Search

Aim. This paper aims to consider the concept and perception of digital transformation on the example of the Bogdan Ogrizović Library and Reading Room in Zagreb, which represents one of the key focal points of the social and cultural life of the city of Zagreb. Approach/methodology/design. The paper presents the results of a research conducted using a quantitative research method with the help of a survey on a convenient sample of respondents. Results. The conducted research has confirmed the hypothesis that the users perceive changes in the library's services and holdings caused by the changes in information and communication technology, which is one of the manifestations and tools of digital transformation with regard to library's operations and the users' perception of the library. More than half of the respondents stated that they perceive the library equally in terms of library materials, space, and services. In each of these categories, the respondents perceive the library most through library materials, then somewhat less as a space, and least through services. The users see the library of the near future as an institution that provides a combined service: in digital and paper format, which indicates a balanced approach to library development and implies that the digital sphere will not abolish the paper one, at least not in the near future. The librarians are also expected to possess not only the professional knowledge, but also communication and IT skills. In general, the respondents are aware of the existing changes in the library, but they expect additional changes, new contents and services in the digital form. Limitations. The results of the research are limited by the number of respondents and the sample and cannot be generalized to the entire population of users of the City of Zagreb Library network (which also includes the Bogdan Ogrizović Library and Reading Room). Despite this fact, the research results are an important indicator of changes in public libraries under the influence of information and communication technology, which requires continuous research. Practical application. The results of the research can be applied when creating strategic and operational (annual) work plans of the public library where the research was conducted, as well as in other public libraries. Social significance. The results of the conducted research provide an insight into the work of one of the most popular public libraries in Zagreb, which contributes to better knowledge of the work of public libraries in general and their greater visibility in society. Originality/value. The paper presents the original results of the research on public library users in a period of great economic and social changes in which libraries also participate by (digitally) transforming their services, thus trying to attract new users, primarily the younger generation who are increasingly oriented towards digital media on the Internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper researches the impacts of the housing problem of younger population on the demographic trends in the city of Zagreb. Housing problems in the city of Zagreb are marked by an increase of housing prices and rents, mainly in the uncontrolled market, and they differ from other parts of the country. In the context of the challenges of housing policy development in transition countries, the housing standard, housing tenure, the housing market and the rental housing market in Zagreb are analysed. Regarding the research methodology, the paper is based on a survey, analysis of statistical data and other, relatively scarce literature. The analysis of the housing market and the uncontrolled housing rental market speaks of the key problem of housing affordability. Social programs in this area are residual in nature and do not provide housing for vulnerable groups. An important contribution of the paper is a survey in the population aged 18 to 39 years. The results of the research show that less educated immigrants who come to Zagreb for employment cannot afford decent housing. The unsustainable status of tenants in the uncontrolled private market makes this population socially excluded. The affordability of decent housing mediated by financial problems and other factors has negative effects on childbearing. In addition, such forms of social deprivation are proving to be triggers for emigration from the country. Certain methodological innovations are proposed for future research in this area. In addition to the negative effects on demographic trends, the unaffordability of decent housing also affects labour mobility, and thus the social and economic development of the city of Zagreb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Western part of Zagreb is delineated by the Street of the Republic of Austria on the east side, Ilica Street in the north, the railway line in the south and the Črnomerec stream in the west. It was enclosed into a masterplan for the first time in the Regulatory Plan from 1887 and envisaged as the extension of the Lower Town to the west. In the first Regulatory Plan of Zagreb from 1865, only the square in front of the railway station was located there, while the rest was not encompassed. Since the opening of the first railway station in 1862, industrial plants have been randomly built into the western part of the city. In 1878 the City Waterworks were put into operation and at that occasion the first Waterworks Road (Vodovodna cesta) was staked out, connecting Ilica, the historical roadway in the north (since the 15th century), with the City Waterworks. In Milan Lenuci’s Regulatory Plan from 1907 the western part of the city retained its layout. The only urban planning since the end of the 19th century until the First World War in the western part of Zagreb was implemented with the aim of connecting six army barrack complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the period between the two world wars, Zagreb did not have a general regulatory basis according to which it would develop. Partial regulatory bases are created for individual areas. The western part of the city, which is bounded by the Republic of Austria Street in the east, Ilica in the north, the railway line in the south and the Črnomerca stream in the west, and which was included in the Regulatory basis from 1887 as an extension of