1. Global incidence of oral and oropharynx cancer in patients younger than 45 years versus older patients: A systematic review.
- Author
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Hussein, Aisha A., Helder, Marco N., de Visscher, Jan G., Leemans, C. René, Braakhuis, Boudewijn J., de Vet, Henrica C.W., and Forouzanfar, Tymour
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HEAD tumors , *MEDLINE , *NECK tumors , *ONLINE information services , *SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *DISEASE incidence , *OROPHARYNGEAL cancer - Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is typically regarded as a disease of elderly people. However, increasing numbers of patients worldwide with HNSCC at younger age (defined as <45 years old) have been reported in recent years. To assess geographical variations and trends worldwide in incidence of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in young patients, a systematic review was conducted in PubMed and Google scholar databases from 1975 to June 2016. Seventy-eight studies were selected for further study. Nineteen population-based studies on incidence rate were available from 13 countries, showing a prominent increase over time except for the Netherlands. A notable rise of oral (mobile) tongue cancer among white women and oropharyngeal cancer in white men was observed. Data suggest that cancer in young patients may be a distinct clinical entity and characterised by different aetiology and pathogenesis. Additionally, the relative proportion of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in young patients to total incidence revealed a significant difference between estimates from North America (5.5%) and both Africa (17.2%) and Middle East (14.5%). It is concluded that (i) a rising trend in oral and oropharynx cancers is observed in young patients worldwide; (ii) incidence studies should properly define outcomes in age cohorts and use a consensus cut-off for young patients; (iii) more population-based studies should be performed in non-Western regions to get accurate global measures of incidence for these cancers in young subpopulations and (iv) there is an urge to identify new aetiological factors in these young patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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