1. Complete coding region sequence analyses and antigenic characterization of emerging lineage G-IX of foot- and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia1.
- Author
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Rout M, Dahiya SS, Subramaniam S, Acharya R, Samanta R, Biswal JK, Mohapatra JK, and Singh RP
- Subjects
- Animals, Open Reading Frames genetics, India epidemiology, Bangladesh epidemiology, Cattle Diseases virology, Cattle Diseases epidemiology, Cattle, Antigens, Viral genetics, Capsid Proteins genetics, Genome, Viral, Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus genetics, Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus classification, Phylogeny, Serogroup, Foot-and-Mouth Disease virology, Foot-and-Mouth Disease epidemiology
- Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease Virus (FMDV) serotype Asia1 is prevalent in the Indian subcontinent, with only G-III and G-VIII reported in India until 2020. However, in 2019, a novel genetic group within serotype Asia1, designated as G-IX, emerged in Bangladesh, followed by its detection in India in 2020. This report presents analyses of the complete coding region sequences of the G-IX lineage isolates. The length of the open reading frame (ORF) of the two G-IX isolates was 6990 nucleotides without any deletion or insertion. The G-IX isolates showed the highest sequence similarity with an isolate of G-III at the ORF, L, P2, and P3 regions, and with an isolate of G-VIII at the P1 region. Phylogenetic analysis based on the capsid region (P1) supports the hypothesis that G-VIII and G-IX originated from a common ancestor, as speculated earlier. Further, VP1 region-based phylogenetic analyses revealed the re-emergence of G-VIII after a gap of 3 years. One isolate of G-VIII collected during 2023 revealed a codon insertion in the G-H loop of VP1. The vaccine matching studies support the suitability of the currently used Indian vaccine strain IND63/1972 to contain outbreaks due to viruses belonging to G-IX.
- Published
- 2024
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