the Lower Town, is being built by interpolating the blocks according to several regulatory bases created for individual regions. Industrial complexes, which at that time had priority over military ones, did not leave a significant urban element in the urban sense, and exceptions are rare, such as the administration building of the Factory "Hinka Francka sinovi d.d.". The construction in the western part of Zagreb between the two world wars was of a lower design and, in terms of construction, of lower quality than the previous era [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The old printed books of the historic library of Zagreb cathedral (today housed in the Metropolitanska knjižnica u Zagrebu or Metropolitan Library, Zagreb) were given a special kind of binding around 1692. The bookbinder glued onto the covers of the printed books pieces of medieval parchment codices in a very special way. The binding that resulted (generally referred to as “Metropolitanski uvez” or “Metropolitan binding” in the Croatian literature on the subject) resembles half-leather binding, the crucial difference being that, with the books of the cathedral, parchment was used instead of paper. Around 1692, when Aleksandar Mikulić, the bishop of Zagreb (1688–1694), had a new building erected for the cathedral library, between 2000 and 3000 books were bound in this particular way, to safeguard the printings. In this paper, I give a detailed description of this special type of binding and also survey the history of the cathedral library. Between 1692 and 1846, when Zagreb canons were allowed under strict conditions to borrow books from the collection, several volumes went their way. According to present knowledge, outside the Metropolitanska knjižnica, at least 5 libraries in Croatia and 3 in Hungary have preserved altogether 70 books bound in this way. For this reason, I introduce a new term for the type of binding, namely “Mikulić binding”, as the majority of the books kept outside the Metropolitanska knjižnica were never stored in this modern collection, but in the library of Zagreb cathedral, which had existed only until 1906. I give a short history of the collections where books bound in this way are preserved; publish detailed bibliographical descriptions of the volumes in question; identify the manuscripts found on the bindings; and try to reconstruct the itinerary of the books with the help of the possessors’ notes. I was finally able to identify 21 codices surviving on bindings in either a small or relatively large number of fragments; these manuscripts had been used as raw material by the 17th-century bookbinder working at Zagreb. One of these manuscripts is the 13th-century notated breviary of Esztergom (Strigonium), which was identified in 258 fragments on bindings in the Metropolitanska knjižnica in 2019. My recent research has discovered 14 further fragments taken from this invaluable codex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the role of Medvednica Mountain streams in the past and present spatial planning of the City of Zagreb. A description of their main characteristics is followed by an examination of their historical role in spatial planning and spatial plans, and of their impact on the urbanisation of Zagreb over four characteristic periods from the second half of the 19th century to the time of writing. A survey was also conducted to determine the ways in which the people of Zagreb use these streams and their views on their potential development. The international practice of planning and management of urban streams is explained in selected examples. Finally, on the basis of the survey, field research, and a synthesis of foreign and domestic planning practice and literature, the authors summarise the results and findings of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the research was to establish a complete overview of summer residences, villas and (family) houses in Zagreb, exclusively on the basis of listing criteria. 60 listed buildings were identified, all located in the northern part of Zagreb, on the southern slopes of Medvednica. The paper provides a review of listed building locations, authors, time of construction, historical stylistic classification, analysis of the pertaining listing documentation and literature review. Summer residences for an occasional stay were built during the 18th and 19th century in secluded hilly locations surrounded by vineyards and orchards. In the 20th century, the construction of summer residences decreased, while the construction of villas for permanent residence begins forming elite residential parts of the city. With a transition from a semi-rural to a semi-urban context, accompanied by the disappearance of the term summer residence and the introduction of the terms villa and (family) house, the stylistic transition from historicism to functionalism and modern architecture is evident. Three main historical-stylistic periods have been recognized and all the researched buildings have been classified accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the dialectical relationship between queerness and homonormativity, the aim of this paper was to outline the spatial framework of pink consumption in Croatia. Since the LGBT community is a specific and sensitive social group, qualitative research methods were used. After calculating the gay index and determining that the city of Zagreb provides the most favourable spatial context for the study of pink consumption, the interview method was used to collect qualitative data. The sample was assembled using the snowball technique (N = 14). The research revealed that there are only few pink consumption places in Zagreb, that they are not even present in all consumption systems, and that they are located in the central part of the city without exception. Although it cannot be argued that they are completely homonormative places, evidence of social exclusivity and sexual conservativism was found. Thus, it has been shown that even fundamentally inclusive places can produce normativity, which deprives them of the potential to achieve equality and emancipation of the Zagreb's LGBT community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The aim of the paper is to show the beginning of the Mobile Library Service, which was founded in 1976, and the operation of the same Library Service