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Synopia ultramarina Dana, 1853 is considered a circumtropical species and was originally described based on material collected from two localities near halfway between the southwestern Africa and northeastern Brazil. The species is redescribed here with samples from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Pernambuco state, northeastern Brazil. The material examined was collected by SCUBA diving, from rhodolith beds, in Ressureta Channel, between Meio and Rata Islands. Additional material was collected from off Ceará state coast, during environmental consultancies, by Petrobras S. A., and off Pernambuco state coast, during the Project REVIZEE NE IV. Discussion on morphological variations of the species is presented, based on the studied material and previous descriptions in the literature. RESUMO Synopia ultramarina Dana, 1853 é considerada uma espécie circumtropical e foi originalmente descrita com material coletado em duas localidades, a meio caminho entre o sudoeste da África e o nordeste do Brasil. A espécie é redescrita aqui com amostras do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, estado de Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil. O material estudado foi coletado por mergulho autônomo, em camas de rodolitos, no canal Ressureta, entre as ilhas do Meio e Rata. Material adicional foi coletado ao largo da costa do estado do Ceará, durante consultorias ambientais coordenadas pela Petrobras S. A., e ao largo da costa do estado de Pernambuco, durante o Projeto REVIZEE NE IV. É apresentada discussão sobre as variações morfológicas da espécie, baseada no material estudado e em descrições prévias na literatura.

A new genus and species of the family Phoxocephalidae is here described with material collected during the Mini Biological Trawl Project at 224 and 500 m depth off Brazil’s southeastern coast in the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. Atlantiphoxus wajapi n. gen., n. sp. can be grouped in the subfamily Phoxocephalinae and seems to be morphologically close to Fuegiphoxus Barnard and Barnard, 1980 and Parharpinia Stebbing, 1899. However it can be easily distinguished within the phoxocephalids by the following characters: deep pereonites with small coxae; rostrum unconstricted; eyes absent; man­dible molar not triturative, but as a small hump with 3 multicuspidate stout setae; pereopods 3-4 with stout dactylus; pereopod 5 basis strongly tapering distally; pereopod 7 basis anterodistal corner with a row of long plumose setae; dactylus elongate. Epimeral plate 3 posteroventral margin strongly produced.

Four new species of Pseudharpinia Schellenberg, 1931 are described. The material examined was collected during the Mini Biological Trawl project, off Atlantic’s southwestern coast on the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul with rectangular dredges at 25 to 500 meters depth. All the new species described present the following remarkable character states that make them easily distinguishable from their congeners: P. bonhami sp. nov. has pereopod 7 basis with 6 large spines posteroventrally; P. jonesyi sp. nov. exhibits pereopod 6 basis with a long acute spiny-projection posteriorly; P. pagei sp. nov. presents head with ventrolateral lines, antenna 1 primary flagellum with stout article 1, gnathopod 2 palm excavate and with slightly serrate palmar hump; P. planti sp. nov. presents head with dorsal keel and ventrolateral line, elongate flagella article 1 of antenna 1, pereopods 3–4 carpus anterior margin with a comb-like structure distally and pereopod 7 merus strongly produced posteroventrally. An identification key for all species of Pseudharpinia of the world is provided.

Two new species of the genus Cephalophoxoides Gurjanova, 1977 are described. The material examined was collected during the Mini Biological Trawl (MBT) project, off Brazil’s southeastern coast on the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, at depths ranging from 34 to 75 meters. Cephalophoxoides fortisetus sp. nov. resembles C. homilis (Barnard, 1960) in some general aspects of mandible, propodus of gnathopods 1–2, basis of pereopod 5 and rami of uropod 1. However, it can be distinguished by the latter species mainly by distinct characters on the maxilliped, gnathopod 1, uropod 2 and uropod 3. Also, the new species presents 1 short and 2 long stout setae on the lobes of telson as a notable character. Cephalophoxoides obtusimanus sp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by presenting gnathopod 1 with an obtuse and weakly chelate palm as an exclusive character of the genus. An identification key for all species of Cephalophoxoides of the world is provided.

