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The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a very valuable horticultural crop that is produced all over the world and has a significant economic impact in Asia. Several biotic and abiotic stresses (soil-borne and foliar diseases, insect pests, drought, salt, heat, and frost) severely damage the crop, however, pose a serious threat to its output. As a result, it's crucial to make efforts to introduce valuable resistance genes into tomato from their wild relatives. This study analyzed the growth of inter and intra- specific tomato hybrids to determine the high-quality hybrids. By crossing wild (S. pimpinellifolium PI1, PI4) and domesticated tomato (S. Lycopersicum LY13, LY4, LY26, LY9, and LY11) and S. Lycopersicum cv micro-tom LY15) species, hybrids of tomato plants produced by interspecific. For morphological characteristics, the fruit weight of tomato hybrids results intermediate among prenatal lines. Results towards number of fruits per turs also show intermediate findings but LY13 X PI4 show lesser number of fruits per truss in hybrids on the same hand LY15 XLY4 show high yield and maximum number of fruits as compared to parents. Despite of fact that the wild parent male had a strong influence on hybrids for numerous morphological traits like fruit set per truss, fruit diameter, leaf length, and fruit yield. After crossing with wild cultivars, F1 tomato hybrids also had biochemical traits in reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, total sugar, total soluble solids, and lycopene, which were improved in cultivated tomato. The wild type of tomato played a significant part in raising the lycopene content in hybrids. Therefore, it is considered that this research would expand the gene pool available for tomato breeding globally, enabling it to better adapt to climate change and withstand biotic and abiotic stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccination of the foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus needs the examination of the prevalent virus serotypes in the area. The current cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bahawalpur district of Punjab, Pakistan, with the purpose to determine the prevalence of FMD virus serotypes Asia 1, O and A in bovines. A total of 838 bovine sera samples were tested through Solid phase competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (SPC-ELISA), based on structural proteins at the National Veterinary Laboratory (NVL), Islamabad from 10 January 2021 to 09 January 2022. The overall bovine population was carrying maximum seroprevalence of serotype O (28.52%) followed by serotype Asia 1 (23.63%) and serotype A (13.6%) in district Bahawalpur. Majority of the bovine population (50.26%) was detected seropositive for type O of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDv) followed by serotype Asia 1 with (37.17%) in tehsil Ahmedpur East and type A with 21.83% prevalence in tehsil Bahawalpur. Moreover, it was emphasized that seropositive cases of type O (42.88%), Asia 1(36.69%) and type A (21.33%) were significantly higher in vaccinated bovine group as compared to non-vaccinated bovine with (12.93%), (9.45%) and (5.22%) respectively across the district. More specifically the cow population was carrying maximum seroprevalence of type O with (60.55%) compared to buffalo with (36.58%). It was concluded that serotype O was more prevalent in district Bahawalpur followed by serotype Asia 1 and serotype A and cow population was found more susceptible than buffalo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]