in 2021, or forty-five years later in the City of Zagreb and Zagreb County. From the time of its establishment until today, the Library Service has changed a number of vehicles, employees, library stops, has renewed the library holdings, has changed the way of operating and providing library services, and has introduced a new work program in accordance with the current IFLA Guidelines for Mobile Libraries (2011), but one thing has remained the same - the work with the library members at bookmobile stops every two weeks at the same time in the same place. Approach/methodology. The paper presents the activities of the Mobile Library Service of the Zagreb City Libraries at the time of its establishment in 1976 and the activities of the Bookmobile Service in 2021. The data were collected in the archives of the Library Service, on the website of the Zagreb City Library, and from professional and other papers on the Mobile Library Service of the Zagreb City Library. Findings. A historical overview of the development of the Mobile Library Service of Zagreb City Libraries presented in this paper shows changes in the library services and programs over the past 45 years. It has been shown that the program is conducted in accordance with the current IFLA Guidelines for Mobile Libraries (2011), and that it is following the social and demographic changes in the local community, computerization of the library system and modernization of IT equipment of the Bookmobile Library Service and cooperating with many institutions and associations. The paper points out what has remained the same and equally important over the years - working with the library members at bookmobile stops in accordance with a well-defined work plan and program. Social implications. The social significance is reflected in the value of the Bookmobile service for the local community. Promoting equality in providing of the most flexible library service by increasing the possibility of access to it according to the needs of a changing population regardless of place of residence is the guiding idea of every mobile library service, including the Mobile Library Service of the Zagreb City Library. Originality/value. The paper is a significant contribution to a relatively small amount of published professional literature on the activities of the Mobile Library Service of Zagreb City Libraries at the time of its founding in 1976 and forty-five years later in 2021, and could be a starting point for a more detailed research and a more comprehensive analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The Covid-19 pandemic confronted the world with an unprecedented health crisis and launched a media infodemic. The changes have occurred in the scientific communication system as well: an endless number of papers have been published, editorial process has been accelerated, research results have become available to the public prior to peer-review, etc. This paper aims to discuss the changes in public and scientific communication and to propose possible solutions for coping with the new information environment. Approach / methodology. The paper examines the concepts of infodemic, infodemiology, information and health literacy. Through a literature review, personal professional experience and examples from library practice, the authors seek to offer practical recommendations. Findings. An overabundance of information of questionable quality cause confusion and fear, leading to distrust in science, health authorities and the government. Strengthening the community's resistance to misleading and false information requires critical thinking, and increased level of information and health literacy. Libraries can play a significant role in all this, which is shown by practical example of the activities of the Central medical library (CML) of the University of Zagreb School of Medicine. Taking into account the literature review, professional expertise, and experiences gained in this period, the authors propose actions that key stakeholders in the pandemic information system (government, professional institutions, scientists and medical librarians) can take in order to contain the infodemic. Limitations. Examples of the active role of information professionals are based on a single library experience. This is the largest medical library in Croatia, which offers its users both traditional and advanced services, using all available means of communication. In addition, the CML accepted the current crisis as an opportunity for development, expert assessment of new information sources, active cooperation with the parent institution and the Ministry of Health, scientific work but also an outreach towards the community, so it serves as a good example of implementing recommendations into practice. Practical and social applications. The paper provides practical guidelines for health authorities, professional institutions, scientists and medical librarians for coping with the new communication environment. The pandemic affected all aspects of human activities, and containing the infodemic is of particular social importance. Originality / value. The literature review on infodemic, information and health literacy is supplemented by the local context features and practical experiences and recommendations of medical librarians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes health and health care development in Zagreb in the 19th century, with special attention to the last period of the century, using articles from Liječnički vjesnik for analysis. The development of the hospital and public health system is being considered, as well as the modernisation of other areas - pharmacy and dentistry. In addition, the paper presents basic health enlightenment thoughts as well as their authors. In the end, a brief analysis of treatment success is made on several separate examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the results of the research on housing integration as the important part of functional integration of most numerous immigrant group in Croatia - Croatian citizens who were born in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The analysed survey (CAPI) was conducted in 2014 in Sesvete, a district in the City of Zagreb, on a judgemental/purposive sample of 301 respondents. The aim of the paper is to analyse objective housing conditions (home