13 results on '"Rémond, Romain"'
Search Results
2. CT investigation of 3D liquid pathways in the anatomical structure of Norway spruce wood during imbibition.
- Author
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Martin, Benoît, Colin, Julien, Perré, Patrick, Casalinho, Joel, Mounkaila, Mahamadou, Lu, Pin, and Rémond, Romain
- Subjects
NORWAY spruce ,WOOD ,LIQUIDS ,COMPUTED tomography ,TRACHEARY cells ,PERMEABILITY - Abstract
Wood permeability is a macroscopic property resulting from complex pathways at the cellular level. In this study, high-resolution X-ray CT scans were performed during longitudinal imbibition in Norway spruce to investigate the role of wood rays and tracheids network in liquid migration. A customized setup was designed to maintain the bottom face of a wooden cylinder in contact with water, without vibration, despite the sample rotation required during each scan. The results highlighted a contrasted role of latewood and earlywood in water migration. Liquid imbibition was fast in latewood, because the bordered pits are less prone to aspiration than in earlywood, due to their smaller diameter and larger cell wall thickness. In earlywood, the migration pattern was complex due to pit aspiration that isolate tracheids clusters. Indeed, the images revealed a significant contribution of wood rays in the migration pathways. Consequently, tracheids were not progressively filled in the longitudinal direction from one tracheid to the next, but they were filled laterally with water coming from wood rays at different heights of the cells. This explained entrapped air bubbles in the lumens and led to a 3D heterogeneous liquid distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Improving the stability of beech wood with polyester treatment based on malic acid.
- Author
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Chabert, Adèle J., Fredon, Emmanuel, and Rémond, Romain
- Subjects
MALIC acid ,WOOD ,POLYESTERS ,BEECH ,POLYCARBOXYLIC acids ,EUROPEAN beech - Abstract
The improvement of durability and dimensional stability of wood properties via modification of the microstructure and wood–water interaction has been widely utilised. This study investigated polyester treatments, a possible alternative, using environmentally friendly chemicals such as malic acid to improve the beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) properties. The modified properties have been studied with four treatments using malic acid, glycerol, butanediol and succinic anhydride, mixing polycarboxylic acids and polyols. Results showed that the anti-swelling-efficiency (ASE) improved up to 70%, and the bulking coefficient improved around 23%, exhibiting an efficient penetration within the cell walls. The leaching rates (LR) of treatments and the extractables remained low, between 0.05 and 2.4%. The equilibrium moisture content (EMC) decreased by 50% for the four treatments, compared to untreated beech wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Monitoring imbibition dynamics at tissue level in Norway spruce using X-ray imaging.
- Author
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Martin, Benoît, Colin, Julien, Lu, Pin, Mounkaila, Mahamadou, Casalinho, Joel, Perré, Patrick, and Rémond, Romain
- Subjects
X-ray imaging ,NORWAY spruce ,TRACHEARY cells ,TISSUES ,MOISTURE - Abstract
The study of moisture migration in Norway Spruce may reduce the discrepancy between measurements and simulations of transfers in buildings and thus be helpful for improving their performance and durability. For this purpose, X-ray imaging was used to study moisture migration in Norway spruce during imbibition at tissue level. Moisture content kinetics in earlywood and latewood, based on X-ray attenuation, was observed and measured through rigorous protocol. The imbibition process was studied in both longitudinal and radial directions. The results showed an easier migration of liquid in latewood than in earlywood in the longitudinal uptake. In the radial direction, the impact of compression wood as a barrier and the role of the anatomical structure in the liquid migration were highlighted by the direct visualization of filled tracheids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. L'apport des Sciences du Bois à la société et au monde industriel: Actes des 8èmes Journées Scientifiques du GDR 3544 Sciences du Bois
