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The impact of localization systems in our daily lives is increasing. As next-generation networks will introduce hyper-connectivity with emerging applications, this impact will undoubtedly further increase, proliferating the importance of location information's reliability. As society becomes more dependent on this information in terms of products and services, security solutions will have to be enriched to provide countermeasures sufficiently advanced to ever-evolving threats, forcing the joint design of communication and localization systems. This article envisions integrated communication and localization systems by focusing on localization security. Also, conventional and next-generation attacks on localization are discussed along with an efficient attack detection method and a testbed-based demonstration, highlighting the need for effective countermeasures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ubiquity of many different networking options with diversified wireless radio access technologies creates an exciting opportunity to use heterogeneous networks (HetNets) for localization systems. Toward this motivation, in this paper, we propose two different inter-network localization frameworks based on maximum likelihood (ML) estimator for HetNets with multi-connectivity by considering the propagation characteristics of individual network tiers in a realistic manner. The first is inter-network noncooperative (INN) based on the weighted superposition of the location estimates of individual network tiers along with their reliability. The second is inter-network cooperative (INC) grounded on the joint utilization of raw received power measurements from all network tiers. We also derive Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) expressions for both frameworks as a theoretical performance benchmark. Furthermore, we obtain another performance criteria called as spatial quantization error bound to analytically determine the effect of grid search algorithm, which is used for solving the INN and INC ML cost functions, on localization performance. Extensive simulations validate our proposed localization frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]