ownership, housing quality, and neighbourhood) and subjective assessments of the indicators of housing integration of immigrants from BiH living in one of City of Zagreb. Mostly descriptive analyses were employed, complemented with selected tests of relations between two or more respondents' characteristics and their estimations of housing standard and quality. While deriving conclusions from the obtained results, special attention was attached to the limitations of the sampling methods and specific characteristics of the target population of immigrants from BiH. Depending on the ethnic affiliation of immigrants, their language, history and cultural tradition are identical (for Croats) or very similar (Serbs and Bosniaks) to the majority population in the host country creating the circumstances and characteristics which make the process of integration easier in all of its aspects. The analysed indicators of housing integration and development of housing quality of immigrants included in the survey confirmed a high level of its successfulness. In all characteristics of housing: home ownership, type of dwelling (house or apartment) and infrastructural facilities, the immigrants from BiH do not differ from the total population of Croatia, while they are above average in size of total living area and number of rooms. Significant differences were obtained in regard to period and main reason of migration to Croatia. The analysis of comparative estimation of housing quality and general life standard in Zagreb in 2014 and in BiH in the period of migration showed that significant proportion of respondents (57%) considers their housing and living standard in Croatia to be better than if they stayed in BiH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the possibilities of the structural and functional transformation of blocks in the historical center of Zagreb as a part of modernization after many years of neglect as well as earthquakes in 2020. The research aims to determine how the existing block tissue corresponds with the needs of today's residents and the possibility of its improvement. The historical circumstances in which the blocks were formed and underwent the most significant changes and modern processes that affect the state and value are determined. There is a special focus on the interior of the block (courtyards), as well as on the spaces on the ground floors of street facades, where numerous, unexplored changes can be observed. The findings provide starting points for desirable structural–functional transformations of blocks and stem from the synthesis and interpretation of knowledge from four interrelated parts of the research. The characteristics of blocks have changed during city development stages, as depicted by an analysis and graphic interpretation of historical maps and urban plans (1864–2021). Influences of modern processes on changes of the city are determined on the basis of the synthesis of previous research from different interdisciplinary points of view; a detailed analysis of the structural–functional changes is conducted on the example of three selected blocks. Transformation models for three selected blocks are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 13th-century notated breviary of Esztergom (Strigonium, Ostrogon) has recently been discovered in the Metropolitan Library of the Archbishopric of Zagreb. The codex was found in 258 fragments which had been glued to the covers of 129 books printed between the 15th and 17th centuries. The fragmented manuscript is the missing second volume (i.e. sanctorale) of the Breviarium notatum Strgioniense (BNS), now kept in the Strahov Library of the Premonstratensians in Prague (Strahovská knihovna under the shelf mark DE I 7. The paper reports the details of the reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the recent discovery of a 13th-century notated breviary of Esztergom (Strigonium, Gran) in the Metropolitan Library of the Archbishopric of Zagreb (Metropolitanska knjižnica Zagrebačke nadbiskupije). The codex was found in 256 fragments that had been glued to the covers of 126 books printed between the 15th and 17th centuries. These books were bound at the end of the 17th century on the order of Aleksandar Mikulić (1688-1694), the bishop of Zagreb. The fragmented codex is the missing sanctorale part, i.e. the second volume of the "Breviarium notatum Strigoniense" (BNS), now kept in the Strahov Library of the Premonstratensians in Prague (Strahovská knihovna) under the shelf mark DE I 7. Only these two volumes preserve the 13th-century office of Esztergom Cathedral with musical notation. Both of them are notated by two masters, who used the so-called "Esztergom notation", which had been developed in that particular city by the end of the 12th century. The sanctorale consists of the offices of saints celebrated from January to December, the common of the saints and the common of the dedication of a church; it lacks, though, the office of the dead and the calendarium. (The first volume, on the other hand, contains the temporal feasts from Advent to the Sundays after Pentecost.) The reconstruction of what had been the sanctorale codex from its fragments was a complex task. In the paper I use a new iterative method based upon a careful analysis of the contents of the fragments and a comparison with the breviary of Esztergom as printed in 1484. Using the preliminary liturgical sequence of parchment-pieces that resulted, and taking into consideration the bookbinding process, I was able to identify the original fascicles of the manuscript and to determine the identity of the ambiguous fragments. The end result was more precise than that of the preliminary content-based reconstruction. I also show that four fragments kept in the University Library, Budapest, surprisingly belong to the BNS sanctorale. Although, I have been able to reconstruct a considerable part of the manuscript from its ruins, the longest lacuna remains from the 1st to the 15th of August. The codex constitutes the earliest-known record of the legend of Saint Ladislaus, the king of Hungary (1077-1095), and offers insight into the 13th-century readings for the matins of Saint Stephen, the first king of Hungary (1000/1001-1038). The antiphons and responsories venerating Saint Andrew Zoerard and Saint Benedict, the hermits of Mount Zobor, in the BNS