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Objectives: To produce national clinical norms for WASC-Y, examine the internal consistency of the WASC-Y scales, compare scores from a clinical sample with previously published community sample data, and test the degree to which other scales predict the Suicide Scale. Method: We analysed WASC-Y data from 1226 Aboriginal youth who had presented to mental health services between 2007 and 2022 and compared their scores to the original community norms. Results: Our sample shows a higher level of mental health risk than does the normative sample that varied according to gender. We found high levels of suicidal behaviour in the clinical sample: 41.5% admitted to thoughts of suicide and 25.0% reported one or more suicide attempts. One in 23 reported a high likelihood that they would attempt suicide again. Knowing someone who has suicided was associated with higher Suicide Risk. Linear modelling showed that Suicide Risk is predicted by a combination of all other WASC-Y scales and gender, with females at higher risk than males. There is emerging evidence that Cultural Resilience provides some mitigation of Suicide Risk. Conclusions: Our data provide the first culturally and psychometrically valid national mental health profile of Aboriginal youth accessing mental health services, including separate clinical norms for males and females. Aboriginal youth present with serious levels of suicide and mental health risk that urgently require improved access to clinically and culturally competent services. Our findings provide evidence of construct validity, in that scale scores showed meaningful associations with each other and with other variables in expected ways. Key Points: What is already known about this topic: The WASC-Y stands alone as a culturally valid, psychometrically sound, and clinically valid screening tool to assess Aboriginal youths' suicide risk, mental health risk, and cultural resilience. WASC-Y norms were derived from a non-clinical sample of 13- to 17-year-old school students in Western Australia. Clinical norms for WASC-Y are needed. What this paper adds: We now have separate clinical norms for male and female Aboriginal youth that show high rates of suicidal ideation and behaviour. Suicidal ideation and behaviour are significantly higher among Aboriginal youth who know someone close to them who has suicided than among those who do not. Linear modelling indicates that scores on the Suicide Scale are best predicted by a combination of all other WASC-Y scales and gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autistic children and adolescents experience a range of co-morbidities, including diagnoses of mental illness. Animal-assisted therapies have advanced rapidly over recent years as an effective and accessible intervention for autistic children and adolescents with various health issues. Horses offer a unique opportunity for interaction as the young person can physically ride the animal, thus creating a therapy with different physical interactions from other animals. This qualitative study had two main aims: first, to understand parents' experiences of their autistic child's involvement with horse-based therapies; and second, to understand the experiences of the staff of organisations offering horse-based therapies to those on the autism spectrum. Twelve interviews were conducted with six parents across four interviews (four mothers and two fathers), and eight staff of equine therapy services in eight individual interviews, to understand their perceptions of the child's experience with horse riding and the perceived mental health impacts. Three emergent themes were prominent among parents and service providers alike: physical and social benefits, including health, self-management skills and social skills; protecting mental health; and recommendations for improvements and accessibility of horse-based therapies. Specifically, service providers with long-standing associations with horse-based therapies saw the actual and potential benefits of horse-based therapies for autistic children, particularly in promoting happiness, calm, resilience, and good mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indigenous communities, linguists, teachers, and language activists have been developing methods to revitalise endangered languages over several decades. Not only are these methods diverse, they are usually implemented in various ways according to local needs and aspirations. Language revitalisation methods focus on proficiency, but there is also interest in strengthening identity, resilience, and wellbeing. Aside from a handful of successes, programs may not be achieving desired outcomes. One could try to evaluate specific programs. However, we believe that a necessary first step is to examine published literature of revitalisation efforts to develop initial understandings of how they work. In particular, we seek to understand how revitalisation efforts tap into the speech community, how local participation affects outcomes, and how this involvement is supported and sustained by external programs, with a focus on language revitalisation efforts in Australia. We conduct a realist synthesis, and through analysis of 125 pieces of literature, we identify 13 initial theories. In analysing these theories, we identify two major gaps in our understanding of language revitalisation: how revitalisation programs work to strengthen communities and promote commitment. We propose these as significant, under-theorised elements of successful revitalisation which can guide exploration at the level of individual programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High child protection caseworker turnover diminishes care quality. While burnout is acknowledged, the impact of protective factors is unclear. This study examines caseworkers' burnout, individual resilience's protective role, and strategies for curbing turnover and preserving work-life balance. Results indicate that personal, work, and client-related subscales correlate highly. The moderating effect of resilience on burnout was significant yet marginal. Maintaining boundaries was the primary core theme reported in relation to strategies to maintain work-life balance. The results of this study highlight potentially modifiable factors likely to reduce caseworker turnover. Findings support the need for a collective re-evaluation of resilience as an individual responsibility to something that can be supported and fostered within the workplace for increasing employee retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Camp-based reunification is a developmentally informed approach to strengthen the relationships of siblings in out-of-home care. Little is known about the collective impact of these programs, or if there is a benefit to multiple camp experiences. To address this, data were collected from 2,260 youth who were campers at one of 16 sibling reunification programs in the U.S. or Australia between 2013-2019. Increases in resilience, decreases in sibling support, and decreases in sibling conflict were observed among first-time campers. For repeat campers, changes to resilience were greatest during youths' first year of camp. Recommendations for research and practice are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tertiary education students experience higher levels of distress than the general public and their age-matched peers. Preventive health programs targeting tertiary education students are needed to combat high levels of distress in this population. This article investigates strengths-based theories of resilience which state that improvements in coping with stress also improve resilience. It utilized hierarchical regression to determine the amount of variance in mental health and resilience outcomes associated with the stress management resources, namely paying attention to the present moment (mindfulness) and engaging in personally meaningful activities (engagement), in a sample of 1,072 Australian tertiary education students. The results found that mindfulness and engagement are negatively associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety and positively associated with psychological well-being and resilience in tertiary education students. We also found that the amount of variance in mental health outcomes associated with engagement and mindfulness is additive. When a second stress management resource was added to the modeling, the amount of variance in the measured mental health outcomes explained by the coping resources increased. These findings help to provide a conceptual framework that can be used to design resilience training programs in tertiary education students to address the high levels of mental health disorder in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Students can expect to experience stressors associated with their studies that can have detrimental effects on their mental well‐being if not properly managed. Drawing on a positive psychology paradigm, protective factors can help students to counter study‐related stressors and contribute to their mental well‐being and academic success. The relationship between protective factors, such as maintaining perspective and building networks, with stress severity and positive mental well‐being was examined in a sample of Australian university students undertaking postgraduate coursework. Methods: Students completed a survey measuring stress from the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), positive mental well‐being from the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well‐being Scale (SWEMWBS), and seven protective factors from the Resilience at University (RAU) scale. Bivariate correlations were calculated for the RAU protective factors with stress and mental well‐being. ANOVA examined the RAU protective factors in relation to mental well‐being and stress severity groupings. Results: All seven protective factors had a positive and significant relationship with positive mental well‐being, and