Search

Six penzigioid Xylaria species that are characterized by small, discoid to pulvinate, soft stromata are included in this study. Xylaria albocinctoides, X. bicampaniformis and X. lechatii are described as new; Nummularia albocincta, Hypoxylon carabayense and H. discolor are moved to the genus Xylaria to form new combinations X. albocincta, X. carabayensis and X. discolor respectively. An identification key is provided for the major aggregates of Xylaria that harbor penzigioid species as well as the species of the X. frustulosa aggregate, to which the six studied penzigioid Xylaria species belong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phylogenetic relationships were inferred among several xylariaceous genera with Nodulisporium or nodulisporium-like anamorphs based on the analyses of β-tubulin and α-actin sequences. One hundred nine cultures and three specimens of 83 representatives of these four genera were included in the study. Biscogniauxia taxa formed a well supported clade that was basal to the other taxa, while taxa of Hypoxylon and Daldinia comprised a large monophyletic group that contained two subclades. The first subclade encompassed Hypoxylon sect. Annulata and is accepted here as the new genus Annulohypoxylon. The second subclade contained taxa of Hypoxylon sect. Hypoxylon and Daldinia. Hypoxylon is restricted to include only those taxa in sect. Hypoxylon. Thirty-three epithets are made in Annulohypoxylon. Hypoxylon cohaerens var. microsporum is raised to the species level and accepted as A. minutellum. Hypoxylon polyporoideum is recognized as distinct from H. crocopeplum. Hypoxylon placentiforme is accepted as Daldinia placentiformis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six xylariaceous fungi, including two Hypoxylon taxa and four Nemania taxa, are described as new. They were collected from either Costa Rica or Taiwan. Two of the Nemania species--N. flavitextura and N. primolutea--were cultured and typical Geniculosporium anamorphs were produced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new genus Amphirosellinia is erected to include five xylariaceous fungi with erumpent or immersed perithecioid stromata. Amphirosellinia fushanensis, A. nicrospora and A. tennesseensis are newly described, whereas A. evansii and A. quercina are new combinations. Synnematous, geniculosporium-like anamorphs are known for A. fushanensis, A. nigrospora, A. tennesseensis and A. evansii; the anamorph of the latter species was produced on natural substratum, whereas those of the former three species were produced in culture. Dichotomous keys are presented for the Amphirosellinia species and for some genera that might be confused with Amphirosellinia. Entoleuca ellisii also is described as new. It readily can be separated from the known species in the genus by its smaller ascospore size range and short ascospore germ slit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These new species of Hypoxylon are described: H. elevatidiscus, H. squamulosum, H. subalbum and H. vinosopulvinatum. A referenced list of all Hypoxylon species known to us described since 1996 is given and a key presented. Names associated with Hypoxylon that were not given in the Ju and Rogers monograph are annotated and diagnostic corrections of taxa discussed in that monograph are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ascovirgaria occulta gen. et sp.nov., a xylariaceous pyrenomycete with perithecia embedded in decayed wood beneath a blackened surface, is described. Its anamorph is Virgaria nigra (Link) Nees, a cosmopolitan dematiaceous hyphomycete long suspected to have xylariaceous affinities. Jumillera hawaiiensis sp.nov. and its Libertella state, and Lopadostoma hawaiianum sp.nov. and its dry scolecosporous anamorph, are described.Key words: Ascomycetes, Pyrenomycetes, Xylariaceae.Les auteurs décrivent l'Ascovirgaria occulta gen. et sp.nov., un pyrénomycète avec périthèces enfouis dans le bois en décomposition, sous une surface noircie. Son anamorphe est le Virgaria nigra (Link) Nees, un hyphomycète dématié cosmopolite, pour lequel on suspecte depuis longtemps l'existence d'affinités avec les Xylariaceae. On décrit également le Jumillera hawaiiensis sp.nov. et son stade Libertella ainsi que le Lopadostoma hawaiiensis sp.nov et son anamorphe scolécosporé sec.Mots clés : ascomycètes, pyrénomycètes, Xylariaceae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dichotomic key is presented herein for 24 genera of the family Xylariaceae (Pyrenomycetes, Sphaeriales), collected in Mexico up to the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The taxonomic history, host relationships, and the distribution of 72 species and 6 varieties of the genus Xylaria collected in different plant communities of ten Mexican states are discussed. The species were collected and identified from 1986 to 1991. Future lines of research on the genus are posed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An artificial key to 41 species and 3 varieties of the genus Hypoxylon sensu stricto collected in Mexico so far, is presented; 31 species and one variety belong to section Hypoxylon whereas 10 species and 2 varieties correspond to section Annulata. Two taxa remain without specific epithet due the scarcity of the material or the lack of anamorphic data. The new variety Hypoxylon shearii var. minor is proposed. Data on distribution, substrates, collecting dates, and affinities with other species of the genus, are provided for most taxa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: To infer the phylogenetic relationships of Xylaria species associated with termite nests within the genus Xylaria and among genera of the subfamily Xylarioideae, β-tubulin, RPB2, and α-actin sequences of 131 cultures of 114 species from Xylaria and 11 other genera of the subfamily were analyzed. These 11 genera included Astrocystis, Amphirosellinia, Discoxylaria, Entoleuca, Euepixylon, Kretzschmaria, Nemania, Podosordaria, Poronia, Rosellinia, and Stilbohypoxylon. We showed that Xylaria species were distributed among three major clades, TE, HY, and PO, with clade TE—an equivalent of the subgenus Pseudoxylaria—encompassing exclusively those species associated with termite nests and the other two clades containing those associated with substrates other than termite nests. Xylaria appears to be a paraphyletic genus, with most of the 11 genera submerged within it. Podosordaria and Poronia, which formed a distinct clade, apparently diverged from Xylaria and the other genera early. Species of Entoleuca, Euepixylon, Nemania, and Rosellinia constituted clade NR, a major clade sister to clade PO, while those of Kretzschmaria were inserted within clade HY and those of Astrocystis, Amphirosellinia, Discoxylaria, and Stilbohypoxylon were within clade PO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]