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This study aims to examine the impact of industrial growth, agricultural value added, economic growth, and renewable energy consumption on environmental pollution in South and East Asian countries using panel ARDL approach over the period 1970-2020. Furthermore, the impact of institutional quality in this relationship is uniquely explored. Baseline model suggests that environmental damage is exacerbated by agricultural value added and industrial growth in the long run, but not in the short run. The relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions is an obvious inverted U-shaped link in the long run, but it is a U-shaped association in the short run. Renewable energy consumption has significant adverse effects on environmental pollution both in the short and long term. In the long run, institutional quality plays a stronger moderating role in the association between baseline regressors and environmental pollution. Also, institutional quality helps to expand the ability of industry and agriculture to improve environmental quality. Lastly, the threshold results reflect that the impact of regressors on environmental degradation is penetrating into the level of institutional quality. The strong progressive effects of agricultural and industrial growth on environmental degradation are more similar to the existing literature in the long term, but not in the short term. In addition, the long-term condensation effect of renewable energy on CO 2 emissions and the enhancing effect of economic growth on CO 2 emissions are relatively similar to existing literature. In contrast to weak institutional quality, strong institutions can improve the ability of agriculture and industry to reduce environmental damage., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background and Purpose: To examine sex differences in disease profiles and short-term outcomes after acute ischemic stroke treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator., Methods: Eight national and regional stroke registries contributed individual participant data from mainland China, Japan, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan in 2005-2018. The primary outcome was ordinal-modified Rankin scale at 90 days. Key safety outcome was symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH)., Results: Of 4453 patients included in the analyses, 1692 (36.3%) were women who were older, more likely to have a more severe neurological deficit, history of hypertension and atrial fibrillation, and a cardioembolic stroke compared to men. Women were more likely than men to have unfavorable shift of modified Rankin scale (fully adjusted odds ratio) (women vs. men) 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.28). There was no significant sex difference for death 1.05 (0.84-1.31) or sICH (1.17, 0.89-1.54). Women were more likely to have unfavorable functional outcome with increasing age (P = 0.022 for interaction). In the age groups 70-80 and ≥80 years, women had a worse functional outcome compared to men (1.22, 1.02-1.47 and 1.43, and 1.06-1.92, respectively)., Conclusion: In this pooled data from Asian acute stroke registries, women had poorer prognosis than men after receiving recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke, which worsened with age. Women older than 70 appear to have a worse outcome than men which could be explained by greater stroke severity, more AF, and cardioembolic stroke.