six of the seven protective factors had a negative and significant relationship with stress. A statistically significant difference was found for six of the seven RAU protective factors according to mental well‐being group, and three of the seven RAU protective factors group according to stress severity group. A linear effect emerged between level of protective factor and mental well‐being group, with participants in the high well‐being group having the highest level of protective factors. Conclusion: Universities should focus on the development of protective factors to support students' well‐being and help them to flourish in their studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Health services rely upon carers to provide care for loved ones with cancer, yet many carers often feel ill‐prepared for this role. Despite a multitude of programmes to support carer mental health, programmes that help carers feel better equipped to support a person with cancer are lacking. This study aimed to address this need by adapting an evidence‐based intervention to be suitable for carers of people with cancer. Methods: This study used an exploratory, qualitative design consisting of experienced‐based co‐design and an in‐depth stakeholder engagement strategy. An existing evidence‐based programme to promote resilience in the context of providing care was adapted for relevance to carers for people with cancer via two co‐design workshops with carers and healthcare professionals (n = 8). The resulting prototype programme was refined based on stakeholder consultations with staff and consumer members of cancer and carer support organisations across Australia (n = 16). Transcripts of the workshops, meetings and written feedback from carers were thematically analysed. Results: Major programme developments were guided by three themes that emerged from the co‐design workshops: 'creating value for carers', 'multiple contributors to carer distress' and 'the need for flexible implementation'. Analysis of the stakeholder consultation data showed that the themes of 'diversity in carer journeys' and 'creating impact for carers' were key to further tailoring the programme for applicability to practice. An adapted programme called 'iCanSupport' resulted from the process, with key adaptations being more relevant case study scenarios for carers and greater flexibility in accessing and engaging with the intervention to accommodate a range of carer circumstances. Conclusion: Programmes to build skills for becoming a carer for someone with cancer are absent, yet they are desired by carers. Using co‐design provided a user‐centric approach to adapt an existing evidence‐based programme. Programme evaluation is required to determine the effectiveness of the co‐designed approach in improving carer preparedness among a range of cohorts. Patient or Public Contribution: Carers and consumers with lived experience and others involved in supporting consumers made valuable contributions to co‐designing and refining the programme in addition to providing ongoing guidance in the unfolding analysis and reporting of this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the following we introduce a special issue of the journal Woman & Therapy, titled Women in Their 80s and 90s: Positively Vital. Our intent has been to provide a balance to the prevailing literature on older women which tends to present a negative view of the trials and tribulations of old age. We believe that this information is vital not just for old women but also for feminist psychologists who work with this population and for the world at large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to examine changes in the demographics and regions of work of Australian doctors over a period of 9 years. Methods: A retrospective study of Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) registration data was performed. Data were sourced from the Health Workforce Dataset Online Data Tool which was derived from annual registration data from AHPRA for 2013–2022. The demographic factors analysed were gender, age, and origin of qualification. Regions of work were defined using the Modified Monash (MM) model. Results: The number of registered doctors increased from 82,408 in 2013 to 111,908 in 2022 but mean hours worked per week decreased from 41 to 39 leading up to 2020. Trends in age and origin of qualification remained stable, but the proportion of female workers increased from 38.5% in 2013 to 44.5% in 2022. While female hours per week (~37) were consistent from 2013 to 2020, male hours per week decreased from 43 to 41. The number of registrations and total full-time equivalent (FTE) outcomes increased consistently in metropolitan (MM1) and rural (MM2–5) regions but did not increase for remote and very remote (MM6–7) regions. Conclusion: The Australian medical workforce both grew and changed between 2013 and 2022. An overall decrease in mean hours worked appears to be driven by a decline in hours worked by male workers and the increased proportion of female workers. While increased gender parity and a decrease in hours worked per week were positive outcomes, a lack of growth in the medical workforce was noted in remote and very remote regions of Australia. What is known about the topic? Changes in the medical workforce over time are likely to impact health service delivery. What does this paper add? This paper examined changes in the gender, age, origin of qualification, and the region of work of Australia's medical workforce from 2013 to 2022. What are the implications for practitioners? An increase in gender parity and a decrease in the mean hours worked suggests improvements in workforce participation and sustainability, but lack of growth in medical workforce was noted in remote and very remote regions of Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The 5 + 1 Collaboration is an initiative where five teaching hospitals and a leading Melbourne university collaborate to promote and strengthen research, clinical practice in health social work, teaching, and collaboration. This collaboration fosters greater connection between academics, practitioners, and social work students. The 5 + 1 Collaboration provides a unique platform for the advancement of effective practice, practice-driven research, and student field education placements. Method: In a prospective study (2020 through 2021), employing the 5 + 1 model, at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, over 100 frontline hospital social workers from five Melbourne hospitals participated in this study to determine, in detail, how the pandemic had affected their work. Results: This provided at a granular level, significant insights relating to the impact of the pandemic on the provision of social work services in the acute hospital setting. Additionally, during the study period, academic social work student placements were made at the five participating hospitals, with the students actively participating as part of the research team and providing feedback about their own experiences. Discussion: The study documented the challenges to hospital social work practice because of the pandemic, how hospital social workers rose to the challenges, and, importantly, adapted their practice and acquired new skills. This information may inform future hospital social work practice. The study also demonstrated that effective on-line student placements were possible, even in the setting of a pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Emergency and disaster management planning is an emerging role with limited practical guidance on how it should be implemented by community, disability, health and rehabilitation service providers. This study examined the emergency preparedness of service providers and how they viewed their role and contributions to disaster risk reduction, including their capacity and willingness to facilitate preparedness planning with their clients. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was developed and administered nationally. Descriptive statistics, multivariate regression analyses, and thematic analysis of open-ended questions provide insight on the knowledge, tools and training needs of service providers to contribute to preparedness of themselves and the people they support. Results: Facilitating emergency preparedness with people with disability was strongly associated with a high level of mental preparedness, household preparedness scores, and completion of Person-Centred Emergency Preparedness (P-CEP) training. Perceived lack of funding, insufficient tools, and exclusion of emergency planning from job descriptions were negatively associated with facilitating emergency preparedness with clients. Conclusions: Study findings lay the groundwork for development of the role and capabilities of individual service providers including the need to equip disability, health and rehabilitation service providers with training and tools to prepare themselves and the people they support for emergencies. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Participation in emergency training such as psychological first aid, evacuation drills, and Person-Centred Emergency Preparedness (P-CEP) can increase the personal preparedness of service providers. Rehabilitation professionals are advised to develop their capabilities in emergency preparedness before facilitating emergency planning with their clients. Rehabilitation professionals should connect with their local emergency services to learn about disaster risks and preparedness actions they can take to increase personal emergency preparedness for themselves and their clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational systems in Australia are currently in a state of flux and disruption, with student mental health and engagement at crisis levels. Educators need help keeping students engaged and providing the skills and competencies to navigate uncertain futures. Addressing this challenge, our study examines a proposed set of meta‐competencies (or systemic competencies) required for a systems reboot within our educational institutions. These meta‐competencies are agency, adaptability, creativity, compassion, interbeing, self‐awareness and reflexivity. This study analyses the application of these meta‐competencies for transformative resilience or transilience in a secondary school setting, examining how systems awareness and self‐awareness cannot be separated from the rest of the curricula. Using participatory action research methodologies and awareness‐based systems change, this research demonstrates that agency, self‐awareness and systems awareness can engage students in profound ways to create a new generation of systemic changemakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify perceived barriers and enablers for rural women in accessing perinatal care within their own community from the perspective of perinatal health care providers. Design: A qualitative descriptive study design utilising reflexive thematic analysis, using the socioecological framework to organise and articulate findings. Setting: Victoria, Australia. Participants: Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with nine perinatal health care providers who provide care to pregnant women or new mothers in rural communities. Participants were recruited across Victoria in 2023. Results: Providers reported multi‐level barriers and enablers that exist for rural women in accessing perinatal care within their communities. Barriers included women's personal circumstances, challenging professional relationships, inequitable service provision, ineffective collaboration between services and clinicians and government funding models and policies. Enablers included strength and resilience of rural women, social capital within rural communities, flexible care delivery and innovative practice, rural culture and continuity of care models. Conclusion: Rural perinatal health care providers perceived that rural women face multiple barriers that are created or sustained by complex interpersonal, organisational, community and policy factors that are intrinsic to rural health care delivery. Several addressable factors were identified that create unnecessary barriers for rural women in engaging with perinatal care. These included education regarding health systems, rights and expectations, equitable distribution of perinatal services, improved interprofessional relationships and collaborative approaches to care and equity‐based funding models for perinatal services regardless of geographical location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasingly complex practice contexts challenge social workers' resilience, impacting workforce attraction and retention. This study comprised longitudinal and qualitative research to understand what influences professional resilience development, maintenance and integration. Purposive sampling resulted in the inclusion of 23 participants from eight Australian universities. Interviews occurred when the participants were students nearing the completion of a Master of Social Work (Qualifying) degree and again after approximately six months of post-qualifying practice. The results reveal social workers' resilience develops over time through processing experiences that occur within contexts and shape professional identity. Supportive relationships are integral to this process, becoming protective resources during adversity. In universities and human service organisations, relationships with peers, teams, direct line managers, and supervisors are crucial for enabling insight and growth through critically reflecting on experiences and understanding their impact on professional identity formation and resilience. A disparity emerged between the expectation of available resources as a student and the reality as a newly qualified social worker. The relational nature of resilience has implications for educating social work students and preparing them for practice realities, organisations seeking to sustain a resilient workforce, and practitioners who navigate these complex contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Australia has limited supports to help families where Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) impacts children and young people. National Organisation for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Australia (NOFASD), in conjunction with the University of Otago, New Zealand, piloted and established a 7-week online program to assist caregivers to develop strategies and supports to help their families live well in a disabling society. The online program, Families Linking with Families (FLWF), was delivered to 88 caregivers. They participated in the weekly 90-minute online program of talks, activities, and interactive conversations. A brief evaluation was undertaken. Participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the content and helpfulness of FLWF. FLWF helped caregivers increase their knowledge of, and skills in, parenting children with FASD, and equipped caregivers to nurture positive peer-to-peer relationships. Specialist FASD caregiver education and support programs are beneficial for caregivers who care for children and youth with FASD. Further research through a randomised control trial could establish the efficacy of the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Australia is already experiencing climate change losses and damages. Australian governments and other institutional actors acknowledge vulnerability, yet they centre building resilience to climate change. Resilience is frequently used as a synonym for vulnerability reduction, but important ideological differences exist. Indeed, scholars have suggested that resilience, as a politico-ideological tool of subject formation, can be considered a type of governmentality. While there is much research on the political and ideological dimensions of resilience, there is less focus on illuminating how resilience, as a form of climate governmentality, interacts with vulnerability to climate change. Drawing on a climate ethnography in regional Australia, I ask how do resilience discourses and interventions influence vulnerability to climate change in regional Australia? To answer this question, I explore examples of the historical–structural, intersectional and psychosocial determinants of vulnerability, identify key resilience discourses and interventions and examine how, what I term, climate resilience governmentality is influencing vulnerability to climate change. Unable to identify clear causality, I instead show how resilience governmentality is working to reinforce rather than redress the root causes of vulnerability in regional Australia. I observe that resilience discourses emphasise shared responsibility, but in practice, this translates into a focus on individual capacities. Subjects' psychological dispositions are targeted and neoliberal rationalities are desired outcomes. Climate resilience governmentality is not linked to a withdrawal of the state. Instead, it is a top-down process based on government prioritisation, subject formation strategies and the building of non-governmental institutional landscapes to provide services. I argue that climate resilience governmentality is a form of governmental gaslighting because it denies the lived experiences of precarity, insecurity and structural violence throughout regional Australia. I suggest that significant government investment in regional communities, critical societal reflection and truth-telling are urgently needed to reduce vulnerability in regional Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds experience poorer outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI), including poorer quality of life. The reasons for these poorer outcomes are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to qualitatively investigate the experience of injury, rehabilitation, and recovery amongst individuals from a CALD background following TBI. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted, and qualitatively analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. It was demonstrated that: (a) the cognitive and behavioural consequences of TBI were accompanied by stigma and loss of independence; (b) participants held many beliefs related to their TBI, ranging from bad luck to acceptance. Participants' personal values and beliefs provided strength and resilience, with many viewing the injury as a positive event in their lives; (c) participants were appreciative of the high standard of care they received in hospital and rehabilitation, although communication barriers were experienced; (d) many participants identified with Australian culture, and few believed their cultural background negatively impacted their experience of TBI; (e) external support, particularly from family, was considered central to recovery. These findings offer insight into the challenges CALD individuals face and factors that may facilitate their recovery and improve functional outcomes. Access to family support is very important to individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. Education of family and close others is important to minimise stigma following TBI. Healthcare services should provide competent and qualified interpreters for individuals with TBI who cannot speak English. Rehabilitation professionals should receive cultural competency training, to maximise cultural sensitivity of their care provision to individuals from CALD backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence supports the effectiveness of self‐reflective training approaches for the development of resilience. Building this work, the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the focus of coping self‐reflective activities on resilience by applying a self‐reflection approach to a sample of 254 Australian ministry workers. This randomized controlled trial included three attention‐matched conditions: (1) self‐reflective writing focused on successful coping, (2) self‐reflective writing focused on unsuccessful coping or (3) written descriptions of stressor events alone. Participants were assessed across four time points: prior to, immediately post, 3‐months, and 6‐months after the intervention. Results demonstrated that self‐reflective writing was more effective in enhancing perceived resilience than descriptive writing. Analyses also showed greater maintenance of beneficial effects in the successful self‐reflection condition, compared to the unsuccessful condition. These findings support the use of self‐reflection training to strengthen individuals' psychological resilience, particularly when focused on successful coping situations for those who initially experience more ruminative thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Dietitians work in high‐pressure environments and student dietitians attend placement in these settings. Resilience is a personal quality that can buffer against the stressors of professional placement; however, little is known about how dietetics students learn resilience. This study aimed to describe how resilience is embedded within Australian and New Zealand dietetics curricula. Methods: This three‐phased qualitative study examined 18 credentialed dietetics education programs in Australia (n = 16) and New Zealand (n = 2). In Phase 1 (document analysis), publicly available curricular documents were screened for key resilience terms. In Phase 2, academics were invited to participate in a semi‐structured interview on Microsoft Teams to verify and advance upon documentary evidence. Extracted data were combined and evaluated according to Bloom's Taxonomy in Phase 3. Results: Fifty‐six courses were found to have documented mentions of resilience factors from dietetics programs in Australia and New Zealand. Academics from 14 universities (12 Australia and 2 New Zealand) were interviewed. Three themes were identified from Phase 3: Resilience is valuable content within a dietetics degree, Resilience can be taught indirectly throughout programs and Resilience education is not static. Resilience education was mostly taught by academic dietitians in courses prior to placement and assessed by students completing self‐reflection while on placement. The documentation of resilience within learning objectives and graduate attributes varied between universities. Conclusion: While all dietetics programs included some resilience curricula, academics acknowledged that resilience content and their own knowledge base could be strengthened. The findings provide direction for program improvements and further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is global recognition that mental health nursing can be stressful and have detrimental effects on nurses' well‐being and retention. With substantial nursing shortages, there is an urgent need to attract and retain nurses to sustain this workforce and provide effective mental healthcare. Mental health transition programs provide vital recruitment pathways and support novice registered nurses, enrolled nurses and experienced registered generalist nurses moving into this field. There is little evidence, however, on the well‐being, resilience, and retention of nurses transitioning into mental health. The primary aims for this cross‐sectional study were to describe demographic characteristics, perceived stress, well‐being, resilience, mental illness stigma attitudes, work satisfaction, and turnover intention of four nurse cohorts entering mental health transition programs: generalist registered nurses, graduate and post‐graduate registered nurses, and enrolled nurses; to explore relationships between these variables; and explore differences between these four nurse cohorts. Findings (n = 87) included overall moderate perceived stress, moderate well‐being and resilience, high work satisfaction, low stigma, and low turnover intention. Higher turnover intention was associated with lower age and work satisfaction, and higher perceived stress. Generalist RNs had significantly higher stress and stigmatizing attitudes than Enrolled Nurses. Secondary analysis of well‐being scores identified 14 nurses with scores indicating depression, with significantly lower resilience and work satisfaction, and significantly higher stress than the rest of the sample. To help prevent attrition, it is vital that mental health services provide tailored well‐being initiatives during transition and intervene early to provide support for nurses with mental distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High staff turnover is common within the Australian public mental health workforce, contributing to workforce shortages and ultimately impacting the ability to provide stable efficient, effective, and ongoing optimal care to the community. In this study, we aimed to (a) establish the most pertinent factors associated with increased turnover intention in the public mental health workforce in Australia, and (b) establish whether such factors differ between metropolitan and rural services. We used a cross‐sectional, correlational design using an online survey method. In total, 235 mental health service staff of various disciplines and levels, from four public hospitals in Victoria, Australia participated in the study. We used three feed‐forward multiple regression analyses to assess the study aims. We found that job satisfaction, occupational burnout, and understaffing may be the most pertinent factors to consider regarding turnover intention. Job satisfaction and occupational burnout were factors endorsed across the entire sample, as well as specifically within both the metropolitan and rural services, while understaffing was a pertinent factor regarding turnover intention across the entire sample and for rural services, but not metropolitan services. Our findings regarding the pertinence of job satisfaction, occupational burnout, and understaffing in turnover intention provide key information that may be used to inform interventional targets aimed at reducing attrition from the public mental health workforce in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human service context is a complex space for social workers and service users, bringing both challenges and opportunities. The ability to navigate challenges is essential for social workers to appropriately support clients and maintain longevity in human service work. Practitioners are expected to possess resilience to mitigate these challenges. Social workers are familiar with the concept of resilience in relation to work with clients. However, it is important they develop their own resilience to withstand industry pressure and build professional identity resilience (PIR). In this article, we drew on an Australian grounded theory PhD study that explored the experience of professional identity development (PID) for newly graduated social workers, specifically the challenges they faced in relation to PID and the link between professional identity and resilience. PIR emerged as a key concept in the process of forming a social work professional identity and seven protective factors were identified that support the development of PIR. IMPLICATIONS Developing professional identity resilience can assist students and graduates to counter challenging experiences of being a social worker. Professional identity resilience plays an important role in the development and ongoing maintenance of professional identity and as such is essential knowledge for social work educators, professional associations, social work students and graduates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hazaras are a newly emerging community in Australia and limited research has explored their mental health. The first aim of this study was to explore levels of psychological distress and subjective well-being reported by Hazaras in Australia, and whether scores on psychosocial variables (self-compassion, self-coldness, acculturation, resilience, spirituality), psychological distress and domains of subjective well-being differed by sociodemographic groups. The second aim had two parts: (a) to examine bivariate relationships between the psychosocial variables, psychological distress and subjective well-being; and (b) to examine whether the psychosocial predictor variables independently contributed to subjective well-being and psychological distress when controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Seventy-two Hazaras (58 men and 14 women), with a mean age of 28.82 years (SD = 8.84) and average length of time residing in Australia of 10.17 years (SD = 4.11), completed an online survey. There were sociodemographic differences in relation to key variables of interest; for example, participants who did not have family members in Australia reported lower levels of global life satisfaction. Moderate negative relationships were found between self-compassion and psychological distress and between self-coldness and subjective well-being. Self-coldness, self-compassion, resilience and acculturation contributed uniquely to psychological distress and subjective well-being when controlling for sociodemographic variables. Although migration programmes that provide permanent residency and allow family members to join refugees in Australia are limited, they appear important. Many of the difficulties facing Hazaras are ongoing, external and beyond their control (e.g. visa status); however, there is a possibility that self-compassion can play a role as a protective factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore young people's (YP) experiences of catastrophic flooding in the Northern Rivers area of northern NSW in 2017 and its effect on their mental health. Design: Content analysis of free‐text survey responses (written responses to open questions, rather than selecting a response option). Setting: Northern Rivers NSW. Participants: YP aged 16–25 years who were Northern Rivers residents at the time of the 2017 flood. Results: YP found their flood experience to be novel and challenging. They expressed worry, distress, anxiety, and worsened pre‐existing mental health