sanctorale, are the earliest-known musical examples of the 11th-century office for these holy men. A section of a very rarely documented legend of Saint Francis of Assisi, the so-called "Vita brevior" of Thomas of Celano, was also discovered. We might possibly find a few other books bound with the fragments of the BNS sanctorale in other libraries in Zagreb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the biography of the as yet rather unknown first female Croatian violin virtuosa Ludmilla Weiser. She was born in Zagreb in 1847 in the family of respected Zagreb luthier Ivan Weiser. At the age of five she had already been taught violin by the most prominent violin teacher in Zagreb, Antun Schwarz. Afterwards, she studied violin at the Music School of today's Croatian Musical Institute in Zagreb from 1856-1861. Because of her outstanding talent she was given financial support to study at the Vienna Conservatorium in 1862 where she was, according to my research, the first women ever to study violin there. In Vienna she was accepted at Joseph Hellmesberger senior's class, who remained her teacher until her graduation in 1865. After completing her formal education she began playing in numerous European countries as a solo violinist or was accompanied by many well-known musicians of her time. Her professional career finished in 1869 when she married Estonian architect Reinhold Guleke. After marriage she was completely dedicated to family life, constantly moving with her husband and two sons. Perhaps, because of her relatively short but successful career or because she left Croatia relatively young, she had been almost completely forgotten in musical history, although her role in paving the way for other young women violinists, who began to emerge consistently in second half of the 19th century in Europe's most important musical institutions was unquestionably significant. The paper brings a list of more than forty confirmed performances in Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, Italy, Austria, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Estonia and Lithuania along with first comprehensive bibliography of Ludmilla Weiser. Finally, the paper includes different original documents and photographs generously shared by Ludmilla Weiser's family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design elements which appear in the architecture of ten anthological buildings from the 1930s in Zagreb by prominent protagonists of modern architecture, besides being modern, also have a classical morphology, which marks the continuity of a traditional heritage. Adolf Loos’s statement of decoration as unadjusted with the Zeitgeist was emphasized in the analyzed buildings by the lack of finances, which made the interior design, in spite of the representative character of the palaces, reduced to a bare minimum. The analysis reveals design elements of interior and furniture design, the architects’ creations for the commissioned buildings. There are no examples of total design in the representative palaces, even though some architects applied this principle in other building typologies. In the interwar period, architects like Stjepan Planić and Juraj Denzler paid special attention to design on the basis of functionalist ideas, while the application of the Gesamtkunstwerk concept can be found in the building Dom obrtnika (Artisans' Building) by architects Aleksandar Freudenreich and Zvonimir Požgaj. Architects designed typographies for building names on the front facades and logotypes. The functionality, simplicity, and purity of lines and forms in their design can be seen on preserved plans, photos, and even in buildings for a small portion of this heritage that is still in use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall has been the centre of music and cultural life in Zagreb and Croatia for more than 45 years. It was the first concert venue in the country after the building of the Croatian Music Institute, which opened in 1876. Alongside the existing editions and relevant papers about the Lisinski Hall, this article presents a historical overview of the concert venues in Zagreb in comparison with the development of musical life in former Yugoslavia and other countries. Building on the existing literature, periodical articles and especially archival sources, the article also chronologically traces the process of the building's construction, from the initial concept and the selection of the location through the Conceptual Design Competition for the Croatia heritage foundation in 1957, to the choosing of the hall's name and the two-day gala opening on December 29 and 30, 1973. Finally, a contemporary perspective on the Lisinski Hall is presented and its significance for the musical and cultural life in Zagreb and Croatia addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urban environment's inaccessibility to persons with disabilities is one of the crucial aspects of social discrimination. The paper explores the physical barriers that power wheelchair users encounter while moving around Zagreb, specifically in parts of the following neighbourhoods: Gornji grad (Upper Town)-Medveščak; Donji grad (Lower Town); and Trnje. The aforementioned neighbourhoods encompass a total surface area of 4.31 km2. A participatory approach was applied in the research, whereby wheelchair users were included in the part of the research where navigability of the streets was assessed and the barriers which made moving difficult or impossible were also assessed and mapped. Based on the conducted research, accessibility maps were created and a corresponding interactive GIS map was uploaded online. The results showed that, in the researched areas, power wheelchair users were not able to navigate 22% of total pavement length and 16% of pedestrian crossings by themselves; and they required the assistance of more than one person in order to navigate 19% of pavement length and 9% of pedestrian crossings. The most common barriers include inadequate pavements, kerbs and stairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As formally democratic political systems around the world become authoritarian neoliberal regimes, countermovements are emerging in the form of municipalist platforms. In this context, the post-Yugoslav space is witnessing the confluence of protests that produce initiatives of