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The article deals with a number of urgent problems concerning sustainable buildings. Significant works of architects in this area were noted, as well as examples of implemented sustainable projects of foreign experience. The purpose of the article is to identify certain factors that affect the architectural and planning solutions of these buildings in the conditions of Baku and Absheron. The methodology is based on the analysis of literature sources, as well as on a full-scale study of energy efficiency and assessment of the internal microclimate of a sustainable building located in Baku. The principles necessary to take into account when designing buildings that meet the criteria of sustainable architecture are defined. Application of these principles in the development of sustainable buildings will significantly improve the quality of construction, reduce energy consumption to a minimum, provide a comfortable living environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]