issues as a result of the flood. YP reported a number of primary stressors (inadequate preparedness, warning and support during the flood) and secondary stressors (loss/damage of property and possessions, financial strain and disruptions to daily life) which potentially contributed to poor mental health. Some YP reported positive outcomes from their flood experience, notably increased community connectedness and personal resilience. However, they also expressed concern for the future, particularly potential reoccurrence of extreme floods as well as climate change. YP conveyed a desire for better community involvement to improve preparedness for future floods and a clear motivation to take action on climate change. Conclusion: The flood was a challenging experience for YP which was commonly described as negatively affecting their mental health. Understanding what YP view as significant events or issues arising from their personal flood experience may help target support mechanisms and services to maintain their mental. More focus on community‐based initiatives to improve disaster preparedness can support mental health in YP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Extreme heat causes a major health burden, especially for older Australians. Objective: To assess the impact of extreme heat on older regional and rural Australians, including clinical presentations, social implications, and health‐seeking behaviours and adaptations. Design: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. Findings: Ten articles were included in the review with research on this topic limited. Extreme heat causes an increase in mortality and ambulance dispatches for older rural Australians. Social connectedness is negatively affected by extreme heat due to cancellation of events and individuals becoming housebound. Air conditioning is the main cooling mechanism used, although cost is a major concern. Despite this, older rural populations display a depth of knowledge regarding practical behavioural responses to adapt to extreme heat. Studies show older rural Australians do not consider extreme heat to be a threat to health. Discussion: Further research needs to examine the role extreme heat may play in contributing to experiences of loneliness. Air conditioning cannot be the ultimate solution in responding to extreme heat due to cost and increased carbon emissions. The low‐risk perception of extreme heat for older rural people may inform effective heat health warnings and effective use of primary health care in heat‐health education. Listening to First Nations knowledge in dealing with heat may provide a powerful mechanism in which to protect health. Conclusion: The extensive health effects of extreme heat highlights the necessity of further research and strengthening of services in preparation for an ageing rural population enduring climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using three waves of data and tracing the same refugees over time, this paper shows that some factors associated with settlement experience are different from life satisfaction. Evidence shows that although settlement experience has not improved over time, life satisfaction of both male and female refugees has. The non-linear effect of age on life satisfaction disappears over time while that of settlement experience lingers on. Discrimination affects both male and female life satisfaction but is only a concern for females and the younger cohort's settlement experience. Psychological capital did not appear to moderate the discrimination effect, but this needs to be robustly examined further. Lastly, different support for refugees over time and a targeted focus on some groups is likely to be more effective than a blanket support policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A 46-year-old female presented for chiropractic care with pain in the pelvis following a motor vehicle accident one year prior. At the time of presentation, she had severely limited physical resilience, limited ability to walk, lie down or stay in one position for too long, and she had a long medical history of other physical health problems. Management: The patient commenced chiropractic care, to which she was a novice, in the hopes of achieving reduced pain. She commenced a 12-session care plan and was adjusted using Torque Release Technique, with Instrument-assistant (integrator), Manual adjustments (HVLA), SOT blocks (pelvic region), Drop table (sacro-pelvic region) and Toggle board (upper cervical region). Outcome: After 12 sessions of chiropractic care, she reported increased sleep, mood, energy and physical functioning, decreased pain, decreased dermatitis, increased digestive function and reported that she felt more alive than she had in years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

First-generation Indian Australians may encounter challenges in adapting to the new country while trying to retain values from their homeland. The difficulties in their adjustment could potentially impact second-generation Australians raised in the country by immigrant parents, particularly regarding the reconciliation of differing value systems at home and within the broader society. This research explores the understudied area of coping and relationships among second-generation Indian-Australian teenagers. It is known that resilience plays a crucial role in mental health. Additionally, feelings of Alienation or detachment from oneself, others, or society can significantly contribute to mental health issues. Similarly, Positive Attachment to parents and significant adults is widely recognized as a facilitator of good psychological well-being among children and adolescents and Egocentrism is one of the crucial psychological factors in the development of Adolescents. This study aims to explore the connection between Positive Attachment, Alienation, Resilience and egocentrism among secondgeneration Indian-Australian teenagers. Total 180 adolescents of both Genders (Male N= 107, Female N= 73), participated in the study. 'Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents (RSCA) by Prince-Embury (2006)' and 'Bell Relationship Inventory for Adolescents by Bell, PhD. (BRIA) 2005' were the tools used. Pearson Correlation indicated that Resilience and Positive attachment are positively correlated. and there was a negative correlation between Resilience and Alienation. Resilience and Egocentrism were also negatively correlated. In terms of Gender difference there was no gender difference found on any of these variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For workers living with a disability, pathways to sustainable employment in the open labour market are inhibited by barriers operating at different structural and societal levels. The culture of Australia's government employment services has applied a 'work-first' approach that emphasises finding people employment rather than supporting the acquisition of skills and education. The net effect of this approach is the preferencing of short-term employment solutions, with a focus on individual behaviour or so-called resilience and an emphasis on personal responsibility instead of addressing structural issues. In this paper, we explore how people with disability can be supported in finding employment through a shared resilience approach offered by a Work Integration Social Enterprise (WISE). We suggest that WISEs can provide the conditions for shared resilience by developing and sustaining networks needed to generate hybrid pathways to work and by role modelling inclusive work conditions in the open labour market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research suggests that physiotherapists frequently engage with patients who experience psychological distress (e.g. feelings of depression and anxiety) and that physiotherapists find supporting these patients challenging. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of Australian physiotherapists with patients they perceived were experiencing psychological distress. A 'Big Q' qualitative research approach was used. Twenty-three interviews with physiotherapists were conducted. The data were then analyzed using iterative thematic inquiry. The analysis produced four interrelated themes: 1) encounters with patients in distress are common and varied; 2) becoming emotionally attuned with their patients meant that distress could invoke empathetic distress; 3) physiotherapists use emotional shields to protect themselves; and 4) physiotherapists found frequent encounters with patient distress to be emotionally exhausting. Viewed together, the themes highlight how patient distress can invoke transient empathetic distress in a physiotherapist; repeated experiences of empathetic distress may lead to empathetic distress fatigue. While physiotherapists are sometimes viewed as 'physical' health professionals, the experiences of these physiotherapists suggest that patient psychological distress is highly relevant to physiotherapy practice. We recommend future research explores the relationships between patient distress, physiotherapists' empathy, and physiotherapists' wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study examines the impact of funding provided to support the well‐being of rural health practitioners and their practice staff following the 2019–2022 bushfires. Objective: To assess the benefits and implications of grant funding for rural practices to aid recovery following bushfires in NSW, Australia. Design: An explanatory sequential mixed method design consisted of a survey and a thematic analysis of semi‐structured Interviews. Findings: Five key themes emerged from analysis: (1) the disasters altered the role of the practice and therapeutic relationships; (2) the funding had a positive impact on access to professional development; (3) the training had a positive impact on staff well‐being and resilience; (4) the professional development had a positive impact on rural practitioner's sense of capability; and (5) important elements of future grant opportunities. Discussion: The findings indicate the importance of recovering funding to facilitate access to professional development for rural health practioners during natural disasters which improved their mental health and wellbeing, capability and support to clients. Conclusion: Recovery funding facilitated improvement in workforce capability, professional resilience, mental health and well‐being in the face of natural disasters and emergencies. There was a link between training and maintaining the capability of rural health care practitioners and their practice staff. Capability was an important factor in the well‐being and resilience of the health workforce and their ability to support clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: A multidisciplinary Bushfire Recovery Program was developed by Royal Far West focused on reducing the short‐ and medium‐term impacts of the 2019‐2020 bushfires in Australia on children's wellbeing and resilience. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of the Program's psychosocial groups on children's wellbeing and resilience. Design: A two‐phase mixed method approach was used, involving post‐intervention surveys and interviews of children impacted by the 2019‐2020 bushfires in Australia who participated in the Bushfire Recovery Program, their parents/carers, teachers, and the facilitators of the workshops. Statistical analysis was undertaken with quantitative data and content and thematic analysis of qualitative data. Findings: Children learnt to talk to and trust adults, share thoughts and experiences with others, recognise they were not alone in their experiences, build connections with peers, understand and manage feelings, and implement strategies that enabled them to cope with change. Discussion: Psychosocial groups delivered in preschools and schools as part of the Bushfire Recovery Program reportedly led to significant learning and positive impacts for children in the areas of coping, wellbeing, and peer connections. Similar themes occurred across surveys and interviews and findings reflected the perceptions of the children who participated in the groups, and key adults around the children. Conclusions: Community‐based psychoeducational interventions can provide effective support in the short‐ and medium‐term post‐bushfire for children to develop strategies and skills to enable them to cope with changes and their emotional reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective governance of social‐ecological systems (SES) is an enduring challenge, especially in coastal environments where accelerating impacts of climate change are increasing pressure on already stressed systems. While resilience is often proposed as a suitable framing to re‐orient governance and management, the literature includes many different, and sometimes conflicting, definitions and ideas that influence how the concept is applied, especially in coastal environments. This study combines discourse analysis of the coastal governance literature and key informant interviews in Tasmania, Australia, demonstrating inconsistencies and confusion in the way that resilience is framed in coastal governance research and practice. We find that resilience is most often framed as (1) a rate of recovery from disturbance or (2) the process of acting in response to, or anticipation of, a disturbance. A third framing considers resilience as an emergent property of SESs. This framing, social‐ecological resilience, accounts for multiple configurations of SES, which necessitates adaptation and transformation strategies to address changes across temporal and spatial scales. Coastal managers recognised the value of this third framing for governing coastal SESs, yet the confusion and inconsistency in the literature was also evident in how they understood and applied resilience in practice. Expanding the use of social‐ecological resilience is essential for more effective coastal governance, given the dynamics of coastal SESs and the intensity of social, economic, and environmental drivers of change these systems face. However, this requires addressing the unclear, confused, and superficial use of resilience‐oriented concepts in research and policy discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Global nursing workforce shortage represents an impediment to the delivery of safe, evidence-based healthcare. Despite collective efforts, a consistent stream of nurses leaving the profession remains, particularly within the first five years of practice, which is exacerbated in rural communities. The aim of the study was to compare self-efficacy, grit, and rural career aspirations among nursing graduates between their second and fourth year of their nursing profession. Methods: As part of a longitudinal investigation, a repeated cross-sectional design was utilised. Participants included, 117 (response rate 52.2%) who completed an online questionnaire 18–24 months after graduating, and 32 participants (response rate of 21.0%) who agree to repeat the questionnaire 36–48 months after graduating. The questionnaire included demographic, employment, and measures examining general and occupational self-efficacy, grit, and rural career aspirations. Results: No differences between general and occupational self-efficacy or grit were identified between second- and fourth-year nurses. In addition, the importance placed on undertaking rural career also remains unchanged. However, a higher proportion of fourth year nurses were more likely to be in management or were considering leaving the profession. Conclusions: This examination of early career nurses, now in their second and fourth-year post-graduation highlights self-efficacy, grit, and rural career aspirations remains stable between two- and four-years following graduation, while nursing in their fourth year were more likely to consider leaving the profession. Nursing retention is a 'Wicked Problem' that is unavoidably a complex amalgam of macro, meso and micro factors that we are yet to fully appreciate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural hazards can turn into disasters when not managed well. An important part of disaster risk reduction is to understand how well communities are prepared for natural hazards and how well they can cope with and recover from shocks in the long term. This research assesses self‐reported community resilience and asks what makes a community resilient, using Australia as a case study. It reports on an Australian‐wide online survey which included questions related to the Conjoint Community Resiliency Assessment Measurement, a subjective indicator, as well as questions about risk perception, well‐being, and self‐efficacy. Community resilience was found to be moderately high but scores for community leadership and preparedness were low. Perceived community resilience was positively correlated with age and those with high scores for self‐efficacy and well‐being. There was, as expected, an inverse relationship between reliance on external support during natural hazards and self‐efficacy. The results complement previous studies which used different measures of community resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: We assessed the mental health effects of Australia's 2019–2020 bushfires 12–18 months later, predicting psychological distress and positive psychological outcomes from bushfire exposure and a range of demographic variables, and seeking insights to enhance disaster preparedness and resilience planning for different profiles of people. Methods: We surveyed 3083 bushfire-affected and non-affected Australian residents about their experiences of bushfire, COVID-19, psychological distress (depression, anxiety, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder) and positive psychological outcomes (resilient coping, wellbeing). Results: We found high rates of distress across all participants, exacerbated by severity of bushfire exposure. For people who were bushfire-affected, being older, having less financial stress, and having no or fewer pre-existing mental disorders predicted both lower distress and higher positive outcomes. Being male or having less income loss also predicted positive outcomes. Severity of exposure, higher education and higher COVID-19-related stressors predicted both higher distress and higher positive outcomes. Pre-existing physical health diagnosis and previous bushfire experience did not significantly predict distress or positive outcomes. Recommendations: To promote disaster resilience, we recommend investment in mental health, particularly for younger adults and for those in rural and remote areas. We also recommend investment in mechanisms to protect against financial distress and the development of a broader definition of bushfire-related impacts than is currently used to capture brushfires' far-reaching effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we take a process perspective to inductively theorize how shifting sources of adversity and subjective experiences of team relationship quality influence team resilience across time. Building on the literature, we characterize team resilience as a set of team‐level processes—anticipation, coping, and learning—which can support teams to work interdependently to return to, or beyond, pre‐adversity levels of performance. Despite the rising interest, existing research has tended to be theoretical or exploratory in relation to sources of everyday team adversity. To further understand team resilience, we examine how the characteristics of team resilience unfold across time between a crew of sailors during a challenging multi‐day yacht race and competitive demands. Using video observations and interview data, we explore in real‐time how team resilience processes are (i) shaped by dynamism in the sources of external (environmental) adversity and internal team adversity encountered and (ii) influenced by shifts in the subjective experience of team relationship quality across time. We make two contributions: a novel conceptualization of how external (environmental) adversity and internal team adversity affect team resilience processes across time and a theorization of how relationship quality affects team resilience in the context of shifting adversities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on Indigenous contact languages in Australia, examining their emergence, structures, linguistic creativity, and current challenges faced by speakers. It discusses the historical contexts of colonial expansion and social disruption, which led to the development of new Indigenous contact languages. It highlights the resilience of Indigenous communities in maintaining their languages despite pressures from English dominance.

