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The layout scheme of wind farms is a challenging job having many design objectives and constraints due to the multiple wake phenomenon. Wake effect calculation is one of the significant problems in the wind farms and needs to be modeled to decrease the power loss due to near and far wake effect. This paper reviews the wake models in general and far wake models in particular. The comparison of different far wake models shows that the Jensen׳s far wake model is a good choice to solve the wind farm layout problem due to its simplicity and relatively high degree of accuracy. This research also focuses on the studies carried out on wind farm layout optimization problem and the current state of the art of fitness functions used for the optimization of wind farms using Jensen׳s wake model. It is found that there is a need of more optimization techniques to be applied to solve the layout problem. In addition, future advancements have been identified for better positioning of wind turbines in larger wind farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind turbines are the biggest rotating machines on earth, operating in the lowest part of the earth boundary layer. Designing the layout scheme of wind farms is a challenging job to researchers, as there are many design objectives and constraints due to the multiple wake phenomena. This paper proposes an area rotation method to find the optimum dimensions of the wind farm shape, where maximum area could face the free stream velocity. Afterwards, a novel method called Definite Point Selection (DPS) is developed to place the turbines in order to operate at maximum, while providing obligatory space between adjacent turbines for operation safety. This method can be used to identify the zero wake effect points at wind farm. The result from this study shows that the proposed method is more effective to increase the overall power of a wind farm than the previous methods. Also, the power output of the wind farm by using combined area rotation and DPS methods was increased even when using the same number of wind turbines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]