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In recent years, the protection of PSESP has gradually become a hot issue in biodiversity research. Through the investigation and analysis of PSESP in Xinjiang, it is shown that; (1J there are 75 species of PSESP in Xinjiang, including 22 species of trees, 18 species of shrubs and 35 species of herbs. The habitats are mainly in extremely cold, extremely dry or extremely narrow conditions such as snow line, desert, mountain, wetland and so on. (2) 53 species (70.67%) are listed as national or autonomous region protected plants, and 22 species of PSESP are not listed in the protection; there are 70 species of PSESP listed in the red list, accounting for 93.33%. (3) The PSESP in Xinjiang are mainly distributed in the Altai Mountains, western Tianshan Mountains, Pamir Plateau and Karakoram Mountains; they are distributed in all kinds of nature reserves, forest parks, wetland parks and other natural ecological protection areas in Xinjiang. Ammopiptanihus nanus (M. Pop.) Cheng F., Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) Wight, Calligonum roborovskii A. Los. and Prunus cerasifera Ehrhart have not been found in the literature, indicating that they are distributed in protected areas. In order to provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of biodiversity in Xinjiang, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the protection of PSESP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]