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Abstract The leaf rust resistance gene Lr19 , transferred from Agropyron elongatum into wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) imparts resistance to all pathotypes of leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici ) in South-east Asia. A segregating F2 population from a cross between the leaf rust resistant parent ‘HW 2046’ carrying Lr19 and a susceptible parent ‘Agra Local’ was screened in the phytotron against a virulent pathotype 77-5 of leaf rust with the objective of identifying the molecular markers linked to Lr19 . The gene was first tagged with a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker S73728 . The RAPD marker linked to the gene Lr19 which mapped at 6.4 ± 0.035 cM distance, was converted to a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. The SCAR marker (SCS73719 ) was specific to Lr19 and was not amplified in the near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying other equally effective alien genes Lr9 , Lr28 and Lr32 enabling breeders to pyramid Lr19 with these genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"In this paper an attempt has been made to assess the pattern of social mobilization, and also to identify the heterogeneity profile of the different states of the Indian union." Interstate migration flows are analyzed, and open or hospitable states are compared with insular ones in terms of net migration hospitality ratios. Findings indicate that geographical and cultural proximity of states encourages migration and thus integration. Data are from the 1961 and 1971 national censuses., (excerpt)