Colomastigids are small, commensal marine amphipods distributed worldwide. Here we present descriptions of three new species of Colomastix Grube, 1861 from Todos-os-Santos Bay (Bahia state), and separately identification keys to males and females of all known Colomastix species from the Atlantic Ocean. Males of Colomastix iemanja sp. nov. can be distinguished from all others in the genus especially by the bifurcate apex of inner ramus of uropod 1, with highly asymmetric branches surrounded by a membranous-like structure. Males of Colomastix tubulosa sp. nov. can be distinguished from all others in the genus especially by the tube-like morphology of the apex of inner ramus of uropod 1, the morphology of the distalmost palmar process of gnathopod 2 and by the expanded inner ramus of uropod 2. Females of Colomastix iemanja sp. nov. and Colomastix tubulosa sp. nov. are the only species in the Atlantic with a pleated apex on dactylus of gnathopod 2, besides Colomastix trispinosa Silvany, Alves & Senna, 2019. Colomastix marielle sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other species in the genus by the elongate carpus of pereopod 5 of females and by the rudder-like morphology of the apex of inner ramus of uropod 1 of males. These three new species increase the number of Colomastix in the Atlantic from 18 to 21, and are amongst the first records of the suborder Colomastigidea Lowry & Myers, 2017 from Brazilian waters.

The suborder Colomastigidea consists essentially of small commensal amphipods and, to the date, no species are known from Brazilian waters. Here, a new species (Colomastix trispinosa sp. nov.) of the genus Colomastix is described from the Northeastern Brazilian coast, Ceará state. The new species is distinguished from the others in the genus especially by the male morphology of the palm of gnathopod 2 and the apex of inner ramus of uropod 1, as well as for the combination of other characters. In addition, it is the first Atlantic species to have a pleated apex on dactylus of female gnathopod 2.

A new species of the genus Ceradocus Costa, 1853 is described from Northeastern Brazil. This species is unique in having: (1) male gnathopod 2 propodus palm ornamented, palmar corner defined by a soft spine; (2) spines along the entire posterior margin of epimeral plate 3, (3) telson with very long apical setae. This new species is the second species of this genus in Brazil. An updated taxonomic key to the Ceradocus of the world is also provided.

A new species of Stephonyx Lowry and Stoddart, 1989 from northeastern Brazil is described, the second record of the genus from Brazil. The new Brazilian species is morphologically close to the type species of the genus. In this paper we compare the different descriptions of Stephonyx biscayensis (Chevreux, 1908) and recommend the necessity of a revision, since some described species may or may not be S. biscayensis.

Box-corer samples taken between 700 and 2000 m depth on the slope of the Campos Basin, southeastern Brazilian deep sea, provided the material for the description of two new genera in the family Urothoidae, Carangolioides gen. nov. and Coronaurothoe gen. nov., and three new species: Carangolioides castellatus sp. nov., Carangolioides hamatus sp. nov. and Coronaurothoe rotunda sp. nov. Carangolioides gen. nov. differs from other urothoid genera by the presence of a distolateral projection on the outer lobes of the lower lip and the distally truncated margin of the upper lip, while Coronaurothoe gen. nov. differs by the mandibular molar being triturative with a distal crown of stout setae. In this study, we provide detailed descriptions and illustrations of the new taxa. An identification key to genera of Urothoidae is also provided. The genera Pseudurothoe Ledoyer, 1986 and Urothopsis Ledoyer, 1967 are removed in this paper from Urothoidae to Phoxocephalopsidae.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:18...

The gammarellid genus Nuuanu J. L. Barnard, 1970 is described for the first time from Brazilian waters, on the coast of the state of Espirito Santo. Nuuanu peroa sp. n. shares the diagnostic characters of the genus, such as the gnathopods 1 and 2 subchelate, dissimilar in size and shape, pereopod 7 with basis shield-like and posteriorly crenulate, and uropod 3 with both rami short, but inner ramus less than half the length of outer ramus. However, the new species differs from the others in the genus in that it is the only one that has the anteroventral corner of the head produced in a stout acuminate spine. This is the first record of the genus Nuuanu from Brazilian waters (© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

The genus Elasmopus has a worldwide distribution with most species living in warm waters. This work describes two new species, both from off the northeast Brazilian coast, including its oceanic banks of Fernando de Noronha Chain. The first new species, E. karamani sp. nov., is easily recognized by palm of gnathopod 2 with a medial concave portion, posterior margin of basis of pereopod 5 and 6 concave, epimeron 3 produced in a sharp spine, and the uropod 3 rami 2.4 times the peduncle length. The other one, E. lejeunei sp. nov., is very similar to E. balkomanus Thomas & Barnard, 1989 and E. lemaitrei Ortiz & Lalana, 1994 in having propodus of gnathopod 2 without palmar corner and posterior margin of basis of pereopod 5 concave. However, it differs from those by presenting gnathopod 2 with a weakly developed process near hinge of dactylus with some robust setae, followed by two tubercles. The propodus inner face presents one ridged line, about 1/3 of propodus length, and perpendicular lines of setae, from the proximal portion of the ridged line almost to the dactylus hinge. A key to all species of the genus Elasmopus recorded in the Brazilian coast is given.

