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Phase relations in the Cu–Ge–Ti ternary system have been studied through alloy sampling using electron probe microscopy (EPMA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. A new ternary phase, τ 1 , was detected at 923 K. In light of the characterized phases in the annealed alloys, isothermal sections of the Cu–Ge–Ti system were constructed, which consist of 20 and 15 three-phase regions at 923 and 1073 K, respectively. In addition, the third element has limited solubility in binary compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase relations in the Ge–Ni–Ti ternary system have been studied through alloy sampling assisted with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The binary phase GeTi 3 was confirmed to exist stably at 973 K and two new ternary phases, τ 1 and τ 2 , were detected, of which only τ 1 can be stable up to 1073 K. In light of the characterized phases in the annealed alloys, isothermal sections of the Ge–Ni–Ti system were constructed, which consist of 22 and 21 three-phase regions at 973 and 1073 K, respectively. In addition, Ti can substitute for about 14 at.% Ge in β(Ge,Ti)Ni 3 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase equilibria in the Fe–Sn–Ti ternary system at 1073 and 1273 K were experimentally investigated through alloy sampling approach facilitated with electron probe micro-analyzer and X-ray diffraction. Two ternary compounds TiFe 2 Sn and Ti 2 FeSn were detected. Ten 3-phase equilibria at 1073 K, including β(Ti)+Ti 3 Sn+FeTi, Ti 3 Sn+FeTi+Ti 5 Sn 3 , FeTi+Ti 5 Sn 3 +Ti 2 FeSn, Ti 2 FeSn+Fe 2 Ti+TiFe 2 Sn, Ti 2 FeSn+Ti 5 Sn 3 +Ti 6 Sn 5 , FeTi+Fe 2 Ti+Ti 2 FeSn, Ti 2 FeSn+Ti 6 Sn 5 +TiFe 2 Sn, TiFe 2 Sn+Ti 6 Sn 5 +Liquid, TiFe 2 Sn+Fe 5 Sn 3 +Liquid and α(Fe)+Fe 2 Ti+TiFe 2 Sn, and seven 3-phase equilibria including β(Ti)+Ti 3 Sn+FeTi, Ti 3 Sn+FeTi+Ti 5 Sn 3 , Ti 3 Sn+Ti 2 Sn+Ti 5 Sn 3 , FeTi+Fe 2 Ti+Ti 5 Sn 3 , Fe 2 Ti+Ti 2 FeSn+Ti 5 Sn 3 , Ti 2 FeSn+Fe 2 Ti+TiFe 2 Sn and Ti 2 FeSn+Ti 6 Sn 5 +TiFe 2 Sn at 1273 K were experimentally confirmed. At 1073 K, the homogeneity ranges of Ti 2 FeSn were 45.5–51.4 at% Ti and 24–27.7 at.% Sn while TiFe 2 Sn exhibited a large homogeneity range of 46.9–66.4 at% Fe and 22.7–26.4 at% Sn, the solubility of Sn in Fe 2 Ti,Fe in Ti 5 Sn 3 , Ti in Fe 5 Sn 3 and Fe in Ti 6 Sn 5 can be up to 4.6 at.%, 10.2 at%, 3.7 at% and 21 at%, respectively, while at 1273 K, Solubility of Sn in Fe 2 Ti considerably increased to 10.8 at%, Fe in Ti 5 Sn 3 changes little. According to the measured phase relations, an invariant reaction was further deduced, which was Fe 2 Ti+Ti 5 Sn 3 ↔FeTi+Ti 2 FeSn occurring between 1073 K and 1123 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]