveguide. The cascade stage is formed by connecting several identical H-joints in the side branch of the tee of a conventional microwave interference switch. The connection distributes the power of the switched wave between the joints and varies the level of the switched power. The method of the scattering matrix is used to analyze the properties of such a switch based on H-joints with different matching levels of the side branch. It is shown that the cascade of sufficiently well-matched joints can decrease the level of the switched power by several times and ensure a higher operating power and a better stability of the switching, while the cascade with coupling worse than a certain boundary value can increase the power of the switched mode by several times and ensure switching of a lower-power mode. The numerical criterion of the coupling quality is found, which divides operation of the switch with increased and decreased switched powers. It is also found that in the switch under consideration, the microwave energy is distributed between the cascade elements in the process of the switching, which can affect greatly both the switching process and the characteristics of the switched mode during the process. The results of the analysis are compared with the experimental data at high and low power levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a superconducting interference switch of a resonance microwave compressor on the basis of a waveguide H-plane tee, whose lateral arm contains a switching cavity having controllable parameters and based on another H-plane tee. The transmission coefficient of the switch is evaluated for the case of controlling the Q-factor and/or resonance frequency of the switching cavity externally. It is shown that the proposed switch can ensure high-efficiency transmission of the stored energy to the load at a minimal value of the controlling parameter (compared with the known solutions). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results of the experimental investigation of the resonant microwave pulse compression system operating in a 10-cm wavelength region are presented. The system contains two multimode resonators for storing high-frequency energy and a waveguide bridge for the fast and synchronous energy extraction. When powered from a magnetron generator having a radiation power of 5 MW and pulse duration of 4 μs, microwave pulses with an output power of ∼0.8 GW, duration of ∼5 ns, and pulse repetition rate up to 100 Hz were obtained in this compression system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results of the experimental study of the interference switch for the H11 mode in a circular 10-cm-wavelength waveguide are presented. The conditions required for efficient microwave discharge switching of the interference switch are determined. The results of the study of the switching process allowed us to design and produce an interference switch with better characteristics than those of rectangular waveguides. It is shown that this switch extracts the stored energy from the microwave compressor cavity more efficiently and improves the amplitude stability of the output pulse radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the results of theoretical analysis of the operation of a waveguide bridge as a device for microwave-energy extraction and the data of experimental studies of 3-cm compressors with energy extraction through the bridge. We determine conditions under which the bridge can be used as an efficient output device capable of doubling the output pulsed power of the compressor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have studied an interference switch based on an oversized H-plane rectangular waveguide T-junction. Conditions necessary for effective operation of the switch as an energy extractor are evaluated. Microwave pulses of 3.5-ns duration with 2.8-MW power at a gain of 17.5 dB have been obtained using a prototype microwave compressor for the 3-cm waveband with a 72 × 34 mm waveguide resonator and a 58 × 25 mm waveguide switch. It is shown that, using the proposed switch, it is possible to obtain RF pulses with a power of up to ∼0.1 GW in the 3-cm band and ∼1 GW in the 10-cm band. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy stored in a resonant cavity was extracted through four output ports and added in phase in a common line. Operation of a single switch provided synchronism and the power portions transmitted through the ports were combined in a waveguide turnstile junction. Estimation shows that the compressor peak power can reach a value eight times as much as the switched wave power, provided the output pulsewidth is shortened by the same factor with reference to the cavity double transit time. The performance of the X-band compressor prototype was investigated. Signals radiated through each of four output ports had identical envelope shapes and equal peak power values. The reflected wave did not accompany the power combining. The pulses of 1.2 MW peak power and 1.6 ns pulse width were obtained when the compressor was driven by the 50 kW pulse power magnetron generator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]