- Author
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Rémond, Romain, Besserer, Arnaud, Fredon, Emmanuel, Gérardin, Philippe, Gril, Joseph, Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), GDR 3544, ERMaB, ENSTIB, Université de Lorraine, and LERMaB, ENSTIB, Université de Lorraine
- Subjects
Bois ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[CHIM]Chemical Sciences ,Timber ,Wood ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience; Le Groupement de Recherche en Sciences du bois (GDR3544 Sciences du Bois) a été créé en 2012 par le CNRS et renouvelé en 2016 pour 5 ans. La mission de ce groupement est : (1) de structurer la recherche sur le bois en France pour lui donner une visibilité nationale, (2) de contribuer au développement de la formation en sciences du bois et (3) de servir de relai aux réseaux internationaux de sciences du bois. Afin de répondre à ces objectifs, des journées scientifiques sont organisées ; elles doivent permettre de partager une culture commune, de promouvoir les travaux des laboratoires membres du GDR Bois, d’échanger sur des enjeux transversaux (relations internationales, formation, partage des ressources). Les trois journées sont ouvertes à tous les chercheurs intéressés par les sciences du bois, français comme étrangers, l'objectif étant d'accueillir un maximum de participants des laboratoires partenaires du GDR Bois et de favoriser la participation des jeunes chercheurs (doctorants ou post-doctorants). Dans l’esprit du GDR Bois, nous souhaitons que tous les chercheurs assistent à l’ensemble des journées annuelles car l’objectif n’est surtout pas de cloisonner les thématiques mais bien au contraire de développer une culture commune en espérant stimuler l’interdisciplinarité et les transferts de savoir-faire et d’outils entre thématiques. Les 7èmes journées annuelles du GDR Bois ont été organisées à Epinal, à l’Ecole Nationale des Technologies et Industries du Bois (ENSTIB) du 18 au 20 novembre 2019, avec le soutien du Laboratoire d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMaB) auquel sont rattachés la plupart des personnels de recherche du site. Cette rencontre annuelle a rassemblé 172 membres provenant de 60 organismes. Elle a permis, au travers des exposés des conférenciers invités, d’évoquer les enjeux actuels de la filière forêt-bois autant que d’illustrer les diverses manières d’aborder l’étude du bois. Les participants ont pu échanger sur leurs travaux grâce aux présentations "flash" appuyées par des posters dont certains ont été primés par le biais d’un vote en ligne. Les actes de ces journées rassemblent les résumés des conférenciers invités (exposés) et ceux des contributions volontaires (posters). Cette année une session supplémentaire intitulée « participants distants » rassemble quelques contributions de participants étrangers n’ayant pu, au dernier moment, se rendre aux Journées du fait de la non-obtention d’un soutien espéré de l’AUF. Les actes sont diffusés sur la plateforme HAL, sous forme de collection « Sciences du bois » qui est destinée à diffuser les travaux des membres du GDR Bois. Des créneaux pour des réunions de groupes de travail (GT) ont été aménagés. Ces GT sont mis en place par les participants aux journées et certains, devenus récurrents, donnent lieu à des réunions thématiques en dehors de ces rencontres annuelles. Cette fois-ci, des ateliers de formation ont également été organisés en parallèle. Des visites d’entreprises ont aussi été proposées.
