Search

Coniogramme intermedia Hieron. is a morphologically distinctive species in the genus. It is identified by lanceolate pinnules with serrated margins, free veins, hydathodes extending into teeth, and laminae abaxially hairy. It is mainly distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia. Herein, we report the first complete chloroplast genome sequence of C. intermedia. Also, it is the opening one of the genus Coniogramme Fée. The chloroplast genome sequence is 153,561 bp in length. The genome has a typical quadripartite structure, including a large single-copy (LSC) region of 82,817 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 21,236 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 24,754bp each. The total GC content is 45.0%. The complete plastome sequence contains 114 genes, including, 81 protein-coding, 29 tRNA, and four rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis of Pteridaceae based on the complete chloroplast genomes was also presented in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Quercetin and catechin have excellent nutritional as well as therapeutic value. • Kaempferol and resveratrol have shown excellent anti-proliferative activities via P13K/Akt and MAPK blockage. • The anti-proliferative mechanism also involved reduction in levels of NRF2 and NFκB. • Cardio protection involved low oxidation of LDL and HDL proteins. • Grape polyphenols inhibit α-glucosidase to control diabetes. The intake of herbal dietary constituents, mostly fruits and vegetables, have been considered well-known to prevent pathologies (degenerative diseases). Consumer awareness/concern regarding a balanced diet has increased their importance in the food chain. Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), being native to the Mediterranean region, central Europe, and southwest Asia, is a rich source of nutritive (sugar, vitamins, minerals) and non-nutritive/therapeutic or functional bioactive compounds like quercetin, resveratrol and epigallocatechin-3-gallate that could synergistically help in health promotion. Their disease prevention mechanisms are free radical scavenging, DNA damage repair, and modulation of gene expression in proliferation, metabolism, cell survival, and antioxidant defense. This review provides an excellent summary of grape phytochemicals in vivo molecular mechanisms that lead to health promotion by avoiding oxidative stress-related pathologies like cancer, neurodegeneration, metabolic syndrome, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Grape intake-driven disease-preventing mechanism/targets could help to synchronize for an improved efficacy in human pathologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]