1. Oleispira antarctica gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel hydrocarbonoclastic marine bacterium isolated from Antarctic coastal sea water.
- Author
-
Yakimov MM, Giuliano L, Gentile G, Crisafi E, Chernikova TN, Abraham WR, Lünsdorf H, Timmis KN, and Golyshin PN
- Subjects
- Aerobiosis, Antarctic Regions, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Base Composition, DNA, Ribosomal, Fatty Acids analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Pseudomonadaceae chemistry, Pseudomonadaceae genetics, Pseudomonadaceae growth & development, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Hydrocarbons metabolism, Pseudomonadaceae classification, Seawater microbiology
- Abstract
The taxonomic characteristics of two bacterial strains, RB-8(T) and RB-9, isolated from hydrocarbon-degrading enrichment cultures obtained from Antarctic coastal marine environments (Rod Bay, Ross Sea), were determined. These bacteria were psychrophilic, aerobic and Gram-negative with polar flagella. Growth was not observed in the absence of NaCl, occurred only at concentrations of Na+ above 20 mM and was optimal at an NaCl concentration of 3-5% (w/v). The major cellular fatty acids were monounsaturated straight-chain fatty acids. The strains were able to synthesize the polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (20: 5omega3) at low temperatures. The DNA G + C contents were 41-42 mol%. The strains formed a distinct phyletic line within the gamma-Proteobacteria, with less than 89.6% sequence identity to their closest relatives within the Bacteria with validly published names. Both isolates exhibited a restricted substrate profile, with a preference for aliphatic hydrocarbons, that is typical of marine hydrocarbonoclastic micro-organisms such as Alcanivorax, Marinobacter and Oleiphilus. On the basis of ecophysiological properties, G + C content, 16S rRNA gene sequences and fatty acid composition, a novel genus and species within the gamma-Proteobacteria are proposed, Oleispira antarctica gen. nov., sp. nov.; strain RB-8(T) (= DSM 14852(T) = LMG 21398(T)) is the type strain.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF