1. Comparative analysis of the relative potential of silver, Zinc-oxide and titanium-dioxide nanoparticles against UVB-induced DNA damage for the prevention of skin carcinogenesis.
- Author
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Tyagi N, Srivastava SK, Arora S, Omar Y, Ijaz ZM, Al-Ghadhban A, Deshmukh SK, Carter JE, Singh AP, and Singh S
- Subjects
- Anticarcinogenic Agents toxicity, Antioxidants pharmacology, Catalase metabolism, Cell Death drug effects, Cell Line, Tumor, DNA Repair drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glutathione Peroxidase metabolism, Humans, Keratinocytes metabolism, Keratinocytes pathology, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Skin Neoplasms genetics, Skin Neoplasms metabolism, Skin Neoplasms pathology, Sunburn genetics, Sunburn metabolism, Sunburn pathology, Sunscreening Agents toxicity, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Titanium toxicity, Zinc Oxide toxicity, Anticarcinogenic Agents pharmacology, DNA Damage drug effects, Keratinocytes drug effects, Keratinocytes radiation effects, Metal Nanoparticles, Silver Compounds pharmacology, Skin Neoplasms prevention & control, Sunburn drug therapy, Sunscreening Agents pharmacology, Titanium pharmacology, Ultraviolet Rays adverse effects, Zinc Oxide pharmacology
- Abstract
Sunscreen formulations containing UVB filters, such as Zinc-oxide (ZnO) and titanium-dioxide (TiO
2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed to limit the exposure of human skin to UV-radiations. Unfortunately, these UVB protective agents have failed in controlling the skin cancer incidence. We recently demonstrated that silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) could serve as novel protective agents against UVB-radiations. Here our goal was to perform comparative analysis of direct and indirect UVB-protection efficacy of ZnO-, TiO2 - and Ag-NPs. Sun-protection-factor calculated based on their UVB-reflective/absorption abilities was the highest for TiO2 -NPs followed by Ag- and ZnO-NPs. This was further confirmed by studying indirect protection of UVB radiation-induced death of HaCaT cells. However, only Ag-NPs were active in protecting HaCaT cells against direct UVB-induced DNA-damage by repairing bulky-DNA lesions through nucleotide-excision-repair mechanism. Moreover, Ag-NPs were also effective in protecting HaCaT cells from UVB-induced oxidative DNA damage by enhancing SOD/CAT/GPx activity. In contrast, ZnO- and TiO2 -NPs not only failed in providing any direct protection from DNA-damage, but rather enhanced oxidative DNA-damage by increasing ROS production. Together, these findings raise concerns about safety of ZnO- and TiO2 -NPs and establish superior protective efficacy of Ag-NPs., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2016
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