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The isothermal section of the La–Co–Ni ternary system at 723 K has been constructed in this work by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersion spectroscopy techniques (SEM-EDS). The experimental results show no existence of ternary compounds at 723 K. The isothermal section consists of 16 two-phase regions and 8 three-phase regions. La3Co and La3Ni, La2Co3 and La2Ni3, La2Co7 and La2Ni7, and LaCo5 and LaNi5 form a continuous solid solution. The ternary solid solubility of Ni in LaCo13 phase and La2Co1.7 phase was determined to be 15.61 at.% and 9.61 at.%, respectively. The solid solubility of Co in the LaNi3, La7Ni3, and LaNi phases was 18.07 at.%, 5.62 at.%, and 8.49 at.%, respectively. The present experimental results are important for the design of La(Fe,Si)13-based magnetic refrigeration materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnetic properties of (Pr1−xSmx)2Fe14B melt-spun ribbons with varying x from 0 to 1.0 have been studied. The optimum magnetic property of Pr2Fe14B ribbon could be obtained with the surface velocity of copper wheel of 30 m/s. By melt spinning method, the formation of α-Fe impurity phase in the (Pr1−xSmx)2Fe14B samples could be inhibited, and the grain could be aligned. Sm element could be incorporated into Pr2Fe14B main crystalline phase and formed (Pr,Sm)2Fe14B phase with space group P42/mnm. The Curie temperature (Tc) of the (Pr1−xSmx)2Fe14B ribbons increases gradually from 555 to 617 K with the increase of Sm content x. Both the coercivity (Hc) and remanence ratio (Mr/Ms) decrease firstly and then increase with the Sm content increasing. As long as the Sm content x does not exceed 0.1, the squareness of demagnetization curve remains good. The critical value of transition from easy c-axis to easy plane for (Pr1−xSmx)2Fe14B ribbons is x= 0.6. When the Sm content x is up to 0.6, all the Hc and Mr/Ms achieved the minimum value, i.e., 243 Oe and 0.346, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the effect of Ni content on microwave absorption of NdCo alloy. The NdCoNi ( X = 0.0, 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, 1.4) powders were prepared by arc smelting and high energy ball milling method. The structure and morphology of the powder were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electromagnetic parameters of the powder were measured by vector network analyzer (VNA) at room temperature. The XRD results indicate that the prepared powder maintain the NdCo phase. The minimum reflectivity value frequency shifts towards the lower frequency with the increase of Ni content. The minimum reflectivity value of NdCoNi alloy reaches about −26.6 dB at 2.9 GHz with the matching thickness of 2.2 mm. And the milled powder was tempered ranging of 50-200 °C for 1 h. The minimum reflectivity frequency shifts to higher frequency region compared to the powder without heat treatment. The absorbing frequency bandwidth increases with the tempering treatment increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase relationships in the La–Ni–Si ternary system at 673 K were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). All phase relationships were studied at 673 K. At this temperature, the existence of 14 ternary compounds has been confirmed. This section consists of 35 single-phase regions, 78 two-phase regions, and 47 three-phase regions. At 673 K, the maximum solid solubility of Si in Ni, La2Ni7, LaNi5, and La2NiSi is about 9, 3, 8.33, and 5 at.%, respectively. Several ternary compounds form a homogeneity region which can be expressed as LaNi11.6–9.5Si1.4–3.5, LaNi8.8–8.4Si4.2–4.6, and LaNi7.8–6.5Si5.2–6.5. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal section of the Dy–Co–Cr ternary system at 500°C was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), metallography and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The isothermal section consists of 11 single-phase regions, 20 two-phase regions and 10 three-phase regions. The only ternary compound DyCo12−x Cr x (space group I4/mmm) with ThMn12-type structure was confirmed in this system. The homogeneity range in DyCO12−x Cr x was found to be about x =3.6–4.4. The lattice parameters for DyCO12−x Cr x with 3.6≤ x ≤4.4 are a =0.8312–0.8334nm and c =0.4706–0.4722nm. The maximum solid solubilities of Cr in Dy2Co17, DyCo3 and DyCo2 are about 16.0, 5.0 and 17.0at.%, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal section of the phase diagram of the Tb–Fe–V ternary system at 700°C was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. It consists of 8 single-phase regions, 15 two-phase regions and 8 three-phase regions. The ternary compound TbFe12−x V x (1.8≤ x ≤3.0, space group I4/mmm) with ThMn12-type structure was confirmed in this system. The solid solubilities of V in Fe, Tb2Fe17 and TbFe2 is about 22.0, 2.5 and 3.3at.%, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Phase equilibria in the Dy–Fe–Cr system were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques and the isothermal section at 773K was obtained. It consists of 8 single-phase regions, 14 two-phase regions and 7 three-phase regions. The existence of the compound DyFe12−x Cr x (1.6≤ x ≤3.0, space group I4/mmm) with ThMn12-type structure was confirmed. The maximum solid solubility of Cr in Fe, Dy2Fe17, Dy6Fe23, DyFe3 and DyFe2 is about 15, 13, 6, 5 and 16at.%, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal section of the phase diagram of the ternary system Y–Mg–Ni (Ni≥50%) was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The isothermal section consists of 13 single-phase regions, 25 two-phase regions and 13 three-phase regions. At 673K, the existence of two ternary compounds YMgNi4 (space group , a =7.1853nm) and YMg2Ni9 (space group , a =4.8666(5)nm, c =23.7733(5)nm) were confirmed. No other ternary compound was found and no solid solubility was observed in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) with a high theoretical capacity is considered as a promising candidate for Na-ion batteries (NIBs) and K-ion batteries (KIBs). However, its poor electrochemical activity and structural stability are the main issues to be solved. Herein, amorphous Sb2S3 nanospheres/carbon nanotube (Sb2S3/CNT) nanocomposites are successfully synthesized via one step self-assembly method. In-situ growth of amorphous Sb2S3 nanospheres on the CNTs is confirmed by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The amorphous Sb2S3/CNT nanocomposites as an anode for NIBs exhibit excellent electrochemical performance, delivering a high charge capacity of 870 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1, with an initial coulomb efficiency of 77.8%. Even at 3000 mA g−1, a charge capacity of 474 mA h g−1 can be achieved. As an anode for KIBs, the amorphous Sb2S3/CNT nanocomposites also demonstrate a high charge capacity of 451 mA h g−1 at 25 mA g−1. The remarkable performance of the amorphous Sb2S3/CNT nanocomposites is attributed to the synergic effects of the amorphous Sb2S3 nanospheres and 3D porous conductive network constructed by the CNTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase relations in the Nd–Al–Ti ternary system at 500 °C were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The existence of two ternary compounds NdTi2Al20 and Nd6Ti4Al43 were confirmed. The isothermal section of this ternary system consists of 15 single-phase regions, 29 two-phase regions, and 15 three-phase regions. At 500 °C, the maximum solid solubilities of Ti in Nd3Al, Nd2Al, and NdAl2 is about 2.4, 3.5, and 16.1 at.%, respectively, and that of Nd in Ti, Ti3Al, TiAl is less than 1 at.%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Porous LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids with a solid-core@void@porous-shell configuration are synthesized by a facile self-template method. The structure and morphology of the microellipsoids are characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) techniques. The electrochemical properties are investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and charge–discharge testing methods. Porous core–shell microellipsoids exhibit excellent rate capability and cycling performance as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries. At a high rate of 10 C, LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids maintain 70% of the discharge capacity obtained at 1 C rate. The capacity retains 90.1% after 400 cycles at a discharge rate of 5 C at room temperature. LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids also show good cycling performance with the capacity retention of 77.1% after 200 cycles under 5 C rate at elevated temperature (55 °C). A high chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium ion in LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids is determined by cyclic voltammetry method, suggesting the fast Li-ion intercalation kinetics and excellent high-rate performance. Porous LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids could be a competitive cathode material for high-performance Li-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Phase equilibria were established in the Dy–Co–V ternary system at 773K by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result shows that the isothermal section consists of 13 single-phase regions, 23 two-phase regions and 12 three-phase regions. The maximum solid solubilities of V in (Co), Dy2Co17, DyCo3, DyCo2, Dy12Co7 and Dy3Co are about 6.5, 10.0, 2.0, 6.3, 1.5 and 5.0at.