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Teachers do not simply deliver a set curriculum, but carry out classes based on practical knowledge, including their values, beliefs, and experiences. Therefore, it is meaningful to investigate the practical knowledge of teaching among teachers in terms of orientation, structure, and content in order to understand the teacher's knowledge, conflicts, and trial and error experiences in the classroom. In this study, we explored the practical knowledge of a teacher conducting SSI-STEAM classes themed on climate change. In the specific context of SSI-STEAM classes, it was possible to understand how the teacher organized climate change classes and guided the actions of students in action-oriented classes. In addition, we expect that this study, which examines the practical knowledge of a novice teacher, will serve as the first step in narrowing the gap in SSI-STEAM education between pre-service teacher education and actual school classroom experience.

Objective: We evaluated the decrease in chest compression depth during continuous one-handed chest compression (OHCC) in an in-hospital paediatric arrest setting, and whether switching hands could delay the decrease in chest compression depth. Methods: In total, 30 healthcare providers were randomised into groups A and B. Group A performed test 1 (chest compressors alternated hands every 30 s in 2 min of OHCC), followed by test 2 (chest compressors used one hand for 2 min without switching to the other hand) and group B, vice versa. Participants performed 2 min continuous OHCC on a paediatric manikin on a bed. Mean compression depth (MCD) and mean compression rate (MCR) were analysed at 30 s intervals. Results: The MCDs in 30 s intervals changed significantly with time passed in tests 1 and 2 (0-30 s: 43.4 ± 7.4 vs 42.8 ± 7.6 mm, 30-60 s: 42.8 ± 8.7 vs 40.3 ± 8.8 mm, 60-90 s: 40.5 ± 8.9 vs 38.2 ± 9.6 mm, 90-120 s: 40.2 ± 10.2 vs 36.9 ± 9.7 mm; P < 0.01). However, with the exception of the first 30 s interval, MCD in test 1 showed significantly higher values than in test 2 (P < 0.05). The MCRs in 30 s intervals did not change significantly with time passed in all tests and were not different between the two tests. All hand-off times measured during switching hands in test 1 were less than 1 s. Conclusions: Chest compression depth decreased significantly when continuous OHCC was performed without switching hands. Alternating hands every 30 s can delay the decrease in MCD and maintain deeper MCD for longer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]