this type, for example in Zagreb and Belgrade. These practices can only be understood when looking at specific local conditions and general structural conditions. In this paper, the emergence of new municipalisms in both cities is the starting point for analysing a specific set of contradictions and initiatives. They in turn form part of a broader development framed by the turbulence of the ten years that followed the crisis and which potentially represent democratic ruptures in neoliberal authoritarian nationstates. This chapter therefore investigates their societal conditions of existence and the role state apparatuses can play as the settings for emancipatory struggles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides insights into the recreational function of green areas and visitors' habits in the City of Zagreb. The research is based on a conducted survey of 491 visitors, during the working week and weekends at three different green spaces: Zrinjevac (an example of a park in the city centre), Jarun (an example of a recreation and sports zone in the city's periphery) and the square Trg Ivana Kukuljevića (an example of a neighbourhood park in the residential area Špansko). Apart from descriptive statistics, the results were obtained by the following statistical tools: chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test. Based on the differences determined, different types of green spaces in the city were highlighted and their recreational function was closely considered. The research outcomes indicate that there is a correlation between different types of green spaces, their recreational functions and reasons for choosing a particular green space for recreational purposes from the visitors' point of view. The results can contribute to a better understanding of visitor habits and mobilities geared toward specific types of green spaces in Zagreb on a workday and a non-working day. They can be applied to achieving a higher quality conceptualisation of recreation supply of green spaces, as well as to the process of spatial planning and design of urban recreational zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of the morphological structure of an area (morphogenesis) is the outcome of numerous interconnected natural, social (anthropogenic, socio-geographical) and perceptive factors. These factors are visibly reflected in the morphology of an area in some way, so they can be read from it. Certain socio-graphical factors (and their changes) that have influenced the design and physiognomy of the current morphological structure of Dubrava are emphasized in this paper. Dubrava is the boundary area situated on the eastern outskirts of Zagreb. Its functional, demographical and morphological features, as well as the development of those features, have many similarities with those in other edging parts of the town, but on the other hand, Dubrava is characterized by processes and phenomena that are more pronounced in Dubrava than elsewhere in the town. Since the Middle Ages, especially over the period of the last eighty years or so, during which the so-called "narrow" centre of Dubrava has appeared and spread, specific dual morphological structure has been formed. This structure consists of both dispersed villages in the northern, north-eastern and south-eastern parts of Dubrava, whose nucleus originated in the Medieval period, and the area of recent development of "narrow" Dubrava with compactly constructed urban tissue. However, regarding the physiognomic-morphological implications, the latter is not homogenous as well -- there are clearly visible areas of the planned and the areas of unplanned, illegal construction. The aims of this paper are: to offer systematic overview and classification of factors that effect the morphogenesis of a certain area, and, by using diachronical analysis, description, and the comparative method as well as the cartographic technique (the working method of research, to explain how some socio-geographical factors (historical development, administrative and territorial division, planning and building regulations) have influenced the appearance and the development of the heterogeneous morphological structure of Dubrava. The example of the morphogenesis of "narrow" Dubrava indicates the interdependence of the analyzed factors. It also points out the early appearance of unplanned construction -- the phenomenon that is widespread in such a manner that it makes Dubrava one of the most unordered parts of Zagreb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic aim of the paper is both to offer - through critical »reading« of the popular music cultural product in Zagreb between the two world wars - a review of the diversified usable characteristics of particular musical products that circulated on the then-market of symbolic assets, as well as to single out - in the context of accessible testimonies and data on the social and cultural status of music and its participants during that period - the possible functional dispositions which that product, specifically anchored in time and place, used to have. Creating a theoretical basis by drawing on various, primarily cultural and critical comprehensions of popular music, as well as from other broader context components of the functioning of culture, the paper offers a »polygonal« approach to the popular music phenomenon against the background of textual reading off of its articulations and meanings through (not necessarily) musicologically mediated media and analytical procedures. From comprehension of the very phenomenon of the popular and the popularity of music in the period under consideration, through the interpretation of popular music's functional nesting in the sociocultural context, the paper offers indications of certain basic implications of that way of studying music. The work also touches upon an attempt at the conceptual encompassing of music, not only as note and sound structures mediated by media, but also as a broader cultural product that is exposed to diverse usages and different aims, purposes and functions; of which the popular-fictional feature is certainly a significant one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic aim of the paper is both to offer — through critical »reading« of the popular music cultural product in Zagreb between the two world wars — a review of the