Search

Biologics are tremendously efficacious biological molecules that have enabled the treatment of many life-threatening diseases, which have previously been hard to treat. Biosimilars, also known as "follow-on biologics", are highly similar versions of another already approved biologic, called the Reference Product. The European Union has been a pioneer in the regulation of biosimilars. WHO guideline on evaluation of biosimilars published in 2009 was an important landmark in biosimilar regulations worldwide, and several countries have adopted its principles in the development of their own regulatory pathway for the approval of biosimilars. Most countries in the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region still lack official and scientific guidelines for biosimilar approval pathways. This article explores the regulatory situation of biosimilar registration pathways in Algeria and describes the progress made and the regulatory landscape changes for biosimilars in Algeria during the past ten years. Our findings indicate that the development of biosimilar regulation in Algeria went through three major phases between 2006 and 2021, during which there has been much progress in drafting guidance documents for biosimilars. Since 2016, Algeria has used the EMA, FDA and WHO guidelines as the basis for approval of several biosimilars and no national guidelines or regulations have been adopted to date. Additionally, there has been no regulation on substitution/interchangeability. The Algerian regulatory authority has gained considerable experience with approval and use of increasingly complex biosimilars over the past 5 years and has the potential to create its own biosimilar-specific regulatory pathway in the near future., (Copyright © 2021 Académie Nationale de Pharmacie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Preserving the environment is a shared responsibility. Used tires represent an annoying and polluting waste. This article discusses the issue of waste tires in Algeria by defining the used, non-retractable tire. We suggest a model to estimate the number of waste tires in Algeria whose results seem to reflect the quantities of the yearly imported tires by our country. A reading of the Algerian regulations on solid waste management is then proposed. Finally a survey analysing the different recycling procedures for used tires is undertaken where civil engineering remains the most privileged field for tire waste recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]