An editorial is presented on resilience is about harnessing a system's internal and external resources to cope and persist in the face of trauma or extreme disruption. Topics include social work services can help bolster resilience after an individual's or community's exposure to difficult, hazardous, or extreme events, support and implement creative solutions; and national plan for women and children's recovery from the trauma of domestic and family violence.

This article explores the impact of mental health issues on paramedics in Australia, particularly Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, caused by their exposure to high levels of stress. The prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is higher among paramedics than any other occupation, and this could be a cause for concern, especially for undergraduate student paramedics. The article examines the need to build resilience among student paramedics to help them handle the trauma they may experience during clinical placement. This study conducted a two-step process to review literature and university handbooks to determine the level of education provided to paramedic students on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and resilience during clinical placement, due to the lack of research in this area. The first step involved a search for relevant articles, while the second step involved a search of the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency website to identify paramedicine programs and a manual evaluation of each undergraduate pre-registration paramedicine curriculum in Australia. This study conducted a systematic search of national and international literature and Australian undergraduate pre-registration paramedicine programs to identify any studies pertaining to the education of paramedic students in resilience and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. The search found that only 15 (5.95 %) of the 252 reviewed subjects had reference to mental health, resilience or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, with only 4 (1.59 %) of them discussing these topics in preparation for clinical practice. The study highlights the lack of emphasis on student paramedic self-care as an essential underpinning for clinical placement preparation in the curriculum. This literature review concludes that appropriate training and support, teaching resilience, and promoting self-care are crucial in preparing paramedic students for the emotional and psychological demands of their work. Equipping students with these tools and resources can improve their mental health and well-being and enhance their ability to provide high-quality care to patients. Promoting self-care as a core value in the profession is essential in creating a culture that supports paramedics in maintaining their own mental health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To present and discuss our experiences of learning how to establish and maintain an international collaboration as early career nurse researchers residing in the United States and Australia. Background: International research collaborations require additional startup time given the complexities of navigating cultural differences, obtaining ethics committee approvals in different countries and collecting human subject data. International collaborations may be daunting for early career researchers given their inexperience and pragmatic focus on research projects that lead to outputs achievable on short timelines for career advancement. Design: Discussion paper. Data Sources: Evidence from international literature about global collaborations across numerous disciplines, including potential factors that could facilitate or constrain early career researcher efforts to engage in international collaborations, were combined with authors' lived experiences as early career researchers. Discussion: Our collaboration began in July 2022 through a professional introduction spurred by a call for applications to fund global nursing education collaborations. Interpersonal, logistical and organizational factors played a role in our lived experiences of beginning an international collaboration. Our experiences are consistent with published literature about the time and complexity involved in conducting international research. Conclusion: Investing time building interpersonal relationships strengthens international research and supports collaborative learning and intercultural understanding. These professional relationships can be built over time to develop significant bodies of research with international impact. Early career researchers need to be resilient, persistent and tenacious as they 'jump through hoops' to establish international research collaborations. Impact: Building relationships during international research collaborations supports collaborative learning for intercultural understanding and strengthens research to address emerging global problems. International nursing research collaborations could encourage greater curiosity, innovative ideas and solutions to international problems that could not be achieved in isolation. Patient or Public Contribution: There was no patient or public involvement in the design and development of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To examine the associations between self‐efficacy, resilience and healthy ageing among older people who have an acute hospital admission. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Method s : Survey and medical record data were collected from older people on discharge from hospital. The survey measured self‐efficacy with the 6‐item General Self‐Efficacy scale (GSE‐6), resilience with the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and healthy ageing with the Selfie Ageing Index (SAI). Medical record data included potential confounders: co‐morbidities, frailty items, previous falls and previous admission in the last 28 days. Multi‐linear regression and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used to examine the independent associations between self‐efficacy, resilience and healthy ageing. Results: Responses were received from 143 older people (mean age 79). After adjusting for potential confounders, co‐morbidities (ß = ‐0.08, p = 0.001) remained negatively associated with healthy ageing, while self‐efficacy (ß = 0.03, p = 0.005) and resilience (ß = 0.05, p < 0.001) remained positively associated with healthy ageing (R2 = 0.243). Positive correlations were found between self‐efficacy (ρ = 0.33, p < 0.01), resilience (ρ = 0.38, p < 0.001) and healthy ageing. Positive correlations were also found between self‐efficacy and resilience (ρ = 0.38, p < 0.01). Those with lower self‐efficacy and resilience were more likely to report reduced activities of daily living, mobility, physical activity and mood. Conclusion: Findings indicate that while the number of co‐morbidities have negative consequences for healthy ageing among older people who are hospitalised, the promotion of self‐efficacy and resilience can potentially contribute to healthy ageing within the physical and psychological domains. Implications for Patient Care: Nurses can promote self‐efficacy, which can potentially increase resilience and help to improve self‐management of chronic conditions, functional ability in daily activities, mobility and physical activity and reduce both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Patient Contribution: Participant feedback throughout the data collection process assisted in the evaluation of study methods and data interpretation. This included processes such as assessing selected tools and clarifying the meanings of healthy ageing factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidemiological evidence suggests that regular physical activity (PA) positively impacts individuals' mental health (MH). The PA-MH relationship may be critical among immigrants owing to psycho-social-cultural influences. This scoping review of 61 studies employed a holistic bio-psycho-socio-cultural framework to thoroughly investigate the complex relationship between PA (across life domains) and immigrants' MH in Western countries. A systematic search of five electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Anthropology Plus) was conducted to locate relevant articles. No limitations were applied to study design, age, gender, home country, MH condition or PA type. A bio-psycho-socio-cultural-informed conceptual model guided the analysis of the multi-domain PA-MH relationship. Immigrant PA-MH studies were conducted and reported most commonly in the USA (38%), Australia (18%), and Canada (11%). Overall, PA was positively related to MH. Each domain-specific PA appeared to be associated with unique MH-promoting pathways/mechanisms. Leisure-related PA may support MH by enhancing self-agency and minimizing risky behaviors, whilst travel- and domestic-related PA may promote self-accomplishment and physical engagement. Ethnic sports appeared to enhance resilience. Occupational-related PA was associated with either positive or negative MH, depending on the type of occupation. A bio-psycho-socio-cultural-informed model is required to gain an encompassing and integrated understanding of immigrants' health. The first iteration of such a model is presented here, along with an illustration of how the