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A series of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) compositions of (1–x)Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3‐xBaTiO3 (x = 0.05, 0.055, 0.06, 0.065, 0.07), with and without 0.5 mol% Zn‐doping was synthesized using the solid‐state route. The samples were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, dielectric analysis, and electromechanical measurements (piezoelectric d33 coefficient, coupling factor kp, mechanical quality factor Qm, and internal bias field Ebias). The increase in the ferroelectric‐relaxor transition temperature upon Zn‐doping was accompanied by a shift of the MPB toward the Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3‐rich side of the phase diagram. Higher tetragonal phase fraction and increased tetragonal distortion were noted for Zn‐doped (1 – x)Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3‐xBaTiO3. In addition, ferroelectric hardening and the presence of an internal bias field (Ebias) were observed for all doped compositions. The piezoelectric constant d33 and the coupling coefficient kp decreased by up to ∼30%, while a 4‐ to 6‐fold increase in Qm was observed for the doped compositions. Apart from establishing a structure–property correlation, these results highlight the chemically induced shift of the phase diagram upon doping, which is a crucial factor in material selection for optimal performance and commercialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) compositions of (1–x)Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3‐xBaTiO3 (x = 0.05, 0.055, 0.06, 0.065, 0.07), with and without 0.5 mol% Zn‐doping was synthesized using the solid‐state route. The samples were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, dielectric analysis, and electromechanical measurements (piezoelectric d33 coefficient, coupling factor kp, mechanical quality factor Qm, and internal bias field Ebias). The increase in the ferroelectric‐relaxor transition temperature upon Zn‐doping was accompanied by a shift of the MPB toward the Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3‐rich side of the phase diagram. Higher tetragonal phase fraction and increased tetragonal distortion were noted for Zn‐doped (1 – x)Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3‐xBaTiO3. In addition, ferroelectric hardening and the presence of an internal bias field (Ebias) were observed for all doped compositions. The piezoelectric constant d33 and the coupling coefficient kp decreased by up to ∼30%, while a 4‐ to 6‐fold increase in Qm was observed for the doped compositions. Apart from establishing a structure–property correlation, these results highlight the chemically induced shift of the phase diagram upon doping, which is a crucial factor in material selection for optimal performance and commercialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lattice strain and domain switching behavior of xBiScO3-(1-x)PbTiO3 (x=0.40) was investigated as a function of cyclic field and grain orientation by in situ X-ray diffraction during application of electric fields. The electric field induced 200 lattice strain was measured to be five times larger than the 111 lattice strain in pseudorhombohedral xBiScO3-(1-x)PbTiO3 (x=0.40). It is shown that the anomalous 200 lattice strain is not an intrinsic phenomenon, but arises primarily due to stress associated with the reorientation of the 111 domains in dense polycrystalline ceramic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temperature dependent X-ray powder diffraction and dielectric studies have been carried out on tetragonal compositions of (1− x) PbTiO3-( x) BiMeO3; Me = Sc and Zn1/2 Ti1/2. The cubic and the tetragonal phases coexist over more than 100°C for 0.70 PbTiO3-0.3 Bi( Zn1/2 Ti1/2) O3 and 0.66 PbTiO3-0.34 BiScO3. The wide temperature range of phase coexistence is shown to be an intrinsic feature of the system, and is attributed to the increase in the degree of the covalent character of the ( Pb + Bi)- O bond with increasing concentration of Bi at the Pb-site. The d-values of the {111} planes of the coexisting phases are nearly identical, suggesting this plane to be the invariant plane for the martensitic type cubic-tetragonal transformation occurring in these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temperature dependent X-ray powder diffraction and dielectric studies have been carried out on tetragonal compositions of (1− x) PbTiO3-( x) BiMeO3; Me = Sc and Zn1/2 Ti1/2. The cubic and the tetragonal phases coexist over more than 100°C for 0.70 PbTiO3-0.3 Bi( Zn1/2 Ti1/2) O3 and 0.66 PbTiO3-0.34 BiScO3. The wide temperature range of phase coexistence is shown to be an intrinsic feature of the system, and is attributed to the increase in the degree of the covalent character of the ( Pb + Bi)- O bond with increasing concentration of Bi at the Pb-site. The d-values of the {111} planes of the coexisting phases are nearly identical, suggesting this plane to be the invariant plane for the martensitic type cubic-tetragonal transformation occurring in these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]