Search

The aim of present study was to determine the antioxidant and anti-mycotoxin activities of crude ethanolic extracts from various organs of Bunium ferulaceum Sm. plant from Western Algeria. Firstly, we proceed to a phytochemical screening of leaves, kernels, and barks of plants. Tests showed the presence of several families of chemical constituents and phenolic compounds. The quantitative estimation of the total phenol content, flavonoids, and coumarins is carried out by colorimetric methods. The important total phenolic contents were found in leaves extract with a TPC value of 51.22 ± 0.46 mg GAE/g, whose flavonoids were revealed to be the main phenolic compounds in this extract and the coumarins in bark extract. The antioxidant activity was estimated by the DPPH method compared to the ascorbic acid antioxidant. The leaves extract showed a good scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 0.11 ± 0.57 mg/ml. Anti-mycotoxin activity are tested against three pathogens fungi produced mycotoxins using mycelial biomass assay and mycotoxigenic test. For all fungi tested, leaves extract showed the most inhibitory activity against Penicillium expansum MTTC 1344 and Aspergillus flavus MTTC 2799 followed by bark extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to isolate and identify different Enterococcus spp. from diverse sources including dromedary raw milk, rhizospheric soil and natural saline water samples and to determine their antimicrobial activities and safety aspects. From these sources, distinct strains of E. faecium, E. durans, E. hirae, and E. gallinarum species were detected. No virulence factors were observed for six Enterococcus strains while none of the tested Enterococci harboured the genes encoding cytolysin and aggregation substance. All tested strains showed a high sensitivity to many antibiotics, particularly vancomycin, and exhibited a remarkable antagonist activity toward Salmonella typhimurium, Fusarium graminearum and Penicillium expansum. PCR testing of enterocins revealed the co-presence of entA and entB among all tested Enterococci. No hemolytic reaction was also detected in Enterococci isolates, except for six strains. Based on these findings, potential candidates for use as biocontrol agents or probiotic starters were selected for further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the postharvest pathogens of apple fruit, Penicillium expansum (P.expansum) is considered to be one of the most common fungal pathogens worldwide. It is the causal agent of blue mold decay; the main serious economically disease of apple fruits, and the main producer of patulin (PAT). The principal objective of this work was to evaluate the aggressiveness and the PAT production of three isolated strains from apples produced in the East of Algeria. These strains were isolated then screened for their inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis (18 mm and 18 mm for S7; 10 mm and 11mm for S3), as well as their ability to cause blue rot (S4). The three strains S7, S3, and S4 (MN904448, MT023795 and MN904449, respectively) were identified as P. expansum by ITS1, ITS4, and ß-tubulin gene sequences analysis. The in vitro ability to produce PAT was confirmed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of strains' crude extracts cultured on YES (Yeast-Extract-Sucrose) medium. Indeed, these strains exhibited a great capacity to cause blue mold decay for all tested apples (26 to 52 mm lesion diameter), after nine days of incubation at 25°C. Apples rotten area analysis that was performed by UPLC analysis revealed that these three strains were able to produce PAT at different concentrations ranging from 0.57 to 469 µg/mL. Thus, these strains constitute a risk to consumer health because these amounts exceed the permissive level of PAT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work was to study for the first time the chemical composition of essential oil and hydrosol extract of Cynoglossum cheirifolium and their antioxidant and antifungal activities. Seventeen components were identified in essential oil, representing 90.6% of the total composition. (E)-phytol (25.1%), dodecanal (10.2%) and hexadecanoic acid (8.5%) were found as the major components. The hydrosol extract was characterized by a high content by 2-pentyl-furan (46.3%) and carvone (23.5%). Hydrosol extract exhibited a very interesting antioxidant profile through DPPH free radical scavenging with IC50 of 18.2 μL/mL almost equal of positive control BHT. The results of antifungal activity revealed that hydrosol extract was more active than the essential oil against Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus niger and Alternaria alternata with inhibition percentages exceeding 89%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study for evaluated of extract of aerial parts of an endemic Saharan African plant Matricaria pubescens (Desf.) Sch. Bip. was examined for radical scavenging capacities and antimicrobials activity. The total of phenolic compounds of the extract was found to be 103.5 mg/g of dry extract. The antioxidant activity determined by the DPPH• method revealed that the extract had the highest antioxidant activity on DPPH• free radicals (97.1%). A significant correlation was observed between total polyphenols and the antioxidant activity. The total antioxidant capacity the inhibition effects of Matricaria pubescens extract on linoleic acid emulsion peroxidation were found to be 94.17% at 2 mg/ml. Also, the strongest antibacterial effect of the extract was recorded against Bacillus subtilus and Candida albicans whereas a mild inhibition was observed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Penicillium expansum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]