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The amino acid sequence of a previously undescribed toxin from Australian death adder venom (Acanthophis antarcticus) has been elucidated. It appears to exist in two forms which are separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, but which have the same sequence and mol. wt. It has 79 amino acid residues and is therefore longer than other long postsynaptic neurotoxins. It shows homology with the conserved regions of the other long postsynaptic neurotoxins except for three unique substitutions of conserved residues, which are Arg-29 instead of Trp or Phe, Leu-33 instead of Arg and Thr-43 instead of Ala.