- Published
- 2019
6. Actes des 8èmes Journées Scientifiques du GDR 3544 Sciences du Bois: L'apport des Sciences du Bois à la société et au monde industriel
- Author
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Rémond, Romain, Besserer, Arnaud, Fredon, Emmanuel, Gérardin, Philippe, Gril, Joseph, Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), GDR 3544, and LERMaB, ENSTIB, Université de Lorraine
- Subjects
Bois ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[CHIM]Chemical Sciences ,Timber ,Wood ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience; Le Groupement de Recherche en Sciences du bois (GDR3544 Sciences du Bois) a été créé en 2012 par le CNRS et renouvelé en 2016 pour 5 ans. La mission de ce groupement est : (1) de structurer la recherche sur le bois en France pour lui donner une visibilité nationale, (2) de contribuer au développement de la formation en sciences du bois et (3) de servir de relai aux réseaux internationaux de sciences du bois. Afin de répondre à ces objectifs, des journées scientifiques sont organisées ; elles doivent permettre de partager une culture commune, de promouvoir les travaux des laboratoires membres du GDR Bois, d’échanger sur des enjeux transversaux (relations internationales, formation, partage des ressources). Les trois journées sont ouvertes à tous les chercheurs intéressés par les sciences du bois, français comme étrangers, l'objectif étant d'accueillir un maximum de participants des laboratoires partenaires du GDR Bois et de favoriser la participation des jeunes chercheurs (doctorants ou post-doctorants). Dans l’esprit du GDR Bois, nous souhaitons que tous les chercheurs assistent à l’ensemble des journées annuelles car l’objectif n’est surtout pas de cloisonner les thématiques mais bien au contraire de développer une culture commune en espérant stimuler l’interdisciplinarité et les transferts de savoir-faire et d’outils entre thématiques. Les 7èmes journées annuelles du GDR Bois ont été organisées à Epinal, à l’Ecole Nationale des Technologies et Industries du Bois (ENSTIB) du 18 au 20 novembre 2019, avec le soutien du Laboratoire d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMaB) auquel sont rattachés la plupart des personnels de recherche du site. Cette rencontre annuelle a rassemblé 172 membres provenant de 60 organismes. Elle a permis, au travers des exposés des conférenciers invités, d’évoquer les enjeux actuels de la filière forêt-bois autant que d’illustrer les diverses manières d’aborder l’étude du bois. Les participants ont pu échanger sur leurs travaux grâce aux présentations "flash" appuyées par des posters dont certains ont été primés par le biais d’un vote en ligne. Les actes de ces journées rassemblent les résumés des conférenciers invités (exposés) et ceux des contributions volontaires (posters). Cette année une session supplémentaire intitulée « participants distants » rassemble quelques contributions de participants étrangers n’ayant pu, au dernier moment, se rendre aux Journées du fait de la non-obtention d’un soutien espéré de l’AUF. Les actes sont diffusés sur la plateforme HAL, sous forme de collection « Sciences du bois » qui est destinée à diffuser les travaux des membres du GDR Bois. Des créneaux pour des réunions de groupes de travail (GT) ont été aménagés. Ces GT sont mis en place par les participants aux journées et certains, devenus récurrents, donnent lieu à des réunions thématiques en dehors de ces rencontres annuelles. Cette fois-ci, des ateliers de formation ont également été organisés en parallèle. Des visites d’entreprises ont aussi été proposées.
- Published
- 2019
7. The gripped-box model: A simple and robust formulation of sorption hysteresis for lignocellulosic materials.
- Author
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Rémond, Romain, Almeida, Giana, and Perré, Patrick
- Subjects
- *
LIGNOCELLULOSE , *HYSTERESIS , *CONSTRUCTION materials , *WHEAT straw , *WATER vapor - Abstract
A new formulation is proposed for describing the moisture sorption hysteresis in lignocellulosic products. This model introduces the concept of gripped-box. This concept allows complex experimental pathways to be fitted with only two adjustable parameters, including the closure of scanning loops without any pumping effect. The product history is embedded in a unique internal variable, which defined the actual window of interest. The formulation proposed in the present work can be easily implemented in existing computational softwares. Based on comprehensive experiments, the model parameters were defined for five lignocellulosic materials largely used in the building construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Experimental and numerical investigation of intermittent drying of timber.
- Author
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Salem, Thouraya, Perré, Patrick, Bouali, Anis, Mougel, Eric, and Rémond, Romain
- Subjects
LUMBER drying ,TIMBER ,OSCILLATIONS ,ENERGY conservation ,MOISTURE in wood ,MATHEMATICAL models - Abstract
Intermittent drying may be of interest in the future to address energy issues. Such drying conditions are also likely to help stress relaxation through mechanosorptive creep. The influence of applying oscillations of temperature and relative humidity during the drying of beech timber on time and drying stresses is discussed in the paper by means of nonsymmetrical and loaded drying. Experimental data were used to validate a numerical model in the case of intermittent drying. The model was then used to perform a numerical investigation of the possibility of using an intermittent energy source to dry wood. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. SORPTION BEHAVIOR OF FOUR TROPICAL WOODS USING A DYNAMIC VAPOR SORPTION STANDARD ANALYSIS SYSTEM.
