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The Extensible Modeling and Simulation Framework (XMSF) is defined as a composable set of standards, profiles and recommended practices for web-based modeling and simulation. Markup languages based on XML, Internet technologies, and Web services are combining to enable a new generation of distributed M&S applications to emerge, develop and interoperate. The purpose of this task is to develop the technical framework, coordinate with existing public standardization efforts, and demonstrate distributed exemplars of the developed framework. This report describes work accomplished in 2004 by the XMSF project team consisting of Naval Postgraduate School Modeling, Virtual Environments, and Simulation (MOVES) Institute, George Mason University (GMU), Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), and Old Dominion University/Virginia Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation Center (ODU/VMASC). Principal areas of work included ongoing community education and development activities through conference and workshop participation, liaison with relevant standards organizations, and development of exemplar applications demonstrating the technical approaches and applicable standards relevant to XMSF precepts. The report proposes follow-on efforts for 2005, including continuation of current efforts and further standardization work with multicasting, web-enabled IEEE 1516 Run-Time Infrastructure, data modeling in C2 and M&S systems, and executable architectures. N6133904WX00137 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

This research evaluates the production of three dimensional (3D) clouds for geospatial viewing programs such as Google Earth, NASA World Wind, and X3D Earth. This thesis took advantage of iso-standard X3D graphics and X3D Edit in conjunction with manually produced image textures to represent 3D clouds. While a 3D geospatial viewing might never completely characterize the current state of the atmosphere, a sufficiently realistic virtual 3D rendering can be created to present current sky coverage given adequate satellite and model data. Various visualization demonstration results are presented that can be rendered and navigated in real time. Further research and development is needed to match a cloud typing model output with a particular method of 3D cloud production. Data-driven adaptation and production of cloud models for web-based delivery is an achievable capability given continued research and development. http://archive.org/details/extensibledxdgra109454177 US Air Force (USAF) author. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

In order to plug-in current open sourced, open standard Java programming technology into the building blocks of the US Navy's ForceNet, first, stove-piped systems need to be made extensible to other pertinent applications and then a new paradigm of adopting extensible and cross-platform open technologies will begin to bridge gaps with old and new weapons systems. The battle-space picture in real time and with as much detail, or as little detail needed is now a current vital requirement. Access to this information via wireless laptop technology is here now. Transmission of data to increase the resolution of that battle-space snapshot will invariably be through noisy links. Noisy links such as found in the shallow water littoral regions of interest will be where Autonomous Underwater and Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (AUVs/UUVs) are gathering intelligence for the sea warrior in need of that intelligence. The battle-space picture built from data transmitted within these noisy and unpredictable acoustic regions demands efficiency and reliability features abstract to the user. To realize this efficiency Extensible Markup Language (XML) Schema-based Binary Compression (XSBC), in combination with Vandermode-based Forward Error Correction (FEC) erasure codes, offer the qualities of efficient streaming of plain text XML documents in a highly compressed form, and a data self-healing capability should there be loss of data during transmission in unpredictable transmission mediums. Both the XSBC and FEC libraries detailed in this thesis are open sourced Java Application Program Interfaces (APIs) that can be readily adapted for extensible, cross-platform applications that will be enhanced by these desired features to add functional capability to ForceNet for the sea warrior to access on demand, at sea and in real-time. These features will be presented in the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) Workbench (AUVW) Java-based application that will become a valuable tool for warriors involved with Undersea Warfare (UW). http://archive.org/details/utilizationoffor109451247 Lieutenant, United States Navy Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Currently under development, the Global Information Grid (GIG) Enterprise Services (ES) is a suite of capabilities intended to provide improved user access to mission-critical data via Web-based and network technologies. Some of the problems of implementing such capabilities include non-uniform data formats, incompatible run-time environments and nonstandard proprietary applications, all of which block operational interoperability. Web services are specifically designed to address the interoperability challenges of a service-oriented architecture (SOA) such as the GIG. SOAs are networked infrastructures that are designed to facilitate the interoperability of collections of services without requiring service context awareness. Standards-based Web services provide the necessary flexibility and extensibility to ensure information flow is platform, run-time and software independent. The proof of concept (POC) software example developed for this research demonstrates the flexibility and extensibility of standards-based, operating-system-independent Web services. The result is an experimental endeavor to provide a mock operation command center information portal, which provides a notional summary personnel status report to the commander in real-time from a Web service that was originally generated by a stand-alone client/server system. The POC is developed with great attention to open-source technologies and open-standards compliance. The key technologies involved are Extensible Markup Language (XML), the Java programming language, PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) scripting language and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). This work demonstrates the benefits of leveraging Web services to unlock legacy specialized applications to enhance the Warfighter's battlespace awareness by improving information flow via a Web based information portal. http://archive.org/details/utilizationofweb109451386 Captain, United States Marine Corps Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

