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This paper proposes to use a cognitive-relay technique to mitigate intercell interference (ICI) in cellular systems. In the proposed system, several relay stations (RSs) that are equipped with cognitive radio are deployed near the cell boundary. The base station (BS) and the RS in each cell operate in the same spectrum band as primary and secondary transmitters, respectively. Once an interference-limited mobile station (MS) requests an RS for assistance, the RS senses the spectrum band and accesses a spectrum hole to forward its received signal (and interference) to the MS. At the receiver of the MS, optimum combining is employed to combine the original signal that is received from the BS and the relayed signal to cancel the ICI. The system performance is analyzed in terms of the outage capacity and the average capacity considering the impact of the availability of cognitive-relay channels and the link quality between the RS and the MS. The location and the coverage radius of the RS are designed based on the requirement of the RS-MS link quality. Finally, simulation results are given to validate the theoretical analysis and to show the capacity improvement due to the ICI cancellation with the assistance of cognitive relay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, the total spectral resource is partitioned into multiple orthogonal subcarriers. These subcarriers are assigned to different users for simultaneous transmission in orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA). In an unsynchronized OFDMA uplink, each user has a different carrier frequency offset (CFO) relative to the common uplink receiver, which results in the loss of orthogonality among subcarriers and thereby multiple access interference. Hence, OFDMA is very sensitive to frequency synchronization errors. In this paper, we construct the received signals in frequency domain that would have been received if all users were frequency synchronized. A generalized OFDMA framework for arbitrary subcarrier assignments is proposed. The interference in the generalized OFDMA uplink due to frequency synchronization errors is characterized in a multiuser signal model. Least squares and minimum mean square error criteria are proposed to construct the orthogonal spectral signals from one OFDMA block contaminated with interference that was caused by the CFOs of multiple users. For OFDMA with a large number of subcarriers, a low-complexity implementation of the proposed algorithms is developed based on a banded matrix approximation. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed algorithms improve the system performance significantly and are computationally affordable using the banded system implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the outage probability of a wireless system with conventional beamforming using a uniform linear array beamformer. The focus is to examine the impact of beamforming impairments, such as direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation errors, signal spatial spreads, antenna array perturbation, and mutual coupling. Fading statistics of Rayleigh, Rician, and Nakagami are used to characterize the desired signal, whereas interferers are assumed to be subject to Rayleigh fading. A simplified beamforming model is used in deriving closed-form outage probability expressions. Numerical results illustrate the increase of outage probabilities in the presence of DOA estimation errors, signal spatial spreads, and antenna perturbation. However, negligible outage performance impact is observed due to mutual coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reverse link capacity of a direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system in a multicell environment has been studied recently, and significant capacity improvements due to the use of beamforming have been observed. However, system performance with beamforming will be affected by several impairments, such as direction of arrival estimation errors, array perturbations, mutual coupling, and signal spatial spreads. In this paper, reverse link performance of CDMA systems with beamforming under these impairments (imperfect beamforming) is investigated. A simplified beamforming model is developed to evaluate the system performance in terms of user capacity, bit-error rates (BER), and outage probabilities. Both signal-to-interference-ratio-based power control and strength-based power control are considered in this paper. The capacity and BER degradations due to different impairments are shown, and outage probabilities under different power control schemes are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA), closely spaced multiple subcarriers are assigned to different users for parallel signal transmission. An interleaved subcarrier-assignment scheme is preferred because it provides maximum frequency diversity and increases the capacity in frequency-selective fading channels. The subcarriers are overlapping, but orthogonal to each other such that there is no intercarrier interference (ICI). Carrier-frequency offsets (CFOs) between the transmitter and the receiver destroy the orthogonality and introduces ICI, resulting in multiple-access interference. This paper exploits the inner structure of the signals for CFO estimation in the uplink of interleaved OFDMA systems. A new uplink signal model is presented, and an estimation algorithm based on the signal structure is proposed for estimating the CFOs of all users using only one OFDMA block. Diversity schemes are also presented to improve the estimation performance. Simulation results illustrate the high accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduces a series of articles on quality of service support for wireless communication networks.

Rapid growth and increasing demands for near-ubiquitous high-quality high-data-rate services present the most challenges for wireless system design. As an effective method to provide such services, space-time (ST) coding is gaining more and more attention. This paper extends ST coding, originally designed for known frequency-nonselective fading channels, to unknown frequency-selective channels. A novel scheme is presented to suppress intersymbol interference, coherently demodulate the information symbols with estimated channel state information in an ST transmit diversity wireless time-division multiple-access system that is equipped with multiple antennas at both transmit and receive sides. The proposed algorithm is powerful and computationally efficient. In addition to the discussion of system identifiability, both theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed estimator and receiver in multipath fading channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is of great interest to provide high data rate services in wireless communication systems. In order to support such services, it is desirable to extend space-time (ST) coding, originally proposed for known, frequency-nonselective fading channels, to unknown, multipath channels. In this paper, we consider the problem of interference suppression for wireless TDMA (time division multiple access) systems equipped with multiple transmit antennas and receive antennas in frequency-selective fading channels. A novel scheme with space-time block coding based transmit diversity (STTD) is presented to estimate the multipath channel, coherently demodulate information symbols, and meanwhile suppress radio interference. The proposed scheme is simple to implement and able to mitigate interference of various origins, including intersymbol interference (ISI), cochannel interference (CCI), and others. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed estimator and detector in multipath Rayleigh-fading channels. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]