- Author
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Simo-Tagne, Merlin, Rémond, Romain, Rogaume, Yann, Zoulalian, André, and Bonoma, Béguidé
- Subjects
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TERMINALIA superba , *TRIPLOCHITON , *WOOD , *SORPTION , *MONOMOLECULAR films - Abstract
Sorption behavior of four tropical woods coming from Cameroon is studied using a Dynamic Vapor Sorption-Intrinsic apparatus. Sorption isotherms at 20°C and 40°C of Triplochiton scleroxylon (obeche), Entandrophragma cylindricum (sapele), Sterculia rhinopetala (lotofa) and Terminalia superba (frake also called limba) are compared to those in the literature with methods using saturated salts for lotofa and frake with satisfactory results. Experimental values are fitted using two sorption isotherm models. Sorption hysteresis is greatest in sapele and least in frake. When temperature increases, differences in the hysteresis of sorption among the woods decreases. Hystereses of all studied woods ranged from 0,5 to 3%. Our studied woods have lower equilibrium moisture content probably caused by the higher values of extractives content. The water sorbed molecules on multilayer during both adsorption and desorption at 20°C and 40°C is greater in the case of frake and lower in the case of lotofa. The water sorbed molecules on multilayer of sapele is greater than those of obeche. The predominance of multilayer over monolayer of our woods is from 0,2 to 0,4 relative humidity in adsorption phase, and from 0,3 to 0,4 relative humidity in desorption phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. CHARACTERIZATION OF SORPTION BEHAVIOR AND MASS TRANSFER PROPERTIES OF FOUR CENTRAL AFRICA TROPICAL WOODS: AYOUS, SAPELE, FRAKE, LOTOFA.
- Author
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Simo-Tagne, Merlin, Rémond, Romain, Rogaume, Yann, Zoulalian, André, and Perré, Patrick
- Subjects
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SORPTION , *PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry , *OBECHE , *WOOD , *CONSTRUCTION materials - Abstract
This study provides the sorption isotherm, its hysteresis and their mass transfer properties of four Central Africa Tropical woods widely used for building construction: frake (Terminalia Superba), lotofa (Sterculia Rhinopetala), sapele (Entandrophragma Cylindricum) and ayous (Triplochiton Scleroxylon). Characterization of these four species in particular and Central Africa tropical woods in general were necessary to develop conservation and treatment of wood after first transformation using the drying. Also, moisture transport on wooden material used such as wall buildings can be facilitating to found the thermal comfort. Measurements of isotherms were performed using a dynamic vapor sorption apparatus (Surface Measurement Systems) at 20 and 40°C with air relative humidity ranged from 0% to 90%. Mass diffusivity was determined in steady state using a specific vaporimeter. Air permeability was determined using a specialized device developed to measure over a wide range of permeability values. Permeability and mass transfer properties were determined in the tangential direction with a "false" quartersawn board (sapele and lotofa) and in the radial direction with a flatsawn board (ayous and frake). Samples of sapele, ayous and frake are heartwood when lotofa contains as well as heartwood than sapwood. Results obtained showed that the temperature effect on sorption behavior was quite low. We observed also a low difference between the sorption behavior of these different species and hysteresis of sorption decreases when temperature increases. Hailwood-Horrobin model's explains plausibly the experimental sorption isotherms data. Results on characterization of mass transfer properties showed that, in the steady state, mass diffusivity decreases exponentially when basal density increases. Mass diffusivity was higher in desorption than in adsorption phase. The gaseous permeability of these species was between than those of Australian hardwoods and temperate woods. It was difficult to define a relationship between permeability and mass diffusivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Effect of oscillating drying conditions on variations in the moisture content field inside wood boards.