diversified usable characteristics of particular musical products that circulated on the then-market of symbolic assets, as well as to single out — in the context of accessible testimonies and data on the social and cultural status of music and its participants during that period — the possible functional dispositions which that product, specifically anchored in time and place, used to have. Creating a theoretical basis by drawing on various, primarily cultural and critical comprehensions of popular music, as well as from other broader context components of the functioning of culture, the paper offers a »polygonal« approach to the popular music phenomenon against the background of textual reading off of its articulations and meanings through (not necessarily) musicologically mediated media and analytical procedures. From comprehension of the very phenomenon of the popular and the popularity of music in the period under consideration, through the interpretation of popular music's functional nesting in the sociocultural context, the paper offers indications of certain basic implications of that way of studying music. The work also touches upon an attempt at the conceptual encompassing of music, not only as note and sound structures mediated by media, but also as a broader cultural product that is exposed to diverse usages and different aims, purposes and functions; of which the popular-fictional feature is certainly a significant one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past 15 years vast changes have occurred in the functions of certain areas of a city. Decentralization of retail and the process of transition have resulted in the changes of functions of certain parts of the city. Trend of opening of new domestic and foreign shopping centres, hypermarkets and other types of retail outlets have caused a relative decline of the number of retail outlets in city centre. First part of the paper gives a research of changes in business functions of Ilica street with an analysis of level of satisfaction with the location, infrastructure and cooperation with the neighbouring establishments. Second part of the paper deals with the problem of closure of business premises in the city centre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares district heating systems in Zagreb and Aalborg in order to see their similarities and differences from which conclusions are drawn on how to improve the systems. The method chosen is the comparative analysis. Data is organized and structured so to allow clear and concise comparison. The results of the comparative analysis show that the district heating system in Aalborg is more advanced than the district heating system in Zagreb. This advantage is prominent in aspects of supply, demand, distribution and economic spheres. Some of the possible improvements include lowering specific heat and water losses. Systematic replacements and refurbishments of the old network pipes are key to this. Lowering the supply and return temperatures would enable better renewable energy sources integration. The integration of renewable energy sources in district heating systems is the most important goal that still needs to be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] This paper is a study of urban transformations in Croatia in three time periods. [•] These periods witnessed the major changes in spatial planning and management. [•] Socialism took great care of urban planning and interdisciplinary approach. [•] Since 2000 urban planning has been given considerably less attention in Zagreb. [•] This resulted in the disappearance of systematic urban planning and urbanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, impressions and experiences gained during the Erasmus IP LibCMASS (IP Library, Information and Cultural Management - Academic Summer School Intensive Program) in September 2-15, 2012 is shared. In addition to the host university (University of Zagreb), Hacettepe University from Turkey, The State University of Library Studies and Information Technologies (SULSIT) from Bulgaria and Descartes University from France were participated to the program in 2012. Next and final stage of this project will be taken place at Hacettepe University Department of Information Management in 2013. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The collection of musical instruments from the holdings of the Museum of Arts and Crafts is the only complete collection of this type in the museums of Zagreb, and also the most important such collection in Croatia. Within that collection is a modest but diverse group of keyboard instruments: a clavichord, three square pianos, a portable travel piano, fortepiano, positive, physharmonica, harmonium, an upright piano, two pianonos, and five pianos. Because of the lack of space, some instruments are located in the furniture depot. The instruments date from the second half of the 18th century until the turn from the 19th to the 20th century. Most of them originate from Austria, largely Vienna, thus confirming its musical influence on Zagreb. The paper gives a description of these instruments and attempts to find their place in the historical and social context since their owners mostly belonged to the citizenry, some of them having earned a prominent place in the cultural and artistic life of Zagreb and Croatia. Economically well-situated, they regularly cherished home music-making and, thanks to their music education, were able to play themselves. Some of the exhibited instruments are in poor condition. They would reach their full value and beauty only if they were restored and well tuned, so their repair is necessary. At least one part of the instruments, especially those that are well preserved, should be made playable because that is their primary and undeniable function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

