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The 2022 Winter Olympics were held in the three competition zones of Beijing, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou, China. The venues of this Winter Olympics were scattered and the terrain was complex. Moreover, the medical resources of Hebei and Beijing were relatively unbalanced. In the medical security of major events, the connection between first aid and in-hospital processes is of the utmost importance to rescue quality. 5th generation mobile network (5G) applications in medical scenarios are on the rise. It would be of great relevance to fully use 5G's low-latency and high-speed features to share the process information of patients, ambulance personnel, and the destination hospital's rescue team at emergency scenes and in transportation, improving rescue efficiency. This paper proposes a system scheme of cross-institutional emergency health information sharing based on 5G and augmented reality wearable devices. It also integrates the construction method of monitoring and other sign data sharing, in addition to testing the proposed scheme's service quality in 5G environments. In the deployment area of the 5G emergency medical rescue information sharing scheme for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games, we selected two designated medical support institutions for testing. The test adopted a combination of fixed-point and driving tests to experiment on the service data, voice service, and streaming media indicators. The 5G signal's coverage rate was close to 100%, the standalone connection's success rate was 100%, and the drop rate was 0. The average downlink rate of multiple scenarios was 620mbps, and the average uplink rate of 5G was over 71.8mbps, which is higher than the average 5G level in China. The downlink rate was more than 20 times larger than the 4th generation mobile network (4G) rate. This study's proposed scheme demonstrates the importance of 5G applications in emergency response and support, in addition to providing a suitable scheme for the integration of 5G networks in the medical scene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat wave is serious natural disaster that can harm human health and affect social economy, transportation and ecological environment. This paper investigates the long term trends of high temperature events in three major cities (Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang) of northern China during 1970–2019, and quantifies the contributions of main influencing factors to the variability of high temperature days. High temperature events in Beijing–Tianjin–Shijiazhuang cities mainly occur from June to July and account for 60–65% of the annual total, showing a significant upward trend in the interannual change. There is a trend of high temperature events starting early and ending late in recent 50 years, and this trend is intensified by the increasing urbanization. Due to geographical location and city scale, the frequency and intensity of high temperature events show difference among Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang cities. Variance analysis shows that climate warming contributes 20.2–25.5% to the variability of high temperature days, while urban heat island accounts for 14.7–24.2%, equal to the sum of the contributions from atmospheric circulation and solar activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The middle route of south-to-north water transfer project is a canal system. The downstream part from Anyang to Beijing has ice in winter every year. And the water resources requirement of this part is still hard in winter. . Ice condition is important to operation the canal system in winter. Ice evolution simulation is an important method to improve ice hazard threat of the middle route of south-to-north water transfer project by ice prediction and canal system automation operation. In this paper, a one dimensional operation simulation model for the middle route of South-to-North water transfer project has been established, which including unsteady flow simulation, water temperature simulation, ice cover evolution simulation and PI controller. It could describe the ice evolution process, hydraulic responses and gates operation process. And the model had taken the canal system characteristics into consideration including ice cannot flow through downstream gate of each pool and coupling of system hydraulic response. Ice observation is a dangerous work, and the project is so long. So, just limited ice observed data at some canal pools of the project is used to confirm the parameters value for the model. The parameters calibration results showed that the heat exchange coefficient of open channel hwi was 18 W/(m2·°C) and heat exchange coefficient under ice sheet conditions hwai was 26 W/(m2·°C), and the averaged error Ec of ice cover thickness and water temperature were 0.67 cm and 0.07 °C respectively. So the reliability of the model was confirmed to calibrate water temperature process, ice cover formation process and ice cover thickness process. And then, the model was applied to Beijing-Shijiazhuang part of the south-to-north water transfer project case simulation to study the ice situation evolution, hydraulic response and gate group regulation process in Ianuary-February 2016. The simulated canal system consists of 13 channels separated by 14 control gates. Water transfer flow of Hebei terminal and Tianjin were set as 20 m3/s and 10 m3/s. Two working conditions were simulated according to the temperature conditions. The results showed that the ice evolution parameters value can worked well to simulate ice evolution for long distance canal system, but the air temperature input conditions of the model must be the local value near each pool. The applied case results show that the canal system hydraulic response processes are complicated caused by ice evolution process, and the PI controller can reduce water level fluctuant amplitude and keep on the downstream water level operation mode well. The prediction of ice evolution process and gates operation processes was helpful to improve safety and economic benefit of the engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thia paper presente a comparison and analysir method of date at traffic meteorological observation station during Beijing Winter Olympic Games period based on Grubbs criterion. By comparing the date of a set of standard multi-element observation stations with the date of multiple measured traffic stations, the outlierr of each element date at each station were analyzed. It could provide date support for the maintenance of Zhangjiakou traffic meteorolooicat observation station and a guarantee for the accuraca of forest service during Beijing Winter Olympic Games period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The control interval constraint method can increase the control interval of MPC. • The water level constraint method can avoid unnecessary control of minor deviations. • The simultaneous use of the two methods can greatly reduce the gate control times. Model predictive control (MPC) is an effective real-time control method in dealing with water level deviations in canal pools. However, the control interval must be relatively small if some canal pools have short time delay characteristics, resulting in frequent gate control and limited use in practical engineering. In this paper, control interval constraint and water level soft constraint methods were proposed to handle frequent gate control problems in MPC. The MPC method with these constraint methods was tested on a simulation model of the Beijing–Shijiazhuang part of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (MRP) with two kinds of disturbances common to this project. The results indicate that the control interval constraint can increase the gate control interval and avoid back-and-forth gate opening adjustments without affecting the water level regulation. The water level constraint helps avoid unnecessary control to minor water level deviations. With both constraints used together, the control times can be reduced by 60% and 37%, respectively, in the two test disturbances. This control method meets the demand of large control intervals in multi-cascade pools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]