- Author
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DE LA CRUZ-LEFEVRE, MARIELLA, RÉMOND, ROMAIN, ALÉON, DANIEL, and PERRÉ, PATRICK
- Subjects
LUMBER drying ,MOISTURE measurement ,BEECH ,CREEP (Materials) ,WOOD ,DRYING - Abstract
Wood drying is an essential process in the wood industry. During drying, the stress developed in the boards can produce several defaults such as deformations and cracks. The use of oscillating drying conditions should reduce the drying stresses in boards by activating the mechanosorptive creep. The best way to apply this concept remains an open question in the scientific community. In this paper, the effect of oscillating conditions on variations in moisture content across the board thickness was studied using an analytical model and a numerical code, TransPore. In addition, mechanical consequences of variations in moisture content produced by oscillations were studied by non-symmetrical drying (flying wood) and loaded drying (cantilever beam test). Beech wood, the second most commonly kiln-dried hardwood after oak in France, was chosen for this study owing to its elevated shrinkage coefficient, and hence its elevated risk of drying defaults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Thermo-migration of moisture in Norway spruce assessed by in-situ micro-tomography.
- Author
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Martin, Benoît, Colin, Julien, Casalinho, Joel, Perré, Patrick, and Rémond, Romain
- Subjects
- *
HYGROTHERMOELASTICITY , *NORWAY spruce , *MOISTURE , *VAPOR density , *POROUS materials , *WOOD , *HUMIDITY - Abstract
• Thermo-migration of water in wood investigated by in-situ micro-CT imaging. • An original setup was conceived to maintain the temperature gap during CT scanning. • The analysed scans show the dynamics of moisture migration from hot to cold sides. • Above the FSP point, liquid water appears close to the cold side as localized spots. • Simulations prove that the vapor density gradient is the relevant driving force. Wood used as a building material is exposed to non-isothermal and unsteady state conditions involving coupled heat and mass transfer within the porous media. These exchanges contribute to the regulation of relative humidity in a passive way and influence the energy performance of buildings. In order to characterize the importance of the hygrothermal behaviour of softwoods in this context, an experimental setup was developed to access to moisture fluxes and/or moisture content profiles in the presence of a known temperature difference imposed on both sides of the wood sample. This original setup was conceived to maintain the temperature gap during micro-tomography acquisition. Image processing allows the moisture content profiles to be obtained over time after changes of the thermal gradient. The simulation using a computational model of coupled heat and mass transfer confirmed that the gradient of vapor density is a relevant unique, "synthetic", driving force to account for moisture migration in non-isothermal conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Probabilistic multi-objective optimization of wood torrefaction conditions using a validated mechanistic model.
- Author
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Florez, Daniela, Stéphan, Antoine, Perré, Patrick, and Rémond, Romain
- Subjects
- *
WOOD , *EXOTHERMIC reactions , *TEMPERATURE control , *WATER vapor , *DISTRIBUTION isotherms (Chromatography) , *HEAT treatment - Abstract
• Beech wood torrefaction at different conditions using comprehensive instrumentation. • Heat treatment heterogeneity can be assessed by water vapour sorption measurements. • The data-set allowed a complete computational code to be validated. • Torrefaction schedule should be adapted to the particle size and its initial MC. • Treatment conditions meeting users' expectations found by probabilistic optimization. This paper uses a comprehensive computational model to propose optimal wood torrefaction conditions by probabilistic optimization. Its main outcome is to propose tailor-made heat treatment conditions (temperature levels-duration of mild pyrolysis at temperature levels ranging from 200 to 300 °C) to meet users' expectations in terms of overall mass loss, duration and homogeneity of treatment. To this purpose, beech wood boards were torrefied with a usual 3-steps treatment schedule (drying, heating and cooling) under contrasting configurations in a well-instrumented device. The heterogeneity of the treatment within the wood sample was assessed through X-ray attenuation profile and water vapour sorption isotherm. These results allowed the model to be validated. In particular, it predicts the evolution of the mass loss and internal temperatures with good accuracy, including the temperature overshot. The results highlight the need to adjust the heat treatment schedule to each input parameter such as the wood piece dimensions and its initial moisture content or density, in order to limit the effect of exothermic reactions. The torrefaction model was then embedded in a probabilistic optimization process. A case study demonstrates the ability of the model to propose an alternative 3-steps treatment schedule able to reach the target mass loss while controlling the temperature overshot within the wood piece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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