% V, respectively. It is found that there is some homogeneity range in the only ternary compound of DyCo12−x V x with x = 1.6–3.8 at 773K. There is no solubility of V in Dy2Co7 observed at 773k. The binary compounds Dy4Co3 and DyCo5 are not observed at 773K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The phase equilibria of the La–Fe–Si system were investigated using a combination of experimental and thermodynamic modeling methods. The isothermal cross-section of the La–Fe–Si ternary system in the (Fe, Si)-rich region at 1373 K was experimentally investigated using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on the experimental results and literature reports of the La–Fe–Si system, the thermodynamic model parameters of the system were optimized using the CALPHAD method. The intermediate compounds in the La–Si binary system and ternary compounds in the La–Fe–Si ternary system were described via sublattice models. The calculated thermodynamic and phase equilibria data were in good agreement with the experimental data, providing a foundation for the development of a multi-component thermodynamic database for LaFeSi-based alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, the phase equilibria of the Cr-Nb-Ru system at 1100 ℃ were investigated via a combination of diffusion triple and equilibrated alloys. The samples were examined by means of X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. The isothermal section of the Cr-Nb-Ru ternary system at 1100 ℃ was constructed, which consists of 11 single-phase regions, 19 two-phase regions, and 9 three-phase regions. One new ternary compound τ was discovered. The homogeneity ranges for the phases in this system are established. Three miscibility gaps were observed, corresponding to Cr solid dissolved in HCP(Ru), Nb solid dissolved in HCP(Ru) and Ru solid dissolved in BCC(Cr)，respectively. The miscibility gap of Nb and Cr solid dissolved in HCP(Ru) go through each other. • The isothermal section of the Cr-Nb-Ru ternary system was constructed at 1100 ℃. • One new ternary compound was discovered. • Three miscibility gaps were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The phase equilibria of the Gd–Ni–V system at 773K were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The experimental results show no existence of ternary compounds at 773K. The existence of 14 single-phase regions, 25 two-phase regions and 12 three-phase regions was determined. The maximum solubility of V in (Ni), Gd2Ni17, GdNi5 and GdNi2 was measured to be about 16at.%, 2at.%, 3at.% and 2.5at.%, respectively, while that of Gd in (Ni), Ni3V, Ni2V, Ni2V3, NiV3 and (V) was less than 1at.%. An isothermal section of the Gd–Ni–V system at 773K has been presented according to the present work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal sections of the Nd–Mg–Ni ternary phase diagram at 1123 and 673K (Ni-rich part) were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal analysis. The 1123K isothermal section consists of 8 single-phase regions, 14 two-phase regions and 7 three-phase regions. The 673K isothermal section consists of 11 single-phase regions, 21 two-phase regions, and 11 three-phase regions. In addition, the existence of two ternary compounds NdMg2Ni9 and NdMgNi4 has been confirmed, and the Nd2MgNi9, Nd5Mg2Ni23 and Nd3MgNi14 compounds do not exist at 1123 and 673K isothermal sections. No solid solubility was observed in our work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The 673 and 1123K isothermal sections (partial) of the phase diagram of the Ce–Me–Ni ternary system were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The (Ce-poor part) 673K isothermal section consists of 11 single-phase regions, 21 two-phase regions and 11 three-phase regions. The (Ni-rich part) 1123K isothermal section consists of 8 single-phase regions, 14 two-phase regions and 7 three-phrase regions. No apparent solid solubility was detected in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Through arc smelting and high energy ball milling method to synthesized the powders of La x Nd 2- x Fe 17 ( x =0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6). By x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser particle analyzer (LPS) to study the structural, morphology, particle size distribution of the powders, respectively. The electromagnetic parameters and saturation magnetization of the powers were measured by a vector network analyzer (VNA) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. The saturation magnetization decreases with the La increasing. The minimum absorption peak frequency shifts towards a lower frequency region with an increase of La concentration. The microwave absorbing properties of the composite with different ratios of La 0.2 Nd 1.8 Fe 17 /Ni were studied. The microwave absorbing peaks of the composite shift to higher frequencies, and the microwave absorbing properties improved with the Ni content increase to 20%. The minimum reflection loss is −32.5 dB