Two new species of the family Ampithoidae Stebbing, 1899 are described from northeastern Brazilian waters. The newly described species belong to the genera Ampithoe Leach, 1814 and Cymadusa Savigny, 1816. Ampithoe robustimana sp. nov. is characterized by: gnathopod 1 propodus elongated, robust and subrectangular, palm almost transverse with a mid-palmar subquadrate tooth; gnathopod 2 propodus elongated, robust and subrectangular, palm almost transverse. Cymadusa ygara sp. nov. is established based on a unique female holotype and is characterized by: antenna 1 accessory flagellum 2-articulate; gnathopod 2 palm slightly concave with a stout setae defining palm; coxae 2–5 bilobate. The examined material of Ampithoe robustimana sp. nov. was collected at Pacheco beach, municipality of Caucaia, Ceará state, while type material of Cymadusa ygara sp. nov. is from Icapuí beach, also in Ceará state.

A new amphipod species of the genus Elasmopus Costa, 1853 is described based on material collected from intertidal rocky shore, near the Suape Harbor, coast of the Brazilian state of Pernambuco. The new species may be recognized by the propodus of gnathopod 2 suboval, slightly tapering distally, palmar margin not defined by a stout seta, spine, or palmar corner, with a subdistal blunt tubercle, posterior margin covered by a dense fringe of plumose setae, and posterior margin of basis of pereopod 7 castelloserrate. This is the ninety-fifth species of the genus Elasmopus described worldwide, the most diverse genus in the family Maeridae Krapp-Schickel, 2008, and the eighth species recorded from Brazilian waters. An identification key to Brazilian species of Elasmopusis also provided.Uma nova espécie Amphipoda do gênero Elasmopus Costa, 1853 é descrita com base em material coletado da zona entre marés de um costão rochoso, próximo ao Porto de Suape, costado estado brasileiro de Pernambuco. A nova espécie pode ser reconhecida pelo própodo do gnatópo de 2 suboval, estreitando-se de forma suave distalmente, margem palmar não definida por uma cerda grossa, espinho, ou ângulo palmar, comum tubérculo subdistal não agudo, margem posterior coberta por uma franja densa de cerdas plumosas, e margem posterior da base do pereópodo 7 castelosserrado. Esta é a nonagésima quinta espécie do gênero Elasmopus descrita ao redor do mundo, o mais diverso gênero na família Maeridae Krapp-Schickel, 2008, e a oitava espécie registrada para as águas brasileiras. É fornecida também uma chave de identificação para as espécies brasileiras de Elasmopus.

A new troglobitic species of the amphipod family Artesiidae Holsinger, 1980 is described from a cave in the municipality of Santa Maria da Vitoria, in the Brazilian state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Spelaeogammarus titan sp. nov. differs from the others in the genus by its body length, rising up to 18.3 mm, the antenna 1 with accessory flagellum 6-articulate, propodus of the first gnathopod 1.8 X longer than basis, the largest in the genus, coxa 5 with posterior lobe slightly concave, inner ramus of pleopods with 10 to 13 setae, outer ramus of uropod 3 with 22 simple setae, and telson with 1 apical plus 3 subapical stout setae in each lobe. With this study, the knowledge of Spelaeogammarus is improved to 5 species, all of them exclusive to caves in the northeastern Brazilian state of Bahia. A comparative table with the diagnostic characters of the species of Spelaeogammarus is provided.

Material collected on the central Brazilian coast from the REVIZEE Benthos Program was analyzed and three new species were herein described. Knowledge about sexual dimorphism on Bonassa is improved. The hypothesis of endemism of the genus Amaryllis to Australia is contested with the discovery of a new species of Amaryllis in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. A new species of Lysianassa is described, and its differences to L. brasiliensis are commented too. Lysianopsis concavus Senna, 2007 is herein described with more details in description and figures. The distributions of the described species are given. Keys to identification of Brazilian Lysianassoidea families and Lysianassidae species are presented in this paper. Key-words: Amaryllis, Bonassa, Lysianassa, Lysianopsis, taxonomy, Brazilian province