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Introduction: The obsessive-compulsive disorder is one of the most severe and disabling psychiatric disorders that often causes waste of time and significant problems to the normal process of life, job performance, social activities and personal relationships. This study was conducted aimed at investigating the role of parenting styles and tolerance of ambiguity in predicting obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in university students. Materials and Methods: This study uses a descriptive correlational method. The statistical population included all students of the Islamic Azad University of Ardabil amounting to almost 13000 individuals. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 students of the Islamic Azad University who had obsessivecompulsive symptoms and were selected by the multi-stage random sampling. In collecting the data, the Maudsley obsessivecompulsive inventory, parenting styles, tolerance of ambiguity and Brunswick questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed using the Pearson's correlation coefficient and the multiple regression method. Results: The results showed that obsession had a significant negative correlation with the tolerance of ambiguity and a significant positive correlation with the domineering parenting style. The results of the analysis also showed that domineering parenting practices predict obsession in students. Conclusion: From the study results, it is concluded that parents' parenting styles, tolerance for ambiguity and the signs of obsessive attention to factors affecting these variables can help people improve their health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]