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Vibsatins A (1) andB (2), a pair of14,15,16,17-tetranorvibsane-type diterpenoids that feature a bicyclo[4.2.1]nonanemoiety formed by a new C-13/C-2 bond, were isolated from the twigsand leaves of Viburnum tinuscv. variegatus. Thestructures and absolute configurations were elucidated by a combinationof NMR spectra, optical rotation, and X-ray diffraction experiments.A possible biogenetic pathway is also proposed. Moreover, vibsatinA (1) enhanced the neurite outgrowth of NGF-mediatedPC12 cells at a concentration of 10 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salvifarinin A ( 1 ), a rearrangement product of Languidulane-type clerodane diterpenoids with a 6/5/7 tricyclic ring skeleton fused with γ -lactone ring and furan ring, and two new biogenetically related diterpernoids, salvifarinins B ( 2 ) and C ( 3 ), were isolated from the aerial parts of Salvia farinacea . The absolute configuration of 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, and confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction and bio-inspired semisynthesis. The plausible biogenetic pathway was also proposed. Compound 2 displayed a potent effect on reducing hepatic steatosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten new neo -clerodane derivatives ( 1 – 10 ) and 10 known diterpenoids were identified from the aerial parts of Salvia leucantha . The structures of 1 – 10 were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data analysis. The absolute configurations of 1 , 3 , 6 , and 7 were determined by X-ray diffraction data. Compound 16 exhibited cytotoxicity against HCT116, BT474, and HepG2 cancer cell lines and was identified as a heat shock protein 90 inhibitor. Compounds 8 , 15 , and 16 exhibited moderate acetyl cholinesterase inhibitory activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(+)-Salviaprione and (−)-salviaprione, a pair of unprecedented abietane-type diterpeniods having an unprecedented 5/6/6 tricyclic ring system with a unique five membered ring A formed by a new C-2/C-11 bond, were isolated from the whole plant of Salvia prionitis . The enantiomeric separation was achieved by HPLC on a chiral column. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra, X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD). The possible biogenesis for (±)-salviaprione was also postulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Eleven new acylphloroglucinols were isolated from the fruits of Eucalyptus robusta. • Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis. • 6 , 8 , 10 , and 11 were potent AChE inhibitors with IC 50 values of 3.22, 3.82, and 2.55 μΜ, respectively. • Possible interaction sites of 6 , 8 , 10 , and 11 with AChE were investigated by molecular docking. Eleven new acylphloroglucinols, including six new formylated phloroglucinol-monoterpene meroterpenoids, eucalyprobusals A–F (1 – 6), one monomeric acylphloroglucinol, eucalyprobusone B (7), and four dimeric acylphloroglucinols, eucalyprobusones C–F (8 – 11) were purified from the fruits of Eucalyptus robusta. The establishment of the structures of 1 – 11 was achieved by a combination of NMR and HRESIMS data analyses, electron circular dichroism (ECD), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 6 , 8 , and an inseparable mixture of 10 and 11 were found to be potent AChE inhibitors with IC 50 values of 3.22 ± 0.36, 3.82 ± 0.22, and 2.55 ± 0.28 μΜ, respectively. Possible interaction sites of 6 , 8 , 10 , and 11 with AChE were investigated by means of molecular docking studies, and the results revealed that AChE residues Asn87, Ser125, Thr83, Tyr133, Tyr124, Tyr337, and Tyr341 played crucial roles in the observed activity of the aforementioned compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation on 70% aqueous acetone extracts of the twigs and leaves of Horsfieldia kingii led to the isolation of two novel cyclic diarylpropanes (1 and 2) bearing a 2,3-dihydro-1 H -indene core, one new diarylpropane (3), six known diarylpropanes (4 – 9), one flavanol (10), and seven lignans (11 – 17). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis, electronic circular dichroism calculations, and X-ray diffraction crystallography. Moreover, a biomimetic synthesis of 1 and 2 were accomplished in four steps. The in vitro nitric oxide production inhibition tests of these compounds revealed that compounds (±)- 2 , (+)- 2 , (−)- 2 , and 10 were potential with IC 50 values lower than 10 μ M. Compound 2 could inhibit iNOS expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells at a series of non-cytotoxic concentrations (<20 μ M). Furthermore, the bioassay results also suggested the primary SARs of 1-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1 H -indene based scaffold. Image 1 • 17 compounds were isolated from Horsfieldia Kingii. • Horsfielenides C (1) and D (2) were novel cyclic diarylpropanes bearing a 2,3-dihydro-1 H -indene core. • A biomimetic synthesis of 1 and 2 were accomplished in four steps. • Horsfielenide D (2) was the most potential compound to inhibit NO production with IC 50 value of 4.40 ± 0.69 μ M. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]