model may be used to deepen analysis and understanding of the multi-domain PA-MH relationship among immigrants and inform public health planners and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Walking along side those responding to climate-related threats as co-researchers is surfacing new understanding of the potential for community action in complex and chaotic situations. Action research enables academia, government, non-government organizations and community members to learn collaboratively, building knowledge that is nuanced and contextualized. Whilst this approach aims to disrupt traditional power in relation to knowledge production, it continues to struggle for legitimacy and, hence, policy and practice traction, sitting uncomfortably in a field dominated by positivist empirical strategies a "single truth." This article draws on two action research case studies – the first a multi-partner place-based engagement and the second a learning partnership with a philanthropic organization operating across two Australian States – to illustrate how we might navigate the contours of power that shape our efforts to build knowledge collaboratively. Drawing on these experiences we identify two key challenges to successful industry/academic action research partnerships: shifting power and translating knowledge to broader audiences. We conclude with ideas to improve future action research practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little research has investigated professional identity in Australian clinical psychology postgraduate students. The current study examined potential predictors of professional identity for these students. Anonymous, self-report cross-sectional surveys for Australian postgraduate clinical psychology students were distributed via online survey links sent by their institution's Program Director. Respondents reported professional identity, motivation, engagement, satisfaction with program, resilience, burnout, demographics, and enrolment type. Data from 77 respondents were analysed. Students reported an average 4.25/5 for sense of professional identity as a psychologist. Age, work experience, and stage of program were not associated with professional identity. In multivariate analyses, higher student satisfaction, lower burnout, and lower engagement with "student" aspects of postgraduate study were associated with stronger professional identity. Levels of professional identity were relatively high and showed little influence of demographic variables. However, there is likely to be a reciprocal relationship between satisfaction with postgraduate study and professional identity for students, which would need to be evaluated in a different design to understand directions of association. Results also suggest that supporting postgraduate students in self-care and helping students to balance professional responsibilities and academic aspects of study are likely to assist in fostering postgraduates' professional identity. What is already known about this topic: Professional identity provides a sense of self in relation to membership of a specific profession. Students in health and social services professions, including psychology, have demonstrated emerging professional identities in their areas of study. In working professionals, professional identity has been found to be important for wellbeing and for relationships with colleagues and clients. What this paper adds: Professional identity amongst a sample of Australian postgraduate students in clinical psychology was independent of demographic variables such as age, gender, and previous work experience. Stronger professional identity in the current sample correlated with higher satisfaction with the program of study and lower level of burnout. In multivariate analysis, higher satisfaction with the program of study, lower burnout, and lower engagement with "academic" aspects of the program each independently predicted higher level of professional identity. From these cross-sectional findings, potential causal associations between predictors and professional identity remain to be clarified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health nurses experience both organizational and practice‐related stressors in their work. Resilience is an interactive process of positive adaptation following stress and adversity. There is limited evidence on how personal resilience is applied to mental health nursing practice. The aim of this interpretive narrative study was to explore mental health nurses' stories of resilience in their practice for the purpose of gaining an understanding of resilience resources they draw on when dealing with challenging workplace situations. A storytelling approach was used in semistructured phone interviews with 12 mental health nurses who measured high on resilience (Workplace Resilience Inventory) and caring behaviours (Caring Behaviours Inventory). Within and across case narrative analysis produced stories of resilient practice within four themes: proactively managing the professional self; sustaining oneself through supportive relationships; engaging actively in practice, learning and self‐care; and seeking positive solutions and outcomes. Nurses displayed poise in stressful situations and grace under pressure in demanding and emotionally challenging interactions, holding dignity and respect for self and others, with the aim of achieving positive outcomes for both. Resilient practice is the responsibility of organizations as well as individuals. To develop practice and support staff retention, we recommend organizations use tailored professional development to cultivate a growth mindset in new and experienced staff, develop organizational strategies to build positive team cultures, and prioritize strategies to reduce workplace stressors and strengthen staff psychological safety and well‐being. The use of narrative techniques in reflective practice and clinical supervision may help build nurses' resilience and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The mental health impact of the initial years of military service is an under-researched area. This study is the first to explore mental health trajectories and associated predictors in military members across the first 3–4 years of their career to provide evidence to inform early interventions. Methods: This prospective cohort study surveyed Australian Defence personnel (n = 5329) at four time-points across their early military career. Core outcomes were psychological distress (K10+) and posttraumatic stress symptoms [four-item PTSD Checklist (PCL-4)] with intra-individual, organizational and event-related trajectory predictors. Latent class growth analyses (LCGAs) identified subgroups within the sample that followed similar longitudinal trajectories for these outcomes, while conditional LCGAs examined the variables that influenced patterns of mental health. Results: Three clear trajectories emerged for psychological distress: resilient (84.0%), worsening (9.6%) and recovery (6.5%). Four trajectories emerged for post-traumatic stress, including resilient (82.5%), recovery (9.6%), worsening (5.8%) and chronic subthreshold (2.3%) trajectories. Across both outcomes, prior trauma exposure alongside modifiable factors, such as maladaptive coping styles, and increased anger and sleep difficulties were associated with the worsening and chronic subthreshold trajectories, whilst members in the resilient trajectories were more likely to be male, report increased social support from family/friends and Australian Defence Force (ADF) sources, and use adaptive coping styles. Conclusions: The emergence of symptoms of mental health problems occurs early in the military lifecycle for a significant proportion of individuals. Modifiable factors associated with wellbeing identified in this study are ideal targets for intervention, and should be embedded and consolidated throughout the military career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Psychosocial deficits, such as emotional, behavioral and social problems, reflect the most common and disabling consequences of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). Their causes and recovery likely differ from physical and cognitive skills, due to disruption to developing brain networks and the influence of the child's environment. Despite increasing recognition of post-injury behavioral and social problems, there exists a paucity of research regarding the incidence of social impairment, and factors predicting risk and resilience in the social domain over time since injury. Methods: Using a prospective, longitudinal design, and a bio-psychosocial framework, we studied children with TBI (n = 107) at baseline (pre-injury function), 6 months, 1 and 2-years post-injury. We assessed intellectual ability, attention/executive function, social cognition, social communication and socio-emotional function. Children underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 2–8 weeks post-injury. Parents rated their child's socio-emotional function and their own mental health, family function and perceived burden. Results: We distinguished five social recovery profiles, characterized by a complex interplay between environment and pre- and post-TBI factors, with injury factors playing a lesser role. Resilience in social competence was linked to intact family and parent function, intact pre-injury adaptive abilities, post-TBI cognition and social participation. Vulnerability in the social domain was related to poor pre- and post-injury adaptive abilities, greater behavioral concerns, and poorer pre- and post-injury parent health and family function. Conclusions: We identified five distinct social recovery trajectories post-child-TBI, each characterized by a unique biopsychosocial profile, highlighting the importance of comprehensive social assessment and understanding of factors contributing to social impairment, to target resources and interventions to children at highest risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]