at 9.8 GHz and the bandwidth less than −10 dB (Microwave absorption rate 90%) reaches 3 GHz with a thickness of 1.8 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The binary Ce–Cu system has been re-investigated via the selected eighteen key alloys by means of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis techniques. Five intermetallic compounds, Cu6Ce, Cu5Ce, Cu4Ce, Cu2Ce, and CuCe, have been confirmed. Cu6Ce and Cu2Ce melt congruently at 947°C and 810°C, respectively. Cu5Ce, Cu4Ce, and CuCe are formed through peritectic reactions, L+Cu6Ce↔Cu5Ce at 799°C, L+Cu5Ce↔Cu4Ce at 792°C, and L+Cu2Ce↔CuCe at 492°C, respectively. Three eutectic reactions, L↔(Cu)+Cu6Ce at 879°C, L↔Cu4Ce+Cu2Ce at 753°C, and L↔CuCe+(γCe) at 407°C, have been observed. One catatectic reaction, (δCe)↔L+(γCe) at 702°C, was determined. According to the present experimental results, the Ce–Cu phase diagram is revised. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A series of REMgNi4 (RE=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Y), La1−x Nd x MgNi4 (x =0.1–1.0) and LaMgNi4−y (y =0.1–0.4) compounds have been prepared and characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD). The lattice constant (a) and cell volume (V) of the REMgNi4 phase in these compounds were calculated with Si as the internal standard at 298 K. These results indicate that an apparent translation from the LaMgNi4 phase to the NdMgNi4 phase was observed with an increase of x from 0.1 to 1.0 in single-phase La1−x Nd x MgNi4 compounds, while non-stoichiometric LaMgNi4−y (y =0.1–0.4) compounds maintain their original single-phase structure, though the increase of the lattice constant (a) of the LaMgNi4 phase has been observed with an increase of y. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The phase relationships in the La–Ni–Sn ternary system at 673 K have been investigated by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Most of this ternary system was studied at 673 K. At this temperature, a new ternary compound whose atomic ratio is close to La/Ni/Sn=1:1:3 has been found. The existences of 15 binary compounds La7Ni3, LaNi, La2Ni3, La7Ni16, LaNi3, La2Ni7, LaNi5, Ni3Sn, Ni3Sn2, Ni3Sn4, La5Sn3, La5Sn4, LaSn, La3Sn5, LaSn3 and seven other ternary compounds LaNi5Sn, LaNi4Sn2, LaNi2Sn2, La3Ni2Sn6, La3Ni2Sn7, La3Ni8Sn16, LaNiSn have been confirmed too. There are 31 three-phase regions in the 673 K isothermal section. Due to the lower melting point of Sn (about 504 K), a small part of the ternary system that lies in the Sn-rich part was studied at 483 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal section of the phase diagram of the ternary system Y–Ni–V at 773K was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. It consists of 16 single-phase regions, 29 two-phase regions and 14 three-phase regions. At 773K, the maximum solid solubility of V in Ni, Y2Ni17, YNi5, Y2Ni7, YNi3, and YNi2, is about 17, 1, 2, 2, 2 and 2 at.%, while Y in Ni, Ni3V, Ni2V, Ni2V3, NiV3 and V does not exceed 1 at.%. No ternary compound has been observed in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The 773K isothermal section of the phase diagram of Nd–Ni–V ternary system was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. There are in total 14 single-phase regions, 25 two-phase regions and 12 three-phase regions in the 773K isothermal section. The maximum solid solubilities of V in Ni, NdNi5, Nd2Ni7 and NdNi2, is about 16.5at.% V, 2.0at.% V, 1.0at.% V and 3.0at.% V at 773K, respectively, and that of Nd in Ni, Ni3V, Ni2V, Ni2V3, NiV3 and V does not exceed 1at.% Nd. No ternary compounds have been observed in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the present work, the phase equilibria of the Nb-Ni-Ru system at 1100 °C were investigated via a combination of triple diffusion and equilibrated alloys. The samples were examined by X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. Three new ternary compounds, namely, τ 1 (Nb 5 Ni 13 Ru 2), τ 2 (Nb(Ni 1-x Ru x) 3 , 0.17 ≤ x ≤ 0.32) and τ 3 (Nb(Ni 1-x Ru x) 3 , 0.34 ≤ x ≤ 0.67), were discovered. The isothermal section of the Nb-Ni-Ru ternary system at 1100 °C consists of 10 single-phase regions, 20 two-phase regions, and 11 three-phase regions. The homogeneity ranges for phases in this system were established. In addition, the phases of the Nb-Ru binary system at 1100 °C were discussed, and the existence of compounds NbRu and NbRu 2 was confirmed. The NbRu 3 phase was not identified, but it should be the solid solution of Nb in Ru. Image 1 • The isothermal section of the Nb-Ni-Ru ternary system was constructed at 1100 °C. • Three new ternary compounds were discovered. • The homogeneity ranges for the phases in this system were established. • The phases of Nb-Ru binary system was discussed at 1100 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]