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(1) Numbers of viable weed seeds in the top 15 cm of the soil were determined over a 16-yr period for four adjacent monocrop/herbicide combinations in which both herbicide-treated and untreated plots were hoed and hand-weeded. (2) On all plots there was a progressive decline in the numbers of viable seeds of Aphanes arvensis, Raphanus raphanistrum, Chrysanthemum segetum, Arabidopsis thaliana, Papaver rhoeas, Viola arvensis and Trifolium repens. (3) Changes in the other species reflected opportunities for seed production. After 16 yr the main species in spring cereal (&plusmntri-allate;±MCPA) were Polygonum aviculare, Stellaria media and Poa annua; in maize(± simazine). Solanum nigrum and Urtica urens: in carrots(± linuron), Poa annua and Capsella bursa-pastoris. (4) Herbicides had little qualitative effect on species composition, but in maize and carrots the final populations where herbicides had been used were much lower than on the untreated plots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among ten species of Umbelliferae there were differences both in the times of year at which seedlings emerged and in the extent to which seeds survived in cultivated soil. The main time of emergence of Smyrnium olusatrum was in the autumn of sowing, while that of Anthriscus sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Angelica sylvestries, Conopodium majus and Pastinaca sativa was in the following spring. Few viable seeds of these species remained after a year. Seeds of Sison amonum, Conium maculatum and Torilis japonica survived for longer. Sison amonum had autumn and spring peaks of emergence, while Conium maculatum and Torilis japonica were mainly spring-germinating annual weed Aethusa cynapium occurred in the second or third year, and about one-fifth of the seeds were still viable and dormant after 5 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Deals with a study that determines techniques for estimation of viable weed seeds in soil samples. Methods applied in the study; Effect of different regimes on emergence of weed seedlings from soil samples; Result of the study.

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)