St Rok's Park is the unique example of gardens in the topography of Zagreb, a hill connecting Lower and Upper Town. In the city's urban matrix it gives a prominent view to Lower Town. Its specific features include summer residences and the artists' colony to which it belongs. The paper analyzes the characteristics of St Rok's Park, its changes through history, the state of the historic core, renovation possibilities, and its significance in the landscape history of Zagreb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although characteristic for his entire oeuvre, Boris Krstulović's design method is analyzed in this paper in relation to the 1960 residential building on Petretić Square in Zagreb. Placed within Croatian and international architectural trends the building reveals features of the Zagreb school of architecture. It shows the architect's critical assimilation of world trends, distance from the current production and the creation of an anthological work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work of Tihomil Vidošić (Boljun, Istria, 1 July 1902 - Zagreb, 24 January 1973) can be completely understood only by viewing all aspects of his activity: he was a composer, conductor, educator, and arranger. An autodidact at first, he took lessons from Ivan Matetić-Ronjgov (1880-1960) and started composition and conductor studies at the Music Academy in Zagreb in 1923, although he did not finally complete his courses until 1961. In the meantime, he finished organ studies (1929) and took a job as a military bandmaster, which brought him to Tuzla (Bosnia-Hercegovina) in 1930 and then to Mostar three years later. He was mobilised in 1941 and came back to Zagreb, where he was director of the military Music School (1942-1945). After the war, he worked as a teacher of harmony, solfeggio and as conductor at the new school of music (Gradska glazbena škola, later Glazbena škola Pavla Markovca in Zagreb) until his death in 1973. Throughout all that time, he composed and developed his compositional style, very often dedicating his works to the ensembles he was conducting and, later, to his pupils, who gladly played his music that suited them technically and stylistically. A major part of his legacy was found in 2004, almost by accident. The author of this text sorted and catalogued the material (the basis of her graduation thesis) as a precondition for later studies of Vidošić's work. Alojzije Seder, who bought the legacy, donated it to the Croatian Institute of Music (Hrvatski glazbeni zavod) in Zagreb, where it was archived under Inventory Number 38. The legacy consists of: books (mostly on music), printed music material, hand-written music material and various types of documents (letters, annotations, lists [of works], and 4 versions of the composer's autobiographies). The books and documents were catalogued using a standard word processor program (Microsoft Word) while RISM standards (ISIS software) were used for all the music material. The most interesting and most valuable parts of the legacy are Vidošić's manuscripts that are unique examples - such as the long sought after score of Vidošić's most popular work, the comic opera Stari mladić / An Old Lad - but this is definitely not the complete legacy that was in the possession of either Vidošić or his widow Štefica. It was partly destroyed (mostly by damp) and partly sold before it came into the possession of Alojzije Seder. That is why it is difficult to draw a relevant conclusion (about the composer's treatment of his own work, for example). One can find Vidošić's original scores, arrangements (including many folk songs and dance arrangements), and transcriptions of other composers' works. Amongst Vidošić's original compositions, some are well-preserved and in complete form, but there are many piano scores (without instrumentation/orchestration) and sketches bearing the annotation «finished». The aim of this paper has been to systematize the material found in the legacy of Tihomil Vidošić and to show at least a part of his interests, which might encourage further studies and performance of the works of this almost forgotten Croatian composer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to data from secondary sources, Mozart's operas Don Giovanni and Die Zauberflöte were staged with considerable success in Zagreb during the 1830s, but the only Zagreb newspaper Agramer politische Zeitung devoted very little space to musical-scenic works performances at that time. It was not until the 1870s that most of Zagreb newspapers gave announcements and reviews on performances of Mozart's operas; Don Giovanni was staged in 1875 and in 1898 and Die Zaubeflöte in 1899. So these two Mozart's operas were the only ones that had been systematically staged in Zagreb in all three theatres (in so-called Amad. Theater, Stanković Theatre and in today's theatre building) in the German and/or the Croatian language during the 19th century. The characteristics of performances and casts are given in this paper and, on the basis of the newspaper reviews, changes in the journalists' and the audience's reactions in the reception of those works are monitored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the early 1990s, Croatia and Slovenia, along with other Central and Eastern European countries, began a process of economic transition from centrally planned to market economy. The main goal of the paper is to compare developments of new forms of retail outlets in Zagreb and Ljubljana after 1990 and to explain similarities and differences in the trend of retail development in two capital cities. The second goal is to determine the level of development of social functions of retail centres and to determine similarities and differences in the function of retail centers in Zagreb and Ljubljana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to define the term alternative library and to identify the structure and activities of alternative libraries based on the Zagreb sample. Alternative libraries are civil sector's libraries. These libraries collect and offer the use of their collections to the general public. Their collections cover a variety of topics and subjects from the field of human rights protection, such as rights of women, homosexuals, right to live in peace and free information-access rights. The results of the research conducted at the end of September and the beginning of October 2005 are presented in this article. Using structured interview method, the research was carried out in five Zagreb alternative libraries. The libraries include: Reading-room and Library of The Centre for Women's Studies; the Library of Ženska Infoteka; Lezbib -- lesbian library of Lesbian Group Kontra; Media Archive [mama] of Multimedia Institute [mi2]; and Peace Library of The Centre for Peace Studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]