In modern combat operations today the display of operational data is still tied to stove-piped and proprietary systems and software. Additionally, combat systems are still using 2D displays of the battlefield in order to reflect a picture of the battlefield to the warfighter. Stepping away from stove-piped and proprietary systems and reflecting a 3D picture of the battlefield is the direction that this thesis research explores. Research is conducted to explore technologies needed to provide operational forces with web-based 3D visualizations of operational data. Technologies used in this research are XML, XSLT, JAVA, X3D and VRML. A prototype application is developed that allows for the 3D display of operational data. The research demonstrates how operational data can be stored in a database and accessed through a web-based 3D representation of the area of operation. Data sets used in this prototype include Digital Terrain Elevation Data and operational planning data. Access to the data is provided through a web-based interface. The web-based view of the data provides both 2D and 3D views. This research shows that current open source technology can provide the warfighter with a web-based 3D view of the battlefield. http://archive.org/details/dbattlespacevisu109456307 Captain, United States Marine Corps Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

lications, each of which can transform the data into their unique input requirements, using the XML family of specifications. XML validation capabilities ensure that data files can be error free, eliminating many runtime application problems. NSS is currently developed as an application that accesses information from a proprietary commercial object-oriented database that does not support XML interchange. Extending NSS to become an XML-based application is now possible using an XML schema that represents the NSS database. Because the proprietary NSS codebase is not readily modifiable, such XML scenario import/export is achieved via text -based data file conversions. Development of an NSS XML schema and exemplars opens up a powerful new direction for future work. http://archive.org/details/towardxmlreprese109456308 Commander, United States Navy Reserve Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Adopting Extensible Markup Language (XML) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) are key steps to accommodate the evolution of Internet technologies. While HTTP is already a proven standard communication protocol responsible for the rapid expansion of the World Wide Web, XML provides general mechanisms for determining validatable documents and addresses several deficiencies of HTML regarding diverse document structure and content. XML and HTTP together provide many of the essential capabilities associated with database engines. The Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation (MOVES) Institute of the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) is continuing to build a database of 3D tactical scenarios and using X3D and VRML tools. The configuration parameters and statistical results of these scenarios are XML documents. For a better understanding and usability of these results by the end users, a Webbased application stores and manipulates these XML document. This thesis develops a server-side application that can store, serve, and annotate tactical scenarios for X3D operational visualization and anti-terrorist training by using XML and HTTP technologies. The experimental demonstration for this work is the prototypical Anti-Terrorism/Force Protection (AT/FP) simulation model developed by Lieutenant James W. Harney, USN, using Extensible 3D Graphics (X3D)/ Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) models. http://archive.org/details/usingxmlhttptost109451086 Captain, Tunisian Army Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are now being introduced into the fleet to improve Mine Warfare capabilities. Several AUVs are under government-contracted development. Mission planning and data reporting vary between vehicles and systems. This variance does not pose an immediate problem, as only one AUV is currently in production. However, as more AUVs are put into production, commands will begin to get multiple AUVs. Without a single mission command language, multiple systems will require familiarity with multiple languages. Extensible Markup Language (XML) and related technologies may be used to facilitate interoperability between dissimilar AUVs and extract and integrate mission data into Navy C4I systems. XML makes archive maintenance easier, XML documents can be accessed via an http server, and, in root form, XML is transferable on the fly by stylesheet. This thesis presents an XML-based mission command for the command and control of AUVs. In addition, this thesis discusses XML technology and how XML is a viable means of achieving interoperability. Furthermore, this thesis provides an example mission file using existing software, and demonstrates the future of XML in AUV technology. Finally, this work ends with a compelling argument for the use of an XML-based mission command language to command all AUVs. http://archive.org/details/anxmlbasedmissio10945975 Ensign, United States Navy Captain, United States Air Force Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.