7 results
Search Results
2. Resilience from the ground up: how are local resilience perceptions and global frameworks aligned?
- Author
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Mamadou Touré, John G. McPeak, Yacouba Deme, Daouda Cissé, Bara Gueye, Emilie Beauchamp, Jennifer Abdella, Hannah Patnaik, Susannah Fisher, Aly Bocoum, Papa Koulibaly, and Momath Ndao
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Paper ,Internationality ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Climate Change ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Climate change ,Disaster Planning ,climate adaptation ,Social Welfare ,02 engineering and technology ,Mali ,01 natural sciences ,Proxy (climate) ,Sahel ,Perception ,Humans ,Sociology ,Natural disaster ,resilience ,Environmental planning ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Food security ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,General Social Sciences ,food security ,Resilience, Psychological ,Climate resilience ,Senegal ,subjective indicators ,well‐being ,Papers ,Well-being ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences - Abstract
Numerous resilience measurement frameworks for climate programmes have emerged over the past decade to operationalise the concept and aggregate results within and between programmes. Proxies of resilience, including subjective measures using perception data, have been proposed to measure resilience, but there is limited evidence on their validity and use for policy and practice. This article draws on research on the Decentralising Climate Funds project of the Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Extremes and Disasters programme, which supports communities in Mali and Senegal to improve climate resilience through locally controlled adaptation funds. It explores attributes of resilience from this bottom‐up perspective to assess its predictors and alignment with food security, as a proxy of well‐being. We find different patterns when comparing resilience and the well‐being proxy, illustrating that the interplay between the two is still unclear. Results also point to the importance of contextualising resilience, raising implications for aggregating results.
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- 2019
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3. Mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental HealthWellbeing study
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Ronan E. O'Carroll, Eamonn Ferguson, Seonaid Cleare, Claire L. Niedzwiedz, Heather McClelland, Rory C. O'Connor, Ambrose J. Melson, Daryl B. O'Connor, Kathryn A. Robb, Elizabeth Scowcroft, Karen Wetherall, Billy Watson, Steve Platt, and Tiago C. Zortea
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Paper ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Population ,general population ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Psychiatry ,education ,Suicidal ideation ,Pandemics ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Loneliness ,Mental health ,United Kingdom ,suicidal ideation ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Mental Health ,Well-being ,Communicable Disease Control ,depression ,Anxiety ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
BackgroundThe effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the population's mental health and well-being are likely to be profound and long lasting.AimsTo investigate the trajectory of mental health and well-being during the first 6 weeks of lockdown in adults in the UK.MethodA quota survey design and a sampling frame that permitted recruitment of a national sample was employed. Findings for waves 1 (31 March to 9 April 2020), 2 (10 April to 27 April 2020) and 3 (28 April to 11 May 2020) are reported here. A range of mental health factors was assessed: pre-existing mental health problems, suicide attempts and self-harm, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, defeat, entrapment, mental well-being and loneliness.ResultsA total of 3077 adults in the UK completed the survey at wave 1. Suicidal ideation increased over time. Symptoms of anxiety, and levels of defeat and entrapment decreased across waves whereas levels of depressive symptoms did not change significantly. Positive well-being also increased. Levels of loneliness did not change significantly over waves. Subgroup analyses showed that women, young people (18–29 years), those from more socially disadvantaged backgrounds and those with pre-existing mental health problems have worse mental health outcomes during the pandemic across most factors.ConclusionsThe mental health and well-being of the UK adult population appears to have been affected in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The increasing rates of suicidal thoughts across waves, especially among young adults, are concerning.
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- 2020
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4. Simulation tools for developing policies for complex systems: Modeling the health and safety of refugee communities.
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Anderson, James, Chaturvedi, Alok, and Cibulskis, Mike
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PAPER ,SIMULATION methods & models ,REFUGEES ,IMMIGRANTS ,HUMANITARIAN assistance ,HEALTH ,SAFETY ,GOVERNMENT policy ,WELL-being ,COMMUNITIES - Abstract
The U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants estimated that there were over 33 million refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the world at the beginning of 2005. IDP/Refugee communities behave in complex ways making it difficult to make policy decisions regarding the provision of humanitarian aid and health and safety. This paper reports the construction of an agent-based model that has been used to study humanitarian assistance policies executed by governments and NGOs that provide for the health and safety of refugee communities. Agent-based modeling (ABM) was chosen because the more widely used alternatives impose unrealistic restrictions and assumptions on the system being modeled and primarily apply to aggregate data. We created intelligent agents representing institutions, organizations, individuals, infrastructure, and governments and analyzed the resulting interactions and emergent behavior using a Central Composite Design of Experiments with five factors. The resulting model allows policy makers and analysts to create scenarios, to make rapid changes in parameters, and provides a test bed for concepts and strategies. Policies can be examined to see how refugee communities might respond to alternative courses of action and how these actions are likely to affect the health and well-being of the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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5. Importance of change appraisal for employee well-being during organizational restructuring: findings from the Finnish paper industry's extensive transition
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Ari Väänänen, Pauliina Mattila-Holappa, Anneli Leppänen, Karina Nielsen, Aki Koskinen, and Krista Pahkin
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Paper ,Restructuring ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Change appraisal ,Mechanical engineering ,Production (economics) ,Humans ,Change management ,Baseline (configuration management) ,Finland ,Occupational Health ,Motivation ,Employees ,Transition (fiction) ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Forestry ,Organizational Innovation ,Organizational Policy ,Work (electrical) ,Well-being ,Demographic economics ,Original Article ,sense organs ,Psychology ,Global recession ,Affective well-being - Abstract
The global recession has forced the Finnish forest industry to carry out major restructuring activities. Employees have faced different kinds of restructuring, mainly aimed at reducing staff and production. Many studies have shown the negative consequences of restructuring on employee well-being by using negative, ill-health indicators. Our aim is to examine the extent to which change appraisal influences both the negative and positive aspects of work-related well-being among employees who continue working in the organization after the restructuring process. We also examine the role of different actors (top management, immediate supervisor, employees themselves) in how the change is appraised. The study investigated blue-collar employees working in the Finnish forest industry during a period of extensive transition (2008–2009). All six participating factories underwent restructuring between baseline and the follow-up survey (n=369). After adjustment for gender, age and baseline well-being, negative change appraisal increased the risk of experiencing more stress and less work enjoyment. Negative change appraisals thus also damaged the positive, motivational aspects of employee well-being. The results showed the importance of offering employees the opportunity to participate in the planning of changes related to their work as regards positive change appraisal.
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- 2014
6. Realizing the potential of empowerment: the impact of a feedback intervention on the performance of complex technology
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Paul Jackson, Desmond Leach, and Toby D. Wall
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Paper ,Change over time ,Technology ,Engineering ,Knowledge management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Psychology, Industrial ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Efficiency, Organizational ,Feedback regulation ,Feedback ,Operator (computer programming) ,Intervention (counseling) ,Humans ,Staff Development ,Knowledge dissemination ,Empowerment ,media_common ,business.industry ,Data Collection ,Organizational Innovation ,Self Efficacy ,United Kingdom ,Machine utilization ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Well-being ,Employee Performance Appraisal ,business ,Knowledge of Results, Psychological - Abstract
An empowerment initiative involving enhanced fault-management responsibility for operators of complex technology had not led to expected increases in performance, and investigations suggested that this was due to a lack of appropriate feedback. Thus, a feedback intervention was designed to provide specific, timely feedback on operator-correctable faults. It was hypothesized that the intervention would increase operator self-reliance in operating complex technology and promote system performance. Moreover, given the feedback was continuous from the point of intervention, it was predicted that gains would increase over time. Time series analysis of data on engineer call-outs (self-reliance) and machine utilization (performance) showed clear positive effects of the feedback intervention, with call-outs also showing progressive improvement. Self-report data showed no change over time in motivation, but an increase in knowledge dissemination and a reduction in the likelihood of making expensive mistakes. There were no detrimental effects on operator well being. Implications for theory and practice in the management of complex technology are discussed.
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- 2001
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7. A Comparison of the Standard and the Computerized Versions of the Well-Being Questionnaire